Comparative Evaluation of the Local Anesthetic Action of Tramadol Hydrochloride With Adrenaline Versus Lidocaine Hydrochloride With Adrenaline for Maxillary Exodontia: A Randomized Control Trial.

Background: Tramadol hydrochloride (T-HCl) has demonstrated to have a local anesthetic effect similar to lidocaine hydrochloride (L-HCl) when administered locally for minor oral surgical procedures.

Purpose: Our study aimed to compare the anesthetic effect of T-HCl versus L-HCl in maxillary premolar extraction.

Study Design, Setting And Sample: The study is a split-mouth, double-blind randomized clinical trial at the Faculty of Dental Sciences, Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, Bengaluru, India.

Maxillary Leiomyosarcoma with Lymph Node Metastasis: Report of an Unusual Case.

Leiomyosarcoma is an unusual, malignant, mesenchymal neoplasm that is extremely rare in head and neck region. It clinically presents as a well-defined, painless mass which could easily be misdiagnosed as a benign lesion, posing a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. Head and neck leiomyosarcomas are very aggressive and have a poor prognosis.

Postural Disharmony Causing Myofacial Pain: A Case Report and Review of Literature of the Treatment.

Myofacial pain, a chronic painful condition of muscle origin, has numerous precipitating factors, if undiagnosed or left untreated could lead to compromised function and poor quality of life. In this case report, a female patient giving a history of 10 years of pain in the head and neck region was eventually diagnosed with myofacial pain secondary to bowing posture. The patient was successfully treated with combination of treatment modalities (TENS therapy, exercises, occlusal splint, etc.

Micrometastasis detection using modified papanicolaou stain in nodal tissues of oral squamous cell carcinoma - A histological study.

Context: Cervical lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck (SCCHN). Detection and evaluation of micro-metastasis forms the basis for diagnosis, staging, treatment options and prognosis. Lymph node prognostic factors are extremely important for the survival and recurrence in the patient.

Comparative Assessment of Microplates with Miniplates in the Fixation of Midface Fractures: A Prospective Study.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the treatment outcome following fixation of midface fractures with microplates to that of miniplates.

Materials And Methods: The prospective study included 30 patients with confirmed diagnosis of midface fractures (Le Fort I, II, III, ZMC fractures or combination) and who gave written informed consent. The patients were categorized into microplate (1.

Role of cancer stem cells in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma - A systematic review.

Targeting cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulation within the tumor remains an obstacle for specific therapy in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Few studies in the literature describe a panel of stem cell makers, however a distinct panel has not been put forth. This systematic review aims to enhance the knowledge of additional markers to accurately relate their expression to tumorigenesis, metastasis, and therapy resistance.

Lipid metabolism in cancer: A systematic review.

Preclinical studies and clinical trials have emphasized the decisive role of lipid metabolism in tumor proliferation and metastasis. This systematic review aimed to explore the existing literature to evaluate the role and significance of the genes and pathways most commonly involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism in cancer. The literature search was performed as per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses.

P-Cadherin and WNT5A expression in assessment of lymph node metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral cancer progression is a multi-step process in which adhesion molecules play a pivotal role in the development of recurrent, invasive, and distant metastasis. The aim of this study was to adopt prognostic biomarkers to assess the lymph node metastasis of OSCC that will facilitate in deciding the treatment modality by the surgeons.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the biological behaviour of OSCC by correlating the expression levels of P-Cadherin and WNT5A immunohistochemically.

Sub-epithelial hyalinization, incomplete cystic lining, and corrugated surface could be a predictor of recurrence in Odontogenic Keratocysts.

Background: Odontogenic Keratocysts (OKCs) are known for their rapid growth and tendency to invade the adjacent tissues. Its high recurrence rate (2.5%-62%) has attracted many kinds of research to identify new parameters to predict recurrence that would enable better treatment outcomes for such patients.

Pancytokeratin immunostained tumor buds and cytoplasmic pseudofragments are reliable early predictive variables for regional lymph node metastatic risk assessment of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Context: The 5-year survival rate in patients with cervical lymph node metastasis is reported to be 20-36% post surgery as compared to 63-86% in patients without nodal involvement. This necessitates assessing the metastatic potential of OSCC patients.

Objectives: To evaluate the role of Pancytokeratin immunostained tumour buds and cytoplasmic pseudofragments with other histopathological and immunohistochemical variables in predicting metastatic risk of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC).

Self-Drilling Versus Self-Tapping Screws: A 3D Finite Element Analysis.

Study Design: Self-tapping and self-drilling screws are two modalities available for plate fixation. When compared to self-drilling, self-tapping screws have a few drawbacks like screw loosening, thermal osteolysis, equipment dependent, and time-consuming.

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of self-tapping and self-drilling screws with relation to plate retention and stability in internal fixation of mandibular fractures using 3D finite element analysis (FEA).

Clinical Profile of Adolescent Onset Anorexia Nervosa at a Tertiary Care Center.

Objective: To study the clinical profile and outcome of adolescent onset anorexia nervosa at a tertiary care center in Southern India.

