Persistent effects of Libby amphibole and amosite asbestos following subchronic inhalation in rats.

Background: Human exposure to Libby amphibole (LA) asbestos increases risk of lung cancer, mesothelioma, and non-malignant respiratory disease. This study evaluated potency and time-course effects of LA and positive control amosite (AM) asbestos fibers in male F344 rats following nose-only inhalation exposure.

Methods: Rats were exposed to air, LA (0.

What factors affect medication-storage practice among patients on methadone maintenance treatment?

Objectives: Medication storage in patients' homes is an important safety issue. Safe storage of methadone oral solution is of particular concern. Previous studies have suggested that only about half of patients store methadone appropriately.

What factors affect medication-storage practice among patients on methadone maintenance treatment?

Objectives: Medication storage in patients' homes is an important safety issue. Safe storage of methadone oral solution is of particular concern. Previous studies have suggested that only about half of patients store methadone appropriately.

An integrated mental health clinical rotation.

The most common site for accessing mental health care is the primary care setting. Yet, primary care nurses are not adequately prepared to treat the complex mental health needs of these patients. Similarly, providers in segregated mental health sites do not adequately address physical health needs.

Community perceptions of mental health needs in an underserved minority neighborhood.

Accurate information is needed to facilitate health equity in underserved communities. This community-based participatory study asked residents about the meaning of mental health, their perceptions of community mental health needs, barriers to accessing mental health care, and acceptability of mental health services that are integrated in primary health clinics. Forty-five primarily African-American residents from urban communities participated in focus groups.

Genotoxicity of intermittent co-exposure to benzene and toluene in male CD-1 mice.

Benzene is an important industrial chemical. At certain levels, benzene has been found to produce aplastic anemia, pancytopenia, myeloblastic anemia and genotoxic effects in humans. Metabolism by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and myeloperoxidase to hydroquinone, phenol, and other metabolites contributes to benzene toxicity.

Interprofessional ambulatory primary care practice-based educational program.

Although interprofessional teamwork and collaboration are considered key elements for improving patient outcomes, there are few reports of controlled studies involving interprofessional training of health care learners in the ambulatory primary care setting. We describe an educational program for teams of nurse practitioners, family medicine residents and social work students to work together at clinical sites in the delivery of longitudinal care in primary care ambulatory clinics. Year 1 was a planning year.

Nurse-academics' mentorship: rhetoric or reality?

Mentorship is generally identified in nursing literature as a positive strategy, and one that is said to be beneficial in increasing scholarly productivity. However, previous studies investigating the relationship of mentoring to scholarly productivity have produced equivocal findings. This relationship was examined as part of a study that considered constraints and/or facilitators of scholarly productivity among nurse academics.

Incorporation of tissue reaction kinetics in a computational fluid dynamics model for nasal extraction of inhaled hydrogen sulfide in rats.

Rodents exposed to hydrogen sulfide (H2S) develop olfactory neuronal loss. This lesion has been used by the risk assessment community to develop occupational and environmental exposure standards. A correlation between lesion locations and areas of high H2S flux to airway walls has been previously demonstrated, but a quantitative dose assessment is needed to extrapolate dose at lesion sites to humans.

A millennial benchmark of nurse-academics' scholarly productivity.

The benchmark against which nurse-academics are primarily judged remains scholarly productivity. This study sought to examine levels of scholarly productivity amongst Australian nurse academics: where they are putting their emphasis, and what progress they are making. This quantitative study used a questionnaire survey technique that identified individual items of scholarship over a two-year period.

Nurse-academics' scholarly productivity: perceived frames and facilitators.

The reward system within Universities remains focused on research, with a benchmark of scholarly productivity, especially in relation to promotion. Despite their relative newness to the tertiary system, nurse academics are judged by the same standards as other disciplines. This study sought to examine factors that constrained and/or facilitated scholarly productivity.

The interrater reliability among physical therapists newly trained in a classification system for acute low back pain.

Study Design: A prospective methodological interrater reliability study.

Objectives: To calculate the interrater reliability among clinicians newly trained in a classification system for acute low back pain and to determine the level of agreement at key junctures within the classification algorithm.

Background: The utility of a classification system for patients with low back pain depends on its reliability and generalizability.

Pharmacy customers' views and experiences of using pharmacies which provide drug misuse services.

This study aimed to determine whether pharmacy customers are deterred from using a pharmacy that offers services to drug misusers. If patients are deterred, what are their specific concerns? The study was qualitative and three different groups were interviewed about their views on pharmacies providing services to drug misusers (i) pharmacy customers, (ii) local community councils and (iii) local drug forums. This paper focuses on pharmacy customer interview results.

A comprehensive system of pharmaceutical care for drug misusers.

This article outlines the evolution of a community pharmacy-based supervised consumption of methadone program in Grater Glasgow. The formalization of this program in 1994 promoted full patient compliance with the methadone regimen and reduced seepage of the drug to the illicit market. 184 of the area's 215 community pharmacies now dispense methadone for the treatment of opiate dependence.

Genetic susceptibility to benzene-induced toxicity: role of NADPH: quinone oxidoreductase-1.

Enzymes that activate and detoxify benzene are likely genetic determinants of benzene-induced toxicity.NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) detoxifies benzoquinones, proposed toxic metabolites of benzene. NQO1 deficiency in humans is associated with an increased risk of leukemia, specifically acute myelogenous leukemia, and benzene poisoning.

At the millennium: a slice of scholarship.

Scholarly output is the standard by which academics are judged; in particular journal articles. This study aimed to examine the scholarly output of nursing academics over a two-year period, and to establish benchmark data for future longitudinal comparisons. Journal articles were used as the unit of analysis.

Scholarly productivity: are nurse academics catching up?

The aim of this study was to document the amount of recent change in Australian nurse academics' scholarly productivity and to investigate the influence of demographic factors such as gender, academic rank, qualifications, increase in qualifications, state of residence, university and university size. Scholarly productivity was calculated from an audit of journal articles. The findings of this study indicate that, while there has been a slight increase in scholarly productivity in the last five years, nursing still lags behind other disciplines.

Olfactory transport: a direct route of delivery of inhaled manganese phosphate to the rat brain.

Experiments examining the dosimetry of inhaled manganese generally focus on pulmonary deposition and subsequent delivery of manganese in arterial blood to the brain. Growing evidence suggests that nasal deposition and transport along olfactory neurons represents another route by which inhaled manganese is delivered to certain regions of the rat brain. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the olfactory uptake and direct brain delivery of inhaled manganese phosphate ((54)MnHPO(4)).

Over a decade of syringe exchange: results from 1997 UK survey.

Aims: To describe syringe exchange provision in the United Kingdom.

Design: Two-phase cross-sectional survey: phase I, establishing a sampling frame of syringe exchange coordinators (n=420); phase II, surveying the coordinators seeking data on the number of syringe exchange outlets, visits and syringes distributed during April 1997 (68% response rate).

Setting: United Kingdom.

From apprentices to academics: are nurses catching up?

In comparison to other disciplines, Australian nursing has only come relatively lately to academia. Traditionally, academic qualifications were not viewed as necessary for nurses. The movement of nursing education to the tertiary sector has seen many changes from the traditional apprenticeship model and the characteristics of nurse-academics reflect these.