Rank-Ordered List of Cost-effective Strategies for Preventing Prosthetic Joint Infection in Total Joint Arthroplasty in an Academic US Hospital.

Although the overall rate of prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is low, it remains a major complication associated with total joint arthroplasty (TJA). PJI represents a significant economic burden to the health care system that is projected to increase commensurate with increasing joint replacement volumes. This review provides a rank-ordered list of cost-effective strategies that are performable intraoperatively and have data supporting their efficacy at preventing PJI after TJA.

Demystifying spasticity in primary care.

Objective: To raise awareness of spasticity in primary care and clarify how to identify, diagnose, and manage it effectively and efficiently in patients with pre-existing neurologic conditions.

Sources Of Information: PubMed was searched for articles published from 1970 to May 2018 using the terms and . Other relevant guidelines and resources were reviewed and used.

Degenerative cervical myelopathy: Diagnosis and management in primary care.

Objective: To raise awareness about degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) and to help family physicians identify, diagnose, and manage DCM more effectively.

Sources Of Information: A PubMed search was conducted for articles published between 1970 and October 2017, using the terms and with or .

Main Message: Owing to limited knowledge of DCM in primary care, along with the large variability of the disease, the diagnosis of DCM is often missed or delayed.

Differential effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on antiphase and inphase motor tasks: A pilot study.

Ageing is associated with a decline in motor function that critically interferes with activities of daily living involving manual dexterity. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that has been shown to enhance manual dexterity in healthy aging adults. The supplementary motor area (SMA) is involved in motor preparation and bimanual control; therefore, bihemispheric tDCS incorporating the SMA may preferentially enhance bimanual motor movements in healthy older adults.

1H MR spectroscopy of the motor cortex immediately following transcranial direct current stimulation at 7 Tesla.

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a form of non-invasive brain stimulation that may modulate cortical excitability, metabolite concentration, and human behaviour. The supplementary motor area (SMA) has been largely ignored as a potential target for tDCS neurorehabilitation but is an important region in motor compensation after brain injury with strong efferent connections to the primary motor cortex (M1). The objective of this work was to measure tissue metabolite changes in the human motor cortex immediately following tDCS.

Motor network recovery in patients with chronic spinal cord compression: a longitudinal study following decompression surgery.

OBJECTIVE The authors used functional MRI to assess cortical reorganization of the motor network after chronic spinal cord compression and to characterize the plasticity that occurs following surgical intervention. METHODS A 3-T MRI scanner was used to acquire functional images of the brain in 22 patients with reversible cervical spinal cord compression and 10 control subjects. Controls performed a finger-tapping task on 3 different occasions (baseline, 6-week follow-up, and 6-month follow-up), whereas patients performed the identical task before surgery and again 6 weeks and 6 months after spinal decompression surgery.

Using Perovskite Nanoparticles as Halide Reservoirs in Catalysis and as Spectrochemical Probes of Ions in Solution.

The ability of cesium lead halide (CsPbX3; X = Cl(-), Br(-), I(-)) perovskite nanoparticles (P-NPs) to participate in halide exchange reactions, to catalyze Finkelstein organohalide substitution reactions, and to colorimetrically monitor chemical reactions and detect anions in real time is described. With the use of tetraoctylammonium halide salts as a starting point, halide exchange with the P-NPs was performed to calibrate reactivity, stability, and extent of ion exchange. The exchange of CsPbI3 with Cl(-) or Br(-) causes a significant blue-shift in absorption and photoluminescence, whereas reacting I(-) with CsPbBr3 causes a red-shift of similar magnitudes.