Risk Factors for Meibomian Gland Disease Assessed by Meibography.

Purpose: To elucidate risk factors for meibomian gland disease (MGD) and understand associated changes in meibography and in relation to ocular surface disease.

Patients And Methods: As part of the standard workup for ocular surface disease at a tertiary academic center, 203 patients received an ocular history and lifestyle questionnaire. The questionnaire included detailed inquiries about ocular health and lifestyle, including makeup use, cosmetic eyelid procedures, screen time, and contact lens habits.

Myofibroma of mandibular alveolus: A case report.

Phenotypic heterogeneity has been a complex phenomenon lately, fetching attention in tumour pathology. Myofibroblastic differentiation is one such example and, besides, functional heterogeneity contributes to the biological behaviour of the tumours. Myofibroma is a distinctive neoplasm of myofibroblasts with a low incidence rate in the oral cavity.

Expression of CD 20 B-Lymphocyte in oral epithelial dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A comparative immunohistochemistry study.

Background: As the progressive trends in the field of immunotherapy, it is very favourable to reconsider the role played by B lymphocytes in the tumor microenvironment. Both the protumorogenic and antitumorogenic responses have to be evaluated to formulate an effective immunotherapeutic protocol.

Aim And Objective: The study was primarily conducted to assess the qualitative expression of B lymphocytes in pretumorogenic (oral epithelial dysplasia) and tumorogenic environment (oral squamous cell carcinoma).

Site specificity and expression profile of miR-21 in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common epithelial malignancy of the oral cavity which has evolved globally as a grave and growing health problem. It shares a wide geographic variation with respect to the incidence rate and exhibits anatomic adaptation to oral environment with varied clinical presentation along with a spectrum of histological mélange. Besides, in recent cancer research, both genetics and epigenetics add on at the molecular level and accounts for this diversification and tumor heterogeneity of OSCC and thereby substantiates to the miRNA expression profiling in OSCC.

Advanced epithelial mapping for refractive surgery.

One of the leading challenges in refractive surgery today is the presence of underlying subclinical early-stage keratoconus (KC), which can lead to iatrogenic post laser in situ keratomileusis ectasia. Timely detection of this condition could aid the refractive surgeons in better decision-making. This includes being able to defer refractive surgery in subclinical cases as well as providing treatment for the same in the form of appropriate corneal collagen crosslinking treatments.

Immunohistochemical study of α-smooth muscle actin expression in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Context: It is important to evaluate the role of stromal myofibroblasts (MFs) in carcinogenesis and also as a predictive marker for lymph node (LN) metastasis at the invasive front of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Aims: To demonstrate the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) by MFs in the tissues of oral leukoplakia (OL) with dysplasia and OSCC. To record and compare the distribution of MFs in OSCC with LN metastasis and without LN metastasis.

Odontogenic keratocyst arising in the maxillary sinus: A rare case report.

Odontogenic keratocyst is an aggressive cystic lesion and a common type of tooth derived cyst due to presence of odontogenic epithelial remnants in different regions of jaw. In majority of cases, it is located in mandibular posterior region. But it can also be found in the maxilla especially in the canine region.

Immunohistochemical study of alpha-smooth muscle actin in odontogenic cysts and tumors.

Context: Myofibroblasts (MFs) are fibroblasts with smooth muscle-like features characterized by the presence of a contractile apparatus. Alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) is the actin isoform that predominates within vascular smooth muscle cells and plays an important role in fibrogenesis. MFs are metabolically and morphologically distinctive fibroblasts expressing α-SMA, and their activation plays a key role in development of the fibrotic response.

Correlation of mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV-infected patients in an ART center with CD4 counts.

Background: As the search for reliable clinical indicators for management of human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS continues, mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV are considered among key clinical indicators for prediction of underlying degree of immunosuppression, systemic opportunistic infections, and disease progression.

Objectives: (1) To study the prevalence of mucocutaneous manifestations in HIV-seropositive patients attending the ART center of our hospital (2) To correlate mucocutaneous manifestations with CD4 cell counts.

Materials And Methods: A total of 200 HIV-seropositive patients of adult age group visiting our hospital were included in the study.

Mast cells and angiogenesis in malignant and premalignant oral lesions: An immunohistochemical study.

Introduction And Objectives: Angiogenesis is a complex event facilitated by angiogenic factors released from neoplastic and host immune cells. Among host immune cells, mast cells (MCs) may have greater significance in tumor progression through angiogenesis. The objectives of the study were to evaluate and correlate mast cell density (MCD) and microvessel density (MVD) in normal gingival tissue, leukoplakia with and without dysplasia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cases.

UDL and Intellectual Disability: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go?

