Morphometric, Biomechanical and Histologic Assessment of Physiologic Ovine Cervical Intervertebral Disc: An Experimental Study and Brief Literature Review.

The ovine cervical spine model has been established as a representative model of the human cervical spine in the current literature, and is the most commonly used large animal model in studies investigating pathogenesis and treatment strategies for intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration. However, existing data regarding morphometry, biomechanical profiles and the microscopic features of a physiological ovine cervical IVD remain scarce. Hence, the aim of this study was to perform a multimodal morphometric, biomechanical and histologic evaluation of a normal ovine cervical IVD.

Effect of classical music on light-plane anaesthesia and analgesia in dogs subjected to surgical nociceptive stimuli.

The objectives of this prospective, randomized, blinded, crossover, experimental study were to detect the potential anaesthetic- and analgesic-sparing effects of classical music provided to dogs undergoing skin surgery, and to investigate the role of substance P as an intraoperative pain indicator. Twenty dogs were included, each subjected to three different treatments: Chopin music, Mozart music and no music. They were premedicated with acepromazine, butorphanol and meloxicam and anaesthetized with propofol and isoflurane.

Use of Gabapentin or Alprazolam in Cats during Postoperative, Short-Term Hospitalization.

This prospective, randomized study aimed to assess the anxiolytic efficacy of gabapentin or alprazolam in cats during short-term postoperative hospitalization. Sixty cats were randomly assigned to three groups (gabapentin-treated [100 mg per cat], alprazolam-treated [0.125 mg per cat], or placebo-treated), with treatments administered twice daily for two days.

A retrospective study of Monteggia fractures in 8 dogs and 1 cat.

Monteggia fractures (MFs) are proximal ulnar fractures with concurrent dislocation of the radial head. This retrospective study aims to report the clinical findings and discuss the treatments and outcomes in MFs cases of 9 cases. Previous medical records of the animals were reviewed for history, clinical features, radiographic findings and choice of treatment.

The Effect of a Subsequent Dose of Dexmedetomidine or Other Sedatives following an Initial Dose of Dexmedetomidine on Sedation and Quality of Recovery in Cats: Part I.

Dexmedetomidine is an a-agonist commonly used in veterinary practice. Occasionally, the administered dose of dexmedetomidine may result in insufficient sedation, and an additional dose or drug may be required. The sedative effects of seven different drugs administered at subsequent time points after an initial, insufficient dose of dexmedetomidine were evaluated.

The Effect of a Subsequent Dose of Dexmedetomidine or Other Sedatives following an Initial Dose of Dexmedetomidine on Electrolytes, Acid-Base Balance, Creatinine, Glucose, and Cardiac Troponin I in Cats: Part II.

The administered dose of dexmedetomidine may occasionally fail to produce the anticipated sedative effects. Therefore, a subsequent dose or administration of another sedative may enhance sedation; however, patient safety may be affected. The safety of seven different drugs administered at the following time point after an insufficient dose of dexmedetomidine was evaluated in a crossover, blind, experimental study that included six healthy adult cats.

Intrasynovial autograft for reconstruction of chronic large rotator cuff tears in a rabbit model: biomechanical, computed tomography, and histological results.

Background: Rotator cuff (RC) tears are a common cause of shoulder dysfunction and pain, posing significant challenges for orthopedic surgeons. Grafts have been proposed as a solution to augment or bridge torn tendons, but optimal clinical outcomes are not always achieved due to poor graft integration, suboptimal mechanical properties, and immunological reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the biomechanical, CT and histological results of RC reconstruction using an intrasynovial tendon autograft, in a chronic large tear subscapularis rabbit model.

Isoflurane treatment for refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus in dogs.

Introduction: Resistant epileptic episodes, such as refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE), are neurological emergencies that require immediate medical treatment. Although inhalational anesthetics, such as isoflurane (ISO), have been proposed as a means of seizure control in dogs, there is currently a lack of both experimental and clinical studies on this subject.

Study Design: This is a retrospective clinical study.