Method: Review of hospital records of adolescents diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Outcome was assessed for those with a follow-up of atleast one year, by outpatient visit or by a telephonic interview.

Prediction of metastasis in oral squamous cell carcinoma through phenotypic evaluation and gene expression of E-cadherin, β-catenin, matrix metalloproteinase-2, and matrix metalloproteinase-9 biomarkers with clinical correlation.

Context: Controversies prevail regarding the true predictive role of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers in metastasis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). There is also limited research carried on till date wherein the protein and gene expression of EMT biomarkers have been investigated simultaneously in the Indian population.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the gene expression and quantitative protein expression of EMT biomarkers using conventional method and MATLAB software and to determine if there is any difference in the expression between metastatic and nonmetastatic OSCCs with clinicopathologic correlation.

Development of clinico-histopathological predictive model for the assessment of metastatic risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Context: Oral cancer metastasis is the leading cause of death globally. The decision-making on the mode of surgical treatment in clinically negative lymph nodes is challenging.

Aim: The aim of this study was to develop a predictive model using clinical and histopathologic parameters that may help in the assessment of the metastatic risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Procedures and pitfalls in incisional biopsies of oral squamous cell carcinoma with respect to histopathological diagnosis.

This review has addressed the issues faced by a diagnostic pathologist during routine assessment of haematoxylin and eosin stained incisional biopsies from oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. Herein, the pragmatic means undertaken, has highlighted routinely faced problems & encounters determined at various levels as clinical, laboratory and diagnostic pitfalls, when possible, tips offered towards procedures and guidance. Also, dealt with subtypes of oral squamous cell carcinoma, differential diagnosis, and relevant prognostic indicators that can navigate the surgeon to take quick decisions.

Does microbiome shift play a role in carcinogenesis? A systematic review.

Recent scientific advances have presented substantial evidence that there is a multifaceted relationship between the microbiome and cancer. Humans are hosts to multifarious microbial communities, and these resident microbes contribute to both health and disease. Circulating toxic metabolites from these resident microbes may contribute to the development and progression of cancer.

Assessment of Pretreatment Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio in Prognosis of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose: Recent data have provided evidence of systemic inflammatory markers playing an important role in determining the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The aim of the present study was to determine the prognosis of OSCC using the preoperative neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR).

Patients And Methods: We enrolled 130 patients with OSCC who received treatment in the present retrospective study.

The Role of Helmet Fastening in Motorcycle Road Traffic Accidents.

Road traffic accidents are the leading cause of death among the Indian population. Motorcycle accidents are the most prominent type of injuries among road traffic accidents in India. In this prospective cross-sectional study, all the patients attending three centers in north Bangalore, with facial injuries occurring from a motorcycle accident, were included.

Soft Tissue Injuries of the Maxillofacial Region Occurring from Motorcycle Accidents.

Introduction: Soft tissue injuries are the most common type of injury occurring from a motorcycle accident. Not many studies have been conducted to determine the incidence and pattern of soft tissue injuries and the effectiveness of helmet to prevent them.

Methods: In this prospective cross-sectional study, all the patients attending three centres in North Bangalore, with facial injuries occurring from a motorcycle accident, were included.

Molecular pathways of oral cancer that predict prognosis and survival: A systematic review.

Several genes and pathways associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are significant in terms of early detection and prognosis. The objective of this literature review is to evaluate the current research on molecular pathways and genes involved in oral cancer. Articles on the genes involved in oral cancer pathways were evaluated to identify potential biomarkers that can predict survival.

Analysis of the Changing Patterns of Midface Fractures Using 3D Computed Tomography: An Observational Study.

This article aims to analyze the changing Le Fort fracture patterns using computed tomography (CT) scans with three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction. A prospective observational study was conducted on 60 patients with midface trauma, who had reported to MS Ramaiah Group of Hospitals, Bangalore, between January 2015 and October 2016. CT scans using 1.

Pathway based prognostic gene expression profile of buccal and gingivo-buccal oral squamous cell carcinoma in smokeless tobacco chewers.

Background: The objective was to study comprehensive mRNA expression profiles of buccal mucosa oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC-BM) and gingivo-buccal OSCC (OSCC-GB) in smokeless tobacco chewers to understand the biological behavior of OSCC at these specific sites and identify diagnostic and prognostic markers.

Methods: High throughput RNA sequencing transcriptome of fresh buccal mucosa (4 samples) and gingivo-buccal (4 samples) OSCC with normal oral mucosa (3 samples) was performed on Illumina NextSeq500 paired end sequencing with 75x2bp.

Results: In the comparison between OSCC and normal, there were 402 differentially expressed genes (DEGs); between OSCC-BM and normal, there were 467 DEGs; and between OSCC-GB and normal oral tissue, there were 608 DEGs.

Naturally Available Extracts Inhibiting Cancer Progression: A Systematic Review.

Aim: This systematic review is aimed at evaluating the literature on the efficacy of naturally available extracts that inhibit cancer.

Methods: A literature search was performed to strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology analysis. Approximately 3000 research articles were initially selected.