Pharmacists' role and experiences with delivering mental health care within team-based primary care settings during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: Pharmacists have been increasingly integrated into primary care teams, leading to improved health outcomes for patients. The two objectives of this study were (i) to describe how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted pharmacists' role in mental health care within Canadian primary care teams and (ii) to describe Canadian pharmacists' experiences collaborating with other healthcare providers in the delivery of mental health services during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational study utilizing an online survey consisting of closed-ended and open-ended questions.

Practice Facilitation to Support Family Physicians in Encouraging COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake: A Multimethod Process Evaluation.

Purpose: We offered a practice facilitation intervention to family physicians in Ontario, Canada, known to have large numbers of patients not yet vaccinated against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: We conducted a multimethod process evaluation embedded within a randomized controlled trial (clinical trial #NCT05099497). We collected descriptive statistics regarding engagement and qualitative interview data from family physicians and practice facilitators, as well as data from facilitator field notes.

Social workers' formal and informal leadership in interprofessional primary care teams in Ontario, Canada.

The development of interprofessional teams in primary care presents opportunities for social workers to take on new leadership positions. This study seeks to describe how social workers engaged in leadership roles in primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional on-line survey was disseminated to primary care social workers across Ontario, Canada, with a total of 159 respondents.

The Benefits and Challenges of Precepting Pharmacy Students Virtually in Interprofessional Primary Care Teams.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify pharmacists' perspectives on the benefits and challenges of precepting pharmacy students during circumstances that require using virtual care in team-based primary care practices.

Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was disseminated through Qualtrics software from July 5, 2021, to October 13, 2021. We used a convenience sampling technique to recruit a sample of pharmacists working in primary care teams across Ontario, Canada, who were able to complete a web-based survey in English.

Impact of remuneration, extrinsic and intrinsic incentives on interprofessional primary care teams: protocol for a rapid scoping review.

Introduction: Interprofessional teams and funding and payment provider arrangements are key attributes of high-performing primary care. Several Canadian jurisdictions have introduced team-based models with different payment models. Despite these investments, the evidence of impact is mixed.

Identify and classify interprofessional primary care performance indicators: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Measuring the performance of interprofessional primary care is needed to examine whether this model of care is achieving its desired outcomes on patient care and health system effectiveness as well as to guide quality improvement initiatives. The aim of this scoping review is to map the literature on primary care performance measurement indicators to determine the extent to which current indicators capture or could be adapted to capture processes, outputs and outcomes that reflect interprofessional primary care.

Methods And Analysis: The review will be guided by the six-stage framework by Arksey and O'Malley (2005).

Qualitative examination of collaboration in team-based primary care during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe Ontario primary care teams' experiences with collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic. Descriptive qualitative methods using focus groups conducted virtually for data collection.

Setting: Primary care teams located in Ontario, Canada.

Recommendations for virtual care in primary care practices: a survey of patients across Ontario, Canada.

Context: The onset of COVID-19 has required the rapid adoption of virtual services in primary care (PC) practices, and virtual care delivery is likely to continue to some extent post-pandemic. Objective: To understand patient experience with synchronous virtual (telephone (Tel)/Video) appointments and elicit recommendations for its future use. Design: Mixed method, including patient survey co-developed with stakeholders and implemented online Feb-Mar 2021 with large promotional efforts through social media, patient and caregiver organizations, and other networks.

The experience of primary care teams during the early phase of COVID-19: A qualitative study of primary care practice leaders in Ontario, Canada.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a rapid shift to virtual care in primary care practices around the globe. There has been little focus on the experiences of interprofessional teams through the lens of primary care practice leaders. The objective of this study was to examine the experience of primary care teams during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of primary care leadership.

An Optimized Tat/Rev Induced Limiting Dilution Assay for the Characterization of HIV-1 Latent Reservoirs.

The administration of antiretroviral therapy (ART) leads to a rapid reduction in plasma viral load in HIV-1 seropositive subjects. However, when ART is suspended, the virus rebounds due to the presence of a latent viral reservoir. Several techniques have been developed to characterize this latent viral reservoir.

Erratum: Correction Notice: An Optimized Tat/Rev Induced Limiting Dilution Assay for the Characterization of HIV-1 Latent Reservoirs.

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Interprofessional primary care: indispensable for family physicians yet invisible to older patients.