Orally administered gabapentin and alprazolam induce comparable levels of anxiolysis and sedation in cats.

Objective: To assess the level of anxiolysis achieved by alprazolam and gabapentin in hospitalized cats prior to elective ovariohysterectomy and to evaluate the sedative effects of these agents.

Animals: 60 client-owned female cats classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status 1, admitted for elective ovariohysterectomy at a veterinary teaching hospital.

Methods: The cats were prospectively and randomly allocated into 3 groups.

Repair of chronic and large rotator cuff tears using extra-synovial autografts: An experimental study in rabbits.

Purpose: To investigate whether and how extra-synovial autografts can enhance the reconstruction of chronic and large rotator cuff tears in a rabbit subscapularis model.

Methods: Twenty rabbits were used to create a large subscapularis tear bilaterally. Six weeks later, the right shoulder of each rabbit was operated to repair the tear with an extra-synovial autograft, whereas the left shoulder did not undergo any surgery.

A Retrospective Study on Canine and Feline Mortality during Anaesthesia at a University Clinic in Greece.

This retrospective cohort study investigated the mortality rate during anaesthesia and possible contributing factors in canine and feline population in an academic institution in Greece. Data on 1187 dogs and 250 cats which underwent general anaesthesia from 1 January 2018 to 31 December 2019 at the Veterinary Faculty of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki were analysed regarding cardiac arrest and mortality. In dogs, the rate of cardiac arrest was 1.

Contribution to the Study of Perioperative Factors Affecting the Restoration of Dog's Mobility after Femoral Head and Neck Excision: A Clinical Study in 30 Dogs.

This study aimed to compare postoperative analgesia and the time of limb weight bearing induced by the intraoperative administration of a local anesthetic at the site of the femoral head and neck excision (FHNE) in dogs, with and without the administration of preoperative epidural anesthesia. Additionally, the impact of postoperative opioid drug administration on weight-bearing time was examined. This randomized, blinded, prospective clinical study included 30 client-owned dogs.

Effect of gonadectomy on pain assessment in dogs undergoing orthopaedic stifle surgery.

Objective: To compare pain perception between gonadectomized and intact dogs.

Study Design: Blinded, prospective, cohort study.

Animals: A group of 74 client-owned dogs.

Evaluation of Survival of Subdermal Plexus Skin Flaps in 8 Cats After Injection of Platelet Rich Plasma.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of platelet-rich plasma injection on the survival of experimentally developed subdermal plexus skin flaps in cats. Two flaps, 2 cm wide and 6 cm long were created bilaterally in the dorsal midline in 8 cats. Each flap was randomized to 1 of 2 groups: platelet-rich plasma injection and control.

The Effect of Premedication on the Incidence of Gastroesophageal Reflux in 270 Dogs Undergoing General Anesthesia.

The aim of this prospective, non-randomized study was to evaluate the effect of nine different premedication medications on the incidence of gastroesophageal reflux (GOR) in anesthetized dogs. Two hundred and seventy dogs undergoing non-intrathoracic, non-intrabdominal elective surgeries or invasive diagnostic procedures were included in the study, and were allocated into nine groups (30 dogs/group) defined by the type of premedication administered. Premedication consisted of dexmedetomidine with either morphine, pethidine or butorphanol, acepromazine with either one of the three opioids or midazolam with one of the above-mentioned opioids.

Prophylactic Effect of Fenestration on the Recurrence of Thoracolumbar Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs.

This systematic review aimed to assess the effect of prophylactic fenestration (PF) on the recurrence of thoracolumbar (TL) intervertebral disc (IVD) disease in dogs. Three online databases were searched (Web of Science, MEDLINE via PubMed, SCOPUS), 115 relevant studies were thoroughly examined by the authors, 29 of which met the pre-defined inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Data about the initial treatment, the performance of PF, the incidence of recurrence, and the site of recurrence were extracted.

Locally Injected Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Improves Cutaneous Wound Healing in Cats.

