Effects of estrogen (17 beta-estradiol) and p-nonylphenol on the development of immune organs in male Japanese quail.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of estrogen and endocrine disrupters on the immune organs of Japanese quail. We used p-nonylphenol (NP) as a model endocrine disrupter. Birds were injected with 17 beta-estradiol (E2) in doses of 1, 0.