There is growing consensus that interprofessional primary care is key to delivering timely, coordinated, and comprehensive care, especially in the older patient population who often live with complex and chronic needs. Despite significant investments in reforming health systems toward interprofessional primary care, there is a paucity of evidence describing the importance of interprofessional primary care for older patients and physicians. This qualitative descriptive study aimed to understand the use and utility of interprofessional primary care for older patients and family physicians from the perspective of different stakeholders within primary care in Ontario, Canada.

The Evolution of Regulatory Elements in the Emerging Promoter-Variant Strains of HIV-1 Subtype C.

In a multicentric, observational, investigator-blinded, and longitudinal clinical study of 764 ART-naïve subjects, we identified nine different promoter variant strains of HIV-1 subtype C (HIV-1C) emerging in the Indian population, with some of these variants being reported for the first time. Unlike several previous studies, our work here focuses on the evolving viral regulatory elements, not the coding sequences. The emerging viral strains contain additional copies of the existing transcription factor binding sites (TFBS), including TCF-1α/LEF-1, RBEIII, AP-1, and NF-κB, created by sequence duplication.

The Delivery of Patient Care in Ontario's Family Health Teams during the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objective: The objective of this paper was to identify continuations and changes in care delivery methods in primary care teams during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design: The study used a cross-sectional, web-based survey comprising close-ended and open-ended questions.

Setting: The setting comprised family health teams (FHTs) across Ontario, Canada.

An emerging and variant viral promoter of HIV-1 subtype C exhibits low-level gene expression noise.

Background: We observe the emergence of several promoter-variant viral strains in India during recent years. The variant viral promoters contain additional copies of transcription factor binding sites present in the viral modulatory region or enhancer, including RBEIII, LEF-1, Ap-1 and/or NF-κB. These sites are crucial for governing viral gene expression and latency.

An Improved Tat/Rev Induced Limiting Dilution Assay With Enhanced Sensitivity and Breadth of Detection.

Tat/Rev Induced Limiting Dilution Assay (TILDA) is instrumental in estimating the size of latent reservoirs of HIV-1. Here, we report an optimized TILDA containing a broader detection range compared to the reported methods and high sensitivity. Giving priority to sequence conservation, we positioned the two forward primers and the probe in exon-1 of HIV-1.

Primary care teams' experiences of delivering mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic: a qualitative study.

Background: Integrated primary care teams are ideally positioned to support the mental health care needs arising during the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding how COVID-19 has affected mental health care delivery within primary care settings will be critical to inform future policy and practice decisions during the later phases of the pandemic and beyond. The objective of our study was to describe the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on primary care teams' delivery of mental health care.

Offering Patients a Medical Home - Not a Hallway - and a Stronger Health System.

This article examines three family health teams (FHTs) in different Ontario communities that exemplify the features of a Patient's Medical Home (PMH), a vision developed by the College of Family Physicians of Canada. With PMH supports and foundations in place, these FHTs deliver high-quality care enabled by strong PMH functions: accessible, comprehensive, patient- and family-centred continuous care that is responsive to a community's unique needs. Adhering to PMH principles not only improves patient experience, health outcomes and provider satisfaction but also leads to fewer unnecessary hospital admissions and emergency room visits - system savings and better use of public resources.

Innovation in Ontario's Family Health Teams: How Palliative and Coordinated Care Programs Are Filling Service Gaps and Keeping Patients at Home.

Collaborative interprofessional primary care (PC) teams are widely seen as an essential attribute of high-performing PC systems (Aggarwal and Hutchinson 2012). Effective PC teams play a key role in the mobilization of healthcare resources and navigation of the health and social care system for their patients. In Ontario, the establishment of Family Health Teams has resulted in the implementation of unique programs that deliver services to palliative and elderly patients with a focus on keeping them at home and out of hospital.

The prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment needs in school going children of Nalagarh, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in 13-18-year-old schoolchildren of Nalagarh, Himachal Pradesh, India using the Index of Orthodontic Treatment need (IOTN) and to analyze the treatment needs between males and females and correlation between the esthetic component (AC) and dental health component (DHC) of IOTN.

Subjects And Methods: The sample comprised 2000 school children (1125 females and 875 males) who had not undergone orthodontic treatment. No radiographs, study casts, were used; IOTN was calculated from clinical examination.