Preoperative OCT Characteristics Contributing to Prediction of Postoperative Visual Acuity in Eyes with Macular Hole.

To develop a machine learning logistic regression algorithm that can classify patients with an idiopathic macular hole (IMH) into those with good or poor vison at 6 months after a vitrectomy. In addition, to determine its accuracy and the contribution of the preoperative OCT characteristics to the algorithm. This was a single-center, cohort study.

Predicting postoperative visual acuity in epiretinal membrane patients and visualization of the contribution of explanatory variables in a machine learning model.

Background: The purpose of this study was to develop a model that can predict the postoperative visual acuity in eyes that had undergone vitrectomy for an epiretinal membrane (ERM). The Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM) was used to evaluate the accuracy of the prediction and the contribution of the explanatory variables. Two models were designed to predict the postoperative visual acuity in 67 ERM patients.

Enhancing Feature Detection and Matching in Low-Pixel-Resolution Hyperspectral Images Using 3D Convolution-Based Siamese Networks.

Today, hyperspectral imaging plays an integral part in the remote sensing and precision agriculture field. Identifying the matching key points between hyperspectral images is an important step in tasks such as image registration, localization, object recognition, and object tracking. Low-pixel resolution hyperspectral imaging is a recent introduction to the field, bringing benefits such as lower cost and form factor compared to traditional systems.

Oncological Impact of the Level of Inferior Mesenteric Artery Ligation in Low Rectal Cancer Surgery.

Background/aim: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical impact of the level of inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) ligation in patients with advanced low rectal cancer.

Patients And Methods: All enrolled patients (n=350) underwent curative resection of rectal cancer with D3 lymph node dissection, with either IMA (high-tie) or superior rectal artery (SRA) (low-tie) ligation.

Results: There were 27 and 65 patients in the high-tie and low-tie groups, respectively.

Which Explanatory Variables Contribute to the Classification of Good Visual Acuity over Time in Patients with Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion with Macular Edema Using Machine Learning?

This study's goal is to determine the accuracy of a linear classifier that predicts the prognosis of patients with macular edema (ME) due to a branch retinal vein occlusion during the maintenance phase of antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy. The classifier was created using the clinical information and optical coherence tomographic (OCT) findings obtained up to the time of the first resolution of ME. In total, 66 eyes of 66 patients received an initial intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF followed by repeated injections with the pro re nata (PRN) regimen for 12 months.

A phase II multicenter trial assessing the efficacy and safety of first-line S-1 + ramucirumab in elderly patients with advanced/recurrent gastric cancer: KSCC1701.

Background: The mainstream first-line chemotherapy for advanced/recurrent gastric cancer (ARGC) is combination therapy including platinum-based agents. With the progressive aging of the society, the incidence of gastric cancer in elderly patients is increasing. However, elderly patients cannot tolerate these agents because of renal dysfunction or low quality of life.

The skill qualification system for portal hypertension in Japan.

Objectives: The diverse treatments available for portal hypertension require specialized knowledge of hemodynamics and include endoscopic treatments, interventional radiology (IVR), and surgery. The Japan Society for Portal Hypertension has developed the skill qualification system (SQS) for portal hypertension and began examination in 2014. Here, the status and validity of the judgment of the SQS examination were evaluated.

Classification of good visual acuity over time in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema using support vector machine.

Purpose: To identify the eyes with macular edema (ME) due to a branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) that have good visual acuity during the continuous anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) treatment based on the patients' clinical information and optical coherence tomography (OCT) images by using machine learning.

Methods: Sixty-six eyes of 66 patients received 1 anti-VEGF injection followed by repeated injections in the pro re nata (PRN) regimen for 12 months. The patients were divided into two groups: those with and those without good vision during the 1-year experimental period.

Palonosetron versus Granisetron in Combination with Aprepitant and Dexamethasone for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting after Moderately Emetogenic Chemotherapy: A Single-Institutional Retrospective Cohort Study.

The triplet antiemetic regimen is administered to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) after moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC). However, the superiority of palonosetron over first-generation 5-hydroxytryptamine-3 receptor antagonists in triplet antiemetic therapy remains unclear. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of palonosetron (PALO) and granisetron (GRA) in triplet antiemetic therapy for CINV.

Autonomous Spiral Motion by a Small-Type Robot on an Obstacle-Available Surface.