Cutaneous defects in cats are commonly encountered in clinical practice, and healing can be accomplished by first or second intention. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is characterized by a plasma concentration containing a large number of platelets in a small volume of plasma. The objective of the present study was to record the efficacy of PRP infiltration in open wounds in laboratory cats.

The role of the sequential organ failure assessment score in evaluating the outcome in dogs with parvoviral enteritis.

Scientific Background: The aim of this prospective study was to assess whether the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score could be indicative of outcome (survival to discharge) in dogs with parvoviral enteritis.

Methods: In 35 naturally infected dogs, the SOFA score and clinical score were calculated and the presence of systemic inflammatory response syndrome was verified on admission and during the first four days of hospitalization.

Results: 26 dogs survived, and out of the 9 non-survivors, 6 dogs had positive blood cultures.

Effect of anaesthesia on cell-mediated immunity in dogs undergoing mastectomy for mammary cancer.

Objective: To investigate if anaesthesia for canine cancer mastectomy further influences host cell-mediated immunity (CMI) promoting cancer progression.

Study Design: A randomized, controlled, blinded clinical study.

Animals: A total of 20 bitches with malignant mammary tumours of clinical stage II or III undergoing the same type of mastectomy (regional mastectomy).

Factors Affecting Intraoperative Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux in Dogs and Cats.

In animals, gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) may occur during anaesthesia, and it can lead to severe consequences such as oesophagitis and oesophageal stricture. This systematic review investigates the effect of fasting duration and anaesthetic and nonanaesthetic drugs on GOR in dogs and cats during general anaesthesia. Fifteen clinical studies met the inclusion criteria in this systematic review.

The Effect of the Preoperative Fasting Regimen on the Incidence of Gastro-Oesophageal Reflux in 90 Dogs.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of three different preoperative fasting regimens on the incidence of gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in dogs under general anaesthesia. Ninety dogs undergoing non-abdominal and non-thoracic elective surgery were included in the study and equally allocated to three groups. Dogs received canned food providing half the daily resting energy requirements (RER) 3 h prior to premedication (group 3H), a quarter of the daily RER 3 h before premedication (group 3Q), and half the daily RER 12 h before premedication (group 12H).

Contrast enhanced computed tomography assessment of superficial inguinal lymph node metastasis in canine mammary gland tumors.

Mammary gland neoplasms are predominant in dogs. However, sentinel lymph node (SLN) status assessment criteria have not been established for these cases. In this retrospective, secondary analysis, diagnostic case control study, CT images of 65 superficial inguinal SLNs were obtained before and 1, 3, 5, and 10 min after intravenous administration of contrast agent (iopamidol 370 mgI/mL).

Use of propofol to induce food consumption by anorectic dogs following ovariohysterectomy.

Objective: To determine whether IV propofol administration at a dose of 2 mg/kg (0.9 mg/lb) could induce food consumption by anorectic female dogs following elective ovariohysterectomy.

Animals: 51 healthy female dogs that failed to eat voluntarily when food was offered 6 hours after ovariohysterectomy.

The Role of Magnesium in the Management of Acute and Long-Term Symptoms Caused by Tetanus in Two Dogs.

Tetanus in dogs is a relatively uncommon neurological disease caused by the sporogenic bacillus Clostridium tetani. This disease is associated with prolonged hospitalization and mortality rates from 8%-50%. A 2-year-old, neutered male King Charles Spaniel and an approximately 8-months-old female Mongrel dog presented to Companion Animal Clinic with symptoms of muscle rigidity and generalized stiffness.

Limited cross-species transmission and absence of mutations associated with SARS-CoV-2 adaptation in cats: A case study of infection in a small household setting.

In the present study, the course of SARS-CoV-2 natural infection in two asymptomatic cats, which were negative for immunosuppressive retroviral infections, is investigated. The source of the virus for the cats was their COVID-19-affected owner, with whom they were in continuous proximity in a small household setting. The owner's signs included fatigue, sneezing, anosmia and loss of taste, and diagnosis was confirmed 4 days after symptom onset.