The Role of Noncoding RNAs in the Prognosis and Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer: An Emerging Biomarker.

Colorectal cancer has become the leading cause of death worldwide, and it is the second most common cancer in women and the third most common cancer in men. Accumulating evidence suggests that genetic and epigenetic factors play a key role in the development of colorectal cancer. Cancer Stem Cells (CSC) play an important role in the suppression or development of cancer in various conditions.

Plasma hydrogen sulphide does not predict severity of acute pancreatitis in humans.

The primary aim of this study was to assess the usefulness of plasma hydrogen sulphide (HS) level at admission as a predictor of severity of acute pancreatitis. The secondary aims were to examine whether the level of HS after 48 h correlated with severity and whether level of HS correlated with pulmonary, renal or infectious complications. Plasma hydrogen sulphide was measured within 24 h of admission and 48 h later, in patients with acute pancreatitis.

Aberrant Niche Signaling in the Etiopathogenesis of Ulcerative Colitis.

Background: Primary colonic epithelial defects leading to inflammatory responses are considered central to the development of ulcerative colitis (UC). However, a systematic analysis of various colonic subcompartments in the pathogenesis of UC before inflammation remains elusive. Here, we explored changes in colonic subcompartments and their associated niche signals in patient mucosal biopsies and in an animal model of colitis.

Acute liver injury induced by low dose dimethylnitrosamine alters mediators of hepatic vascular flow.

Alterations in liver vascular tone play an important role in chronic liver disease. The hepatic stellate cell (HSC) and mediators such as nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (HS) have been implicated in regulation of vascular tone and intra-hepatic pressure. Though these have been studied in chronic liver damage, changes in response to acute liver injury induced by hepatotoxins such as dimethyl nitrosamine are not well understood.

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy: an update on mechanisms.

Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP), characterized by hepatic microvesicular steatosis, is a sudden catastrophic illness occurring almost exclusively in the third trimester of pregnancy. Defective fatty acid oxidation in the fetus has been shown to be associated with this disease. Since the placenta has the same genetic makeup as the fetus and as AFLP patients generally recover following delivery, we hypothesized that the placenta might be involved in pathogenesis of this disease.

Liver injury in acute fatty liver of pregnancy: possible link to placental mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress.

Unlabelled: Acute fatty liver of pregnancy (AFLP) is a rare disorder which is fatal if not recognized and treated early. Delivery of the feto-placental unit results in dramatic improvement in maternal liver function, suggesting a role for the placenta. However, the mechanisms by which defects in the fetus or placenta lead to maternal liver damage are not well understood and form the focus of this study.