Factors associated with the use of regional anesthesia for calcaneal osteotomy in pediatric patients: A single-center, retrospective cohort study.

Background: Despite known disparities in pediatric perioperative outcomes, few studies have examined factors associated with the use of regional anesthesia for pediatric orthopedic surgery.

Aims: This investigation aimed to determine if minority and developmental disability status were associated with the allocation of peripheral nerve blocks in calcaneal osteotomy.

Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective study of records of patients <18 years who underwent calcaneal osteotomy from 2013 to 2022.

Review of Ultrasound-Guided Procedures in the Management of Chronic Pain.

This article summarizes clinical expert recommendations and findings for the application of ultrasound-guided procedures in chronic pain management. Data on analgesic outcomes and adverse effects were collected and analyzed and are reported in this narrative review. Ultrasound guidance offers opportunities for the treatment of pain, with focus in this article on greater occipital nerve, trigeminal nerves, sphenopalatine ganglion, stellate ganglion, suprascapular nerve, median nerve, radial nerve, ulnar nerve, transverse abdominal plane block, quadratus lumborum, rectus sheath, anterior cutaneous abdominal nerves, pectoralis and serratus plane, erector spinae plane, illioinguinal/iliohypogastric/genitofemoral nerve, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, genicular nerve, and foot and ankle nerves.

Scaphoid Malunion: Incidence, Predictors, and Outcomes.

 Scaphoid malunion is rarely reported. Previous literature has attributed loss of carpal height and degenerative changes to scaphoid malunion, but the percentage of asymptomatic malunions remains unknown.  The authors of this study aim to define predictors of malunion and outcomes associated with scaphoid malunion.

Association of Severe Obesity and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease With Pneumonia Following Non-Cardiac Surgery.

Background: Pneumonia is the third most common surgical complication after urinary tract infection and wound infections. In addition to increased mortality, patients who develop postoperative pneumonia have a higher risk of prolonged hospital stay, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and higher healthcare costs. Obesity and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are both independent risk factors for the development and severity of postoperative pneumonia, although the combined effect of these comorbidities is unknown.

Drilling the cement mantle in well-fixed periprosthetic femur fractures is not associated with arthroplasty-related complications.

Objective: To determine if screw fixation across a cement mantle is safe and effective during plate fixation of well-fixed periprosthetic femur fractures.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic Level I Trauma Center.

Countersinking the Lag Screw or Blade During Cephalomedullary Nailing of Geriatric Intertrochanteric Femur Fractures: Less Collapse and Implant Prominence Without Increased Cutout Rates.

Introduction: The lag screw or helical blade of a cephalomedullary nail facilitates controlled collapse of intertrochanteric proximal femur fractures. However, excessive collapse results in decreased hip offset and symptomatic lateral implants. Countersinking the screw or helical blade past the lateral cortex may minimize subsequent prominence, but some surgeons are concerned that this will prevent collapse and result in failure through cutout.

Impact of policy-based and institutional interventions on postoperative opioid prescribing practices.

Background: We assessed the impact of policy-based and institutional interventions to limit postoperative opioid prescribing.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent laparoscopic/open appendectomies, laparoscopic/open cholecystectomies, and laparoscopic/open inguinal hernia repair during a 6-month interval in 2018 (control), 2019 (post-policy intervention), and 2020 (post-institutional intervention) to assess changes in postoperative opioid prescribing patterns. A survey was collected for the 2020 cohort.

Cephalomedullary helical blade is independently associated with less collapse in intertrochanteric femur fractures than lag screws.

Objectives: Excessive fracture site collapse and shortening in intertrochanteric femur fractures alter hip biomechanics and patient outcomes. The purpose of the study was to compare extent of collapse in cephalomedullary nails with blades or lag screws. We hypothesized that there would be no difference in collapse between helical blades and lag screws.

Pill Ingestion and Caustic Laryngeal Injury.

Objective: To highlight an unusual mechanism of laryngeal injury.

Methods: Case report and literature review.

Results: A 66-year-old male ingested an over-the-counter preparation of bile acids as a dietary supplement.

Perioperative aspiration events in children: A report from the Wake Up Safe Collaborative.

Background: Perioperative aspiration, while rare, is a serious complication of anesthetic care. Consequences of aspiration may include physical obstruction, wheezing, and pneumonia, resulting in mild to severe hypoxemia and even death.

Aim: We used a multi-institutional registry of pediatric patients to identify factors that influence the rate and resulting harm of perioperative pulmonary aspiration.

Sugammadex for Reversal of Neuromuscular Blockade in a Patient With Renal Failure.

Residual neuromuscular blockade following the use of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) can lead to postoperative respiratory complications, including oxygen desaturation, atelectasis, and pneumonia. Sugammadex rapidly reverses steroidal NMBAs by encapsulating them in a highly stable water-soluble complex. This NMBA-sugammadex complex then undergoes renal elimination.

Hyperphosphorylation of CDH1 in Glioblastoma Cancer Stem Cells Attenuates APC/C Activity and Pharmacologic Inhibition of APC/C Compromises Viability.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and lethal primary brain tumor and remains incurable. This is in part due to the cellular heterogeneity within these tumors, which includes a subpopulation of treatment-resistant cells called cancer stem-like cells (CSC). We previously identified that the anaphase-promoting complex/cylosome (APC/C), a key cell-cycle regulator and tumor suppressor, had attenuated ligase activity in CSCs.