As an instructional design framework that can be used to design curriculum for students with and without disabilities, Universal Design for Learning (UDL) has the potential to support meaningful inclusion of students with intellectual disability (ID) in general educational settings. This article presents an overview of the existing set of research studies on UDL application for students with ID in PreK-12 settings. The current body of research illustrates that UDL is being applied to instructional activities for students with ID to examine a variety of interventions (e.

Immunohistochemical study of CD44s expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma-its correlation with prognostic parameters.

Background And Objectives: The study aims at the observation of the immunohistochemical expression of CD44s in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) and to correlate its expression with prognostic parameters.

Materials And Methods: A total of 30 cases of OSCC, - 10 cases of each well differentiated (WD SCC), moderately differentiated (MD SCC) and poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas (PD SCC) were included in the study. The sections were subjected to immunohistochemical study using CD44s antigen marker.

A quantitative analysis of mast cells in inflammatory periapical and gingival lesions.

Aim: The aim of the study was to quantify the presence of mast cells in various inflammatory lesions like periapical granuloma, periapical cyst, inflammatory gingival hyperplasia and pyogenic granuloma. Mast cell degranulation and association with lymphocytes were also recorded in an attempt to understand the role of mast cells in the pathogenesis of these inflammatory lesions.

Materials And Methods: The quantification of mast cells was done on toluidine blue stained sections of all the four groups of lesions, using the image analyzer software, Image-Pro-Express (Media Cybernetics, USA).

Expression of maspin in benign and malignant salivary gland tumors: an immunohistochemical study.

Context: Maspin is a novel serine protease inhibitor (serpin) with multifaceted tumor-suppressive activities. It was originally identified in normal human breast myoepithelial cells and shows variable expression in different types of cancer cells. Maspin displays anti-metastatic properties in mammary and prostate cancer.

Herpes zoster: when do patients present and who gets antiviral treatment?

Introduction: Herpes zoster and its sequelae can have a serious impact on quality of life, particularly in the elderly. The duration and severity of herpes zoster symptoms can be reduced with antiviral treatment. Early treatment is most effective.

Recurrent progressive anterior segment fibrosis syndrome following a descemet-stripping endothelial keratoplasty in an infant with congenital aniridia.

Progressive anterior segment fibrosis syndrome (ASFS), after intraocular surgery in older children (≥ 9 years) and adults with congenital aniridia, is described in the literature. In this report, we describe an unique case of ASFS in an infant with congenital aniridia following a combined trabeculotomy-ectomy and its recurrence after a descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty. The ophthalmologists should be well aware of this entity and warn the parents about its possibilities.

Age and positional effect on the anterior chamber angle: assessment by ultrasound biomicroscopy.

Purpose. To investigate age- and position-related changes of anterior chamber angle anatomy in normal, healthy eyes. Patients and Methods.

Benign fibrous histiocytoma of the tongue.

Benign fibrous histiocytoma (BFH) is a benign fibrohistiocytic neoplasm. It is documented to occur in all anatomic sites with a strong predilection for sun exposed skin surfaces. Intra oral occurrence of BFH comprises a lesser percentage of cases with tongue being the least reported site.

Ocular allergy and keratoconus.

Keratoconus is the most common corneal ectatic disorder, the cause of which is largely unknown. Many factors have been implicated, and the ocular allergy is being one of them. The commonly proposed pathogenesis includes the release of inflammatory mediators due to eye rubbing which may alter the corneal collagen and lead to corneal ectasias.

Complications of corneal collagen cross-linking.

Cross-linking of corneal collagen (CXL) is a promising approach for the treatment of keratoconus and secondary ectasia. Several long-term and short-term complications of CXL have been studied and documented. The possibility of a secondary infection after the procedure exists because the patient is subjected to epithelial debridement and the application of a soft contact lens.

Noninvasive assessment of tear stability with the tear stability analysis system in tear dysfunction patients.

Purpose: To evaluate tear film stability in patients with tear dysfunction and an asymptomatic control group by using the novel, noninvasive Tear Stability Analysis System (TSAS).

Methods: In this prospective case-control study, 45 patients with dysfunctional tear syndrome (DTS) were stratified into three groups (1, 2, and 3/4) based on clinical severity, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms; 25 asymptomatic control subjects were evaluated. TSAS measurements were performed with the RT-7000 Auto Refractor-Keratometer (Tomey Corporation, Nagoya, Japan).

Evaluation of the transforming growth factor-beta activity in normal and dry eye human tears by CCL-185 cell bioassay.

Purpose: To develop a new bioassay method using human lung epithelial cells (CCL-185) to assess activity of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) in human tear fluid from normal subjects and patients with dry eye.

Methods: Two epithelial cell lines, mink lung cells (CCL-64) and human lung cells (CCL-185), were compared to detect the active form of TGF-beta by BrdU incorporation (quantitation of cell DNA synthesis) and WST assay (metabolic activity of viable cells). The effect of TGF-beta on the growth of CCL-185 cells was observed microscopically.