Hypertonic saline infusion in traumatic brain injury increases the incidence of pulmonary infection.

We aimed to investigate the incidence of electrolyte abnormalities, acute kidney injury (AKI), deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and infections in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) treated with hypertonic saline (HTS) as osmolar therapy. We retrospectively studied 205 TBI patients, 96 with HTS and 109 without, admitted to the surgical/trauma intensive care unit between 2006 and 2012. Hemodynamics, electrolytes, length of stay (LOS), acute physiological assessment and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), injury severity scores (ISS) and mortality were tabulated.

Non-dilated obstructive uropathy - an unrecognized cause of acute renal failure in hospitalized US patients: three case reports seen over 6 months in a northwestern Wisconsin nephrology practice.

The syndrome of non-dilated obstructive uropathy (NDOU) and acute renal failure (ARF) is well reported. However, the literature suggests that this syndrome is rare, accounting for less than 5% of cases of urinary obstruction. Our recent experience with three cases of NDOU seen within a space of months implies otherwise.