An evaluation of a Stenotrophomonas maltophilia outbreak due to commercial arterial blood gas collection kit.

Background: Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a gram-negative bacterium that can cause hospital infections and outbreaks within hospitals. This study aimed to evaluate an outbreak of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, caused by ready-to-use commercial syringes containing liquid lithium and heparin for arterial blood gas collection in a university hospital.

Methods: Upon detecting an increase in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia growth in blood cultures between 15.

Surveillance of carbapenem-resistant and in perianal swab samples.

Our study aimed to detect carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) and/or carbapenem-resistant in perianal swab samples, exploring their link to bloodstream infections (BSIs) in a tertiary-care university hospital. CRKP-related BSIs ranged from 3.7% to 9.

Impact of posaconazole prophylaxis and antifungal treatment on BAL GM performance in hematology malignancy patients with febrile neutropenia: a real life experience.

Background: Diagnostic accuracy of galactomannan measurements is highly variable depending on the study population, diagnostic procedures, and treatment procedures. We aimed to evaluate the effect of posaconazole prophylaxis and empiric antifungal treatment upon diagnostic accuracy of GM measurements in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bronchial lavage (BL), and serum in hematological malignancy population.

Methods: Patients hospitalized in a single tertiary care center with hematologic malignancies undergoing fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) with a preliminary diagnosis of IPA were retrospectively included.

Climate warming enhances chemical weathering in permafrost-dominated eastern Siberia.

Understanding the impacts of climate warming on hydrogeochemical processes, particularly in areas dominated by permafrost, is crucial. However, the natural background levels of chemical components in eastern Siberian rivers from permafrost-dominated regions and their responses to climate warming have not been adequately quantified. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by using a comprehensive river water chemistry database (n = 1264) spanning from 1940 to 2019.

A database of water chemistry in eastern Siberian rivers.

Permafrost degradation leads to considerable changes in river ecosystems. The Eastern Siberian River Chemistry (ESRC) database was constructed to create a spatially extensive river chemistry database to assess climate warming-induced changes in freshwater systems in permafrost-dominated eastern Siberia. The database includes 9487 major ion (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO and HCO) data of chemical results from 1434 water samples collected mainly in six large river basins in eastern Siberia spanning 1940-2019.

Remdesivir treatment for patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Background: Remdesivir, which was first developed for the treatment of Ebola disease but failed to meet expectations, has become hope in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for mortality and prognosis of adult moderate/severe COVID-19 patients treated with remdesivir, and safety and tolerability of 5 days of remdesivir treatment.

Methods: This multicenter prospective observational study was conducted in 14 centers in Turkey.

Tocilizumab treatment in COVID-19: A prognostic study using propensity score matching.

Background: The potential role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia provides the rationale for investigating IL-6 signaling inhibitors.

Objectives: To evaluate and report treatment responses to tocilizumab (TCZ) in COVID-19 patients and compare mortality outcomes with those of standard care.

Material And Methods: Patients hospitalized with a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, diagnosed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) between March 2020 and April 2021, were enrolled in this single-center retrospective cohort study.

An outbreak of Ralstonia insidiosa bloodstream infections caused by contaminated heparinized syringes.

Introduction: Ralstonia insidiosa, a gram-negative waterborne bacteria able to survive and grow in any type of water source, can cause nosocomial infections, and are considered emerging pathogens of infectious diseases in hospital settings. In this study, we report an outbreak of R. insidiosa at our center related to contaminated heparinized syringes.

Impact of revised EORTC/MSGERC 2020 criteria on diagnosis and prognosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in patients with hematological malignancies undergoing bronchoscopy.

Introduction: The first consensus definitions for invasive fungal diseases (IFD) were published in 2002. Advances in diagnostic tests and a clear need for improvement in certain areas led to a revision of these definitions in 2008. However, growing data on Aspergillus galactomannan (GM) thresholds and the introduction of new polymerase chain reaction-based diagnostic tests resulted in a further update by EORTC and Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium (MSGERC) in 2020.

Association of SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold (Ct) values with clinical course and serum biomarkers in COVID-19 patients.

Introduction: Our knowledge has gaps regarding severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) replication levels and its association to severity of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The aim of this study was to investigate the association of SARS-CoV-2 viral load with disease severity and serum biomarkers in COVID-19 patients.

Methodology: Viral load was determined via cycle threshold (Ct) values of SARS-CoV-2 real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 214 adult patients.

Prognostic factors for COVID-19 patients.

Introduction: Determining prognostic factors in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) can have great impact on treatment planning and follow-up strategies. Herein, we aimed to evaluate prognostic factors and clinical scores for confirmed COVID-19 patients in a tertiary-care hospital in the Bursa region of Turkey.

Methodology: Patients who had been diagnosed with COVID-19 microbiologically and/or radiologically between March and October 2020 in a tertiary-care university hospital were enrolled retrospectively.

The Age-Dependent Role of Th22, Tc22, and Tc17 Cells in the Severity of Pneumonia in COVID-19 Immunopathogenesis.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has clinical manifestations ranging from mild symptoms to respiratory failure, septic shock, and multi-organ failure. Lymphocytes are divided into different subtypes based on their cytokine production pattern. In this study, we investigated the role of cytokine expressions of CD4 T (T helper [Th]1, Th2, Th17, Th22) and CD8 T cell subtypes (T cytotoxic [Tc]1, Tc2, Tc17, Tc22) in the pathogenesis of COVID-19.

Healthcare-Associated Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Bacteraemia: Retrospective Evaluation of Treatment and Outcome.

Introduction (SM) is one of the common gram-negative pathogens that cause nosocomial infections. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the treatment and outcome of SM bacteraemia. Materials and Methods We retrospectively evaluated antimicrobial treatment in adult patients with nosocomial SM bacteraemia, with the 14th and 30th-day mortality as the outcome.

Conventional Amphotericin B Associated Nephrotoxicity in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies.

Introduction:  Amphotericin B (AmB-d) is one of the most effective therapeutic options against frequently life-threatening systemic fungal infections in patients with hematologic malignancies. However, significant adverse effects including nephrotoxicity associated with its use limit its more widespread use. The objectives of our study were to determine the incidence of AmB-d associated nephrotoxicity, to evaluate clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients, and to support the notion that conventional amphotericin B remains a valid therapeutic option among hematologic patients with proper patient selection.

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci infection and predisposing factors for infection and mortality in patients with acute leukaemia and febrile neutropenia.

Background: Vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE) is an infectious agent that can increase morbidity and mortality, especially in patients with neutropenia in haematology departments. We analysed VRE infections and mortality rates among VRE colonized patients with acute leukaemia, defined predisposing risk factors for infection and mortality, and investigated the influence of daptomycin or linezolid treatment on mortality.

Patients-methods: We included 200 VRE colonized adult acute leukaemia patients with febrile neutropenia between January 2010 and January 2016.

Temporal Trends in the Epidemiology of HIV in Turkey.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the temporal trends of HIV epidemiology in Turkey from 2011 to 2016.

Methods: Thirty-four teams from 28 centers at 17 different cities participated in this retrospective study. Participating centers were asked to complete a structured form containing questions about epidemiologic, demographic and clinical characteristics of patients presented with new HIV diagnosis between 2011 and 2016.

The Outcome of Antifungal Prophylaxis with Posaconazole in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Single-Center Study.

Objective: Invasive fungal infections (IFIs) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among neutropenic patients undergoing chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and stem cell transplantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the real-life impact of posaconazole prophylaxis.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-four adult patients were included with AML under remission induction chemotherapy and posaconazole prophylaxis.

Central nervous system infections in the absence of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis.

Previous multicenter/multinational studies were evaluated to determine the frequency of the absence of cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis in patients with central nervous system infections, as well as the clinical impact of this condition. It was found that 18% of neurosyphilis, 7.9% of herpetic meningoencephalitis, 3% of tuberculous meningitis, 1.