Bioactive Potential of Chitosan-Oleic Acid Nanoparticles Loaded with Lemon Peel Essential Oil for Topical Treatment of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis.

The rising incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) has been leading to the development of alternative antifungal therapies. This study aimed to develop a topical chitosan-oleic acid nanoparticle (CH-OA-NP) cream loaded with lemon peel essential oil (LPEO) for VVC treatment. The characterization of the optimal nanoparticle formulation (F4: 10 g/L CH, 2:1 OA/LPEO ratio) showed high encapsulation efficiency, stability, and controlled release.

Cyclophosphamide-induced testicular injury: the role of chrysin in mitigating iron overload and ferroptosis.

This study evaluated the beneficial effects of chrysin against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced testicular toxicity in rats across several parameters, including hormones, oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and protein expression. Rats were pretreated with oral doses of chrysin at 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg daily for 7 days. On the 8th day, all groups except controls received CP (200 mg/kg) injection.

Therapeutic impact of a benzofuran derivative on Aluminium chloride-induced Alzheimer's disease-like neurotoxicity in rats via modulating apoptotic and Insulin 1 genes.

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) are age-related and are fatal in advanced cases. There is a limited efficacy of drugs used for the management of these diseases. Herein, the neurotherapeutic efficacy of a benzofuran-derivative-7 (BF-7) was investigated.

Melatonin mitigates vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy by inhibiting TNF-α/astrocytes/microglial cells activation in the spinal cord of rats, while preserving vincristine's chemotherapeutic efficacy in lymphoma cells.

Vincristine (VCR), an anti-tubulin chemotherapy agent, is known to cause peripheral and central nerve damage, inducing severe chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN). Although melatonin has been recently recognized for its potential anti-neuropathic effects, its efficacy in countering VCR-induced neuropathy remains unclear. This study examines the neuroprotective potential of melatonin against VCR-induced neuropathy using a rat model.

UPLC/HR-ESI-MS/MS and GC/MS profiling of Eriobotrya japonica L. fruit in correlation to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-arthritic effects.

Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. (Loquat) fruit is a subtropical edible fruit originally from China. It grows well in Egypt, but it is not widely known.

Mechanistic insight into the hepatoprotective effect of Lam leaf extract and telmisartan against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver fibrosis: plausible roles of TGF-β1/SMAD3/SMAD7 and HDAC2/NF-κB/PPARγ pathways.

The increasing prevalence and limited therapeutic options for liver fibrosis necessitates more medical attention. Our study aims to investigate the potential molecular targets by which Lam leaf extract (Mor) and/or telmisartan (Telm) alleviate carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis in rats. Liver fibrosis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by intraperitoneal injection of 50% CCl4 (1 ml/kg) every 72 hours, for 8 weeks.

Benzimidazole-oxindole hybrids as multi-kinase inhibitors targeting melanoma.

In the current study, a series of benzimidazole-oxindole conjugates 8a-t were designed and synthesized as type II multi-kinase inhibitors. They exhibited moderate to potent inhibitory activity against BRAF up to 99.61 % at 10 µM.

Demotion of canonical/non-canonical inflammasome and pyroptosis alleviates ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury: Novel role of the D2/D3 receptor agonist ropinirole.

Ropinirole used to treat Parkinson's disease highly targets the dopaminergic receptor D3 over the D2 receptor but although both are expressed in the kidneys the ropinirole potential to treat kidney injury provoked by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is undraped. We investigated whether ropinirole can alleviate renal I/R by studying its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-pyroptotic effects targeting its aptitude to inhibit the High-mobility group box 1/Toll-like receptor 4/Nuclear factor-kappa B (HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB) cue and the canonical/non-canonical NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome trajectories. Herein, bilateral I/R surgery was induced in animals to be either untreated or treated with ropinirole for three days after the insult.

The preferential effect of Clemastine on F3/Contactin-1/Notch-1 compared to Jagged-1/Notch-1 justifies its remyelinating effect in an experimental model of multiple sclerosis in rats.

Clemastine (CLM) is repurposed to enhance remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. CLM blocks histamine and muscarinic receptors as negative regulators to oligodendrocyte differentiation. These receptors are linked to the canonical and non-canonical Notch-1 signaling via specific ligands; Jagged-1 and F3/Contactin-1, respectively.

Expression of concern: The anti-Alzheimer potential of : an investigation supported by and approaches.

Expression of concern for 'The anti-Alzheimer potential of : an investigation supported by and approaches' by Abeer H. Elmaidomy , , 2022, , 11769-11785, https://doi.org/10.

Preclinical Evidence for the Role of the Yin/Yang Angiotensin System Components in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Therapeutic Target of Astaxanthin.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) prevalence is emerging with an unclear etiology, hindering effective therapeutic interventions. Recent studies suggest potential renin-angiotensin system (RAS) alterations in different neurological pathologies. However, its implications in ASD are unexplored.

The hepato- and neuroprotective effect of gold Casuarina equisetifolia bark nano-extract against Chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity in rats.

Background: The bark of Casuarina equisetifolia contains several active phytoconstituents that are suitable for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs). These nanoparticles were subsequently evaluated for their effectiveness in reducing the toxicity induced by Chlorpyrifos (CPF) in rats.

Results: Various hematological and biochemical measurements were conducted in this study.

Antiarthritic activity of Physalis peruviana fruit extract via inhibition of inflammatory mediators: Integrated in vitro, in vivo and in silico study.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: P. peruviana fruit, native to Andean region, is cultivated worldwide for its adaptability to various soil natures and climatic conditions. It is increasingly consumed for its high nutritional profile and history of ethnomedical uses including treatment of arthritis.