Several robot-related studies have been conducted in recent years; however, studies on the autonomous travel of small mobile robots in small spaces are lacking. In this study, we investigate the development of autonomous travel for small robots that need to travel and cover the entire smooth surface, such as those employed for cleaning tables or solar panels. We consider an obstacle-available surface and target this travel on it by proposing a spiral motion method.

Trifluridine/tipiracil plus bevacizumab as a first-line treatment for elderly patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (KSCC1602): A multicenter phase II trial.

Background: A previous Phase I/II study demonstrated that TAS-102 (trifluridine/tipiracil [FTD/TPI]) plus bevacizumab (Bev) has encouraging efficacy and controllable safety for patients with previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer. Therefore, we designed for assessing the efficacy and safety of FTD/TPI plus Bev in elderly patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer.

Methods: This is a multicenter, single-arm Phase II study included patients ≥70 years old with previously untreated, unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer.

Safety and efficacy of S-1 plus oxaliplatin 130 mg/m combination therapy in patients with previously untreated HER2-negative unresectable, advanced, or recurrent gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer: a phase II trial (KSCC1501A).

Background: In a randomized pivotal global phase III study, S-1 and oxaliplatin 100 mg/m (SOX100) combination chemotherapy was as effective as S-1 and cisplatin for advanced gastric cancer (AGC) and showed a favorable safety profile. In this phase II study, we analyzed survival outcomes to assess the efficacy and safety of the SOX regimen with oxaliplatin 130 mg/m (SOX130) in AGC.

Methods: Patients with HER2-negative AGC received 80 mg/m/day S-1 orally on days 1-14 and 130 mg/m oxaliplatin intravenously on day 1 of each 21-day cycle until the criteria for treatment withdrawal were fulfilled.

Successful hybrid surgery for ileal conduit stomal varices following oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in a patient with advanced colorectal cancer.

Background: Ectopic variceal bleeding is a rare but life-threatening complication of portal hypertension (PH). Oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy for colorectal cancer (CRC) is associated with sinusoidal obstruction syndrome of the liver, which can lead to PH.

Case Presentation: Here, we report a successful hybrid surgery that included intraoperative obliteration of ileal conduit stomal varices (ICSVs) for a 66-year-old woman with CRC and liver metastasis that had been treated multimodally during the previous 4 years, including 17 courses of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy.

Multimodal approach to portal hypertension and gastric varices before hepatic resection for hepatocellular carcinoma: a case report.

Background: Liver cirrhosis occurs in approximately 80-90% of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and hepatic resection may be dangerous because of well-documented liver cirrhosis, which may be accompanied by portal hypertension (PH). Here we report a patient with advanced HCC with gastric varices and PH who experienced a good clinical course after undergoing balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (BRTO), percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization (PTPE), hand-assisted laparoscopic (HALS) splenectomy, and right lobectomy of the liver.

Case Presentation: A 72-year-old man had two HCCs with gastric varices.

A phase I/II study of S-1 and irinotecan (IRIS) combined with cetuximab in patients with RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer (KSCC1401).

Purpose: This study was designed to assess the tolerability, efficacy, and safety of tri-weekly irinotecan plus S-1 (IRIS) and weekly cetuximab in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Methods: The main eligibility criteria were RAS wild-type mCRC with no prior chemotherapy. S-1 was given orally at a dose of 40 mg/m (40-60 mg) twice for 2 weeks, followed by a 1-week rest.

Cuffless Blood Pressure Estimation from only the Waveform of Photoplethysmography using CNN.

Although the pulse transit time is generally used for blood pressure estimation without a cuff, a method of estimating blood pressure only from photoplethysmography (PPG) based on the relationship between pulse waveform and blood pressure has been studied. This can eliminate the need for an electrocardiogram and allow more continuous and simpler blood pressure measurement. Previous studies have proposed methods of machine learning by extracting features such as wave height and time difference, or generating features with an auto-encoder.

Sarcopenia discriminates poor prognosis in elderly patients following emergency surgery for perforation panperitonitis.

Aim: Sarcopenia has been reported as a prognostic predictor in various conditions; however, it has not been examined in patients with perforation panperitonitis.

Methods: A total of 103 consecutive patients with perforation panperitonitis who underwent emergency surgery from 2008 to 2016 were retrospectively evaluated. Skeletal muscle index (SMI) was measured as the cross-sectional area (cm) of skeletal muscle in the L3 region on computed tomography images normalized for height (cm/m).