Prior use of medications for opioid use disorder in ED patients with opioid overdose: prevalence, misuse and overdose severity.

Objectives: Medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) reduce opioid overdose (OD) deaths; however, prevalence and misuse of MOUD in ED patients presenting with opioid overdose are unclear, as are any impacts of existing MOUD prescriptions on subsequent OD severity.

Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort of ED patients with opioid OD at two tertiary-care hospitals from 2015 to 19. Patients with confirmed opioid OD (via urine toxicology) were included, while patients with alternate diagnoses, insufficient data, age < 18, and prisoners were excluded.

Respiratory failure in confirmed synthetic cannabinoid overdose.

Context: Synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) are a structurally heterogenous synthetic class of drugs of abuse. The objective was to describe the incidence of acute respiratory failure in Emergency Department (ED) patients with confirmed SC exposure, and to investigate the association between SC overdose with respiratory failure compared to non-SC overdose.

Methods: This was an observational cohort of ED patients ≥18 years with suspected cannabinoid overdose between 2015 and 2020 at two tertiary-care hospitals.

Exercise performance and physiological responses: the potential role of redox imbalance.

Increases in oxidative stress or decreases in antioxidant capacity, or redox imbalance, are known to alter physiological function and has been suggested to influence performance. To date, no study has sought to manipulate this balance in the same participants and observe the impact on physiological function and performance. Using a single-blind, placebo-controlled, and counterbalanced design, this study examined the effects of increasing free radicals, via hyperoxic exposure (FO= 1.