Mirabegron, dependent on β3-adrenergic receptor, alleviates mercuric chloride-induced kidney injury by reversing the impact on the inflammatory network, M1/M2 macrophages, and claudin-2.

The β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) agonism mirabegron is used to treat overactive urinary bladder syndrome; however, its role against acute kidney injury (AKI) is not unveiled, hence, we aim to repurpose mirabegron in the treatment of mercuric chloride (HgCl)-induced AKI. Rats were allocated into normal, normal + mirabegron, HgCl untreated, HgCl + mirabegron, and HgCl + the β3-AR blocker SR59230A + mirabegron. The latter increased the mRNA of β3-AR and miR-127 besides downregulating NF-κB p65 protein expression and the contents of its downstream targets iNOS, IL-4, -13, and -17 but increased that of IL-10 to attest its anti-inflammatory capacity.

Comprehensive phytochemical characterization of Persea americana Mill. fruit via UPLC/HR-ESI-MS/MS and anti-arthritic evaluation using adjuvant-induced arthritis model.

Persea americana Mill. (avocado fruit) has many health benefits when added to our diet due to various pharmacological activities, such as preventing bone loss and inflammation, modulating immune response and acting as an antioxidant. In the current study, the total ethanol extract (TEE) of the fruit was investigated for in vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity via DPPH and cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibition.

Prunetin in a GPR30-dependent manner mitigates renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats via interrupting indoxyl sulfate/TLR4/TRIF, RIPK1/RIPK3/MLKL, and RIPK3/PGAM5/DRP-1 crosstalk.

The potential health benefits of phytochemicals in preventing and treating diseases have gained increasing attention. Here, we proved that the methylated isoflavone prunetin possesses a reno-therapeutic effect against renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) insult by activating G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30). After choosing the therapeutic dose of prunetin against renal I/R injury in the pilot study, male Sprague Dawley rats were allocated into 5 groups; viz.

Avian sarcoma/leukosis virus (RCAS)-mediated over-expression of IFITM3 protects chicks from highly pathogenic avian influenza virus subtype H5N1.

Broad-spectrum antiviral activities of interferon-induced transmembrane proteins (IFITMs) are primarily attributed to in vitro inhibition of viral entry. Here, we used an avian sarcoma-leukosis virus (RCAS)-based gene transfer system and successfully generated chicks that constitutively express chicken IFITM3 (chIFITM3). The chIFITM3-overexpressing chicks showed significant protection and disease tolerance against highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 (Clade 2.

Unleashing lactoferrin's antidepressant potential through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in chronic restraint stress rats.

Depression is a widespread neuropsychiatric illness whose etiology is yet mysterious. Lactoferrin (LF), an iron-binding glycoprotein, is reported to promote neuroprotection through its role in the modulation of oxidative stress and inflammation. The objective of the present research was to evaluate the efficacy of LF against chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced depressive behavior in rats.

Discovery of novel benzofuran-based derivatives as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease: Design, synthesis, biological evaluation, molecular docking and 3D-QSAR investigation.

A series of novel benzofuran-based compounds 7a-s were designed, synthesized, and investigated in vitro as acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). Compounds 7c and 7e displayed promising inhibitory activity with IC values of 0.058 and 0.

Modulating miR-146a Expression by Hydrogen Sulfide Ameliorates Motor Dysfunction and Axonal Demyelination in Cuprizone-Induced Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neuro-inflammatory and neuro-autoimmune disease. Although hydrogen sulfide has recently shown potential therapeutic impacts in different neurological diseases, its effects on MS are still obscure. MiR-146a is considered a vital target for different therapeutic approaches in treating MS.

Suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome by ivermectin ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis.

Ivermectin is a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved antiparasitic agent with antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties. Although recent studies reported the possible anti-inflammatory activity of ivermectin in respiratory injuries, its potential therapeutic effect on pulmonary fibrosis (PF) has not been investigated. This study aimed to explore the ability of ivermectin (0.

Galantamine mitigates testicular injury and disturbed spermatogenesis in adjuvant arthritic rats via modulating apoptosis, inflammatory signals, and IL-6/JAK/STAT3/SOCS3 signaling.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) affects the joints and the endocrine system via persistent immune system activation. RA patients have a higher frequency of testicular dysfunction, impotence, and decreased libido. This investigation aimed to evaluate the efficacy of galantamine (GAL) on testicular injury secondary to RA.

Genistein and/or sulfasalazine ameliorate acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via modulating INF-γ/JAK1/STAT1/IRF-1, TLR-4/NF-κB/IL-6, and JAK2/STAT3/COX-2 crosstalk.

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) is a chronic idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease in which the colon's lining becomes inflamed. Exploring herbal remedies that can recover mucosal damage is becoming popular in UC. The study aims to investigate the probable colo-protective effect of a natural isoflavone, genistein (GEN), and/or a drug, sulfasalazine (SZ), against acetic acid (AA)-induced UC in rats, in addition to exploring the possible underlying mechanisms.

Anti-Alzheimer activity of new coumarin-based derivatives targeting acetylcholinesterase inhibition.

New 2-oxo-chromene-7-oxymethylene acetohydrazide derivatives 4a-d were designed and synthesized with a variety of bioactive chemical fragments. The newly synthesized compounds were evaluated as acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors and antioxidant agents in comparison to donepezil and ascorbic acid, respectively. Compound 4c exhibited a promising inhibitory impact with an IC value of 0.