Clinicopathologic Study of Sickle Cell-associated Kidney Disease: A Nigerian Experience.

Background: Improvements in sickle cell disease (SCD) care have resulted in the survival of many patients into adulthood, although this is accompanied by the increased incidence of end-organ damage, including chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Objectives: This study assessed the prevalence, pattern and predictors of renal dysfunction in SCD patients and investigated the associated renal histopathologic changes.

Methods: We evaluated 105 patients with SCD, for proteinuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and tubular dysfunction.

Histopathological pattern of primary bone tumours and tumour-like lesions in Ile-Ife, Nigeria.

Introduction: Bone tumours are relatively rare in comparison with neoplasms in other parts of the body. Previous studies have noted higher frequencies of these tumours in young adults with potentially devastating consequences.

Methods: This study aimed to demonstrate the histopathological pattern of primary bone tumours and tumour-like lesions in Ile-Ife, Nigeria with emphasis on relative frequencies and distribution according to age, sex and anatomical location.

Signet ring lymphoma: The import of immunohistochemistry in resolving diagnostic dilemmas.

Signet ring cell lymphomas are a rare subtype of non Hodgkin lymphoma characterised by malignant lymphoid cells with cytoplasmic inclusions that displace the nucleus and imparts a “signet ring” appearance. This poses a diagnostic challenge as it can be mistaken for an adenocarcinoma or any other epithelial malignancy. A 54yr old male presented with a 6month history of generalised lymphadenopathy.

Lymphomas in Ile-Ife, Nigeria: Immunohistochemical Characterization and Detection of Epstein-Barr virus Encoded RNA.

Background: The proper histopathological characterization of malignant lymphomas requires the use of immunohistochemistry along with other molecular pathology techniques.

Materials And Methods: Malignant lymphomas histologically diagnosed in our hospital were reclassified according to the WHO scheme using immunohistochemistry while in-situ hybridization was performed for the detection of Epstein-Barr virus encoded RNA.

Results: There were 83 cases of lymphoma.

Childhood idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome in Southwestern Nigeria.

Clinical charts of 23 Nigerian children diagnosed with idiopathic steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (iSRNS) between January 2001 and December 2007 were retrospectively reviewed to determine their clinicopathologic characteristics and outcome. iSRNS (54.8%) was primary in 19 patients (83%) and secondary in four (17%).

Quartan malaria-associated childhood nephrotic syndrome: now a rare clinical entity in malaria endemic Nigeria.

Background: The study determined (i) whether or not quartan malaria nephropathy (QMN) is still a major cause of childhood nephrotic syndrome (CNS) in Nigeria, (ii) secondary causes other than QMN and their associated glomerular pathology and (iii) renal and patient outcome.

Methods: The study was a prospective non-randomized study of consecutive cases of secondary CNS. Patients with idiopathic CNS were excluded.

Lymphoreticular diseases in Nigerians.

Background: The lymphoreticular system plays a major role in both the innate and adaptive immune responses. This study reviews retrospectively cases of lymphoreticular diseases seen at a tertiary institution in Nigeria.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study in which biopsies from the bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes and extranodal lymphoid tissues reported within a period of 16 years were reviewed with respect to age, sex and pathological diagnosis.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and nephrotic syndrome in a child with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma.

A case of nephrotic syndrome (NS) and acute renal failure (ARF) associated with embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) in a 10-year-old boy is reported. Ultrasound revealed irregular, echogenic, circumferential urinary bladder base mass, bilateral hydroureter and hydronephrosis. Histopathology of percutaneous renal and urethrocystoscopic biopsy specimens, respectively, revealed focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) and embryonal RMS.

Clinicopathology of childhood-onset renal systemic lupus erythematosus.

Aims: To determine the clinicolaboratory renal manifestations; glomerular, extra-glomerular histopathologic lesions; renal tubular dysfunction (RTD) frequency and outcome of a short-term renal follow up in Nigerian children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: A non-randomized prospective study of consecutive cases of childhood-onset SLE with nephropathy was conducted. Baseline/follow-up clinicolaboratory data were collected.

Hypertension, erythrocyturia and proteinuria in childhood non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Aim: The objectives were to determine the prevalence and outcome of hypertension, significant microerythrocyturia and proteinuria among children with acute renal failure (ARF) due to Burkitt-type non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (BNHL).

Methods: A retrospective analysis of clinical and laboratory data of children with BNHL/ARF was undertaken.

Results: Nine of 23 (39.

Autopsy diagnosis of endemic burkitt lymphoma as the primary etiology of acute renal failure in children.

Two cases of Burkitt lymphoma are reported who presented atypically with acute renal failure and significant proteinuria as initial features of the lymphoma. The cases underscore the need for high index of suspicion for Burkitt lymphoma in any child with rapidly enlarging kidneys and acute renal failure of obscured origin in parts of the world where Burkitt lymphoma is endemic.

Orofacial non-Hodgkins lymphoma in Nigerians.

Purpose: In this study, we sought to determine the occurrence of primary non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) in the oral and maxillofacial region among Nigerians.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively studied hospital records that included radiographs of all patients with a histopathologically confirmed diagnosis of NHL in the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria, between January 1992 and December 1997. Data were expressed as mean +/- SD or number (%).

Pediatric acute renal failure in southwestern Nigeria.

Background: Acute renal failure (ARF) was investigated to determine the prevalence of ARF clinical types, etiology, comorbidities, and outcome in Nigerian children.

Methods: Consecutive cases of ARF admitted from March, 1994 through February, 2003 were prospectively studied. Information were obtained concerning the following: age, gender, body surface area, early (within 48 hours of onset of ARF) or late (>48 hours of onset of ARF) presentation, admission duration, etiology, comorbidities, urine volume/day, dialysis need, reasons for considering dialysis, laboratory investigations, and outcome in each patient.

Non malignant peripheral lymphadenopathy in Nigerians.

Persistent peripheral lymphadenopathy (PL) not associated with malignancy or a focal lesion can pose a diagnostic and therapeutic problem. This study reports the pathological findings in the lymph nodes of 225 patients who presented with PL at the University Hospital, Ile-Ife, Nigeria within a period of ten years. Majority of the patients were male, with a male: female ratio of 1.