rs1800890 Polymorphism of IL-10 and Susceptibility to Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura.

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an immune bleeding disorder that is reported in approximately 2 out of every 100,000 adults with a mean age of 50 years. Several factors such as various genetic backgrounds are associated with the pathogenesis of ITP. Interleukin (IL)-10 is a complicated cytokine that has a role in tumor progression, antitumor immunity, and immune system regulation.

Effect of a partnership care programme on quality of life in school-age children with leukaemia: a controlled clinical trial.

Despite the low quality of life (QoL) of children with leukaemia, there is a lack of well-designed and culture-oriented care programmes to improve it. The Partnership Care Model (PCM), which was developed based on the Iranian culture, seems to be effective in improving the QoL in children living with chronic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a care programme based on the PCM on the QoL of children with leukaemia.

COVID-19 in a case with Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease.

The accurate diagnosis of Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease can protect children from unnecessary diagnostic procedures and treatments. Also, the co-occurrence of rare diseases with other diseases can improve or worsen the symptoms of the patients.

HLA-B5, 7, 8, 27, and 51 Antigens and Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Is There an Association?

Background: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a bleeding disorder characterized by low platelet counts in peripheral blood, impairment of thrombopoiesis in bone marrow, and risk of mild to severe bleedings. ITP can be seen among both sexes in different ages. Although definitive pathogenesis of this disorder is still ambiguous, some of risk factors for ITP are recognized, including human leukocyte antigens (HLAs).

Prognostic significance of aberrant CD5 expression in B-cell leukemia.

Aberrant expression of CD5 (as a T-cell marker) is seen in some leukemia and lymphoma of B lineage origin. Given that the signaling resulting from the expression of this marker plays an essential role in the development of leukemia and lymphoma, evaluating the expression of this marker is of paramount importance. Therefore, our goal in this study was to investigate the prognostic importance of CD5 expression in B-cell leukemia and lymphoma.

Involvement of Interferon-γ + 874A/T Polymorphism in the Pathogenesis of and Therapeutic Response to Immune Thrombocytopenia.

Background: Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease characterized by symptoms of thrombocytopenia and bleeding due to production of autoantibodies against platelets. Recently, the occurrence of polymorphisms has been identified as one of the main causes of disease onset.

Methods: To conduct this study, we recruited 140 patients and control individuals with no history of platelet loss.

The Association Between Human Leukocyte Antigens and ITP, TTP, and HIT.

Background: Autoimmune thrombocytopenia in immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), and heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is associated with immunologic degradation of platelets and reduced platelet counts in patients, leading to bleeding risk in patients. Considering the role of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) in the development of immune response, in this review, we examine the relationship between HLA and pathogenesis of the above-mentioned diseases.

Methods: Relevant English-language literature was searched and retrieved from Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database (1979 to 2018).

Cellular expression of CD markers in immune thrombocytopenic purpura: implications for prognosis.

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder associated with platelet destruction. Abnormalities in frequency and function of different immune cells can play a crucial role in this disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of CD markers' expressions by immune cells in ITP.

Thrombocytopenia in leukemia: Pathogenesis and prognosis.

Leukemias, a heterogeneous group of hematological disorders, are characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis and morphologic abnormalities of hematopoietic cells. Thrombocytopenia is a common problem among leukemia types that can lead to hemorrhagic complications in patients. The purpose of this review article is to identify the conditions associated with the incidence of thrombocytopenia in leukemias.

Aberrant DNA Methylation in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: Cell Fate Control, Prognosis, and Therapeutic Response.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematopoietic stem cell malignancy characterized by the expression of the BCR-ABL1 fusion gene with different chimeric transcripts. Despite the crucial impact of constitutively active tyrosine kinase in CML pathogenesis, aberrant DNA methylation of certain genes plays an important role in disease progression and the development of drug resistance. This article reviews recent findings relevant to the effect of DNA methylation pattern of regulatory genes on various cellular activities such as cell proliferation and survival, as well as cell-signaling molecules in CML.

Expression of CD markers' in immune thrombocytopenic purpura: prognostic approaches.

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP) is a common autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by a reduction in peripheral blood platelet counts. In this disease, autoantibodies (Auto-Abs) are produced against platelet GPIIb/GPIIIa by B cells, which require interaction with T cells. In this review, the importance of B and T lymphocytes in ITP prognosis has been studied.

Association between gene polymorphisms and clinical features in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura patients.

: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease in which increased platelet destruction and thrombocytopenia are diagnostic features. In fact, the exact pathogenesis of this disease is still unknown, but genetic changes can be a potential factor in the development of ITP. In this study, the relationship between polymorphisms with platelet destruction has been studied, which leads to decreased platelet count.

The Influence of Polymorphisms in Disease Severity in β-Thalassemia.

β-Thalassemia is a genetic disorder with a continuum of mild to severe clinical manifestations and requirement of transfusion at different stages of life. The cause(s) of this variety is not clear but genetic alterations could be a potential factor. In this review, the correlation between polymorphisms and different clinical manifestations, including the need for transfusion, was investigated.

BRAF Mutation in Hairy Cell Leukemia.

BRAF is a serine/threonine kinase with a regulatory role in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. A mutation in the RAF gene, especially in BRAF protein, leads to an increased stimulation of this cascade, causing uncontrolled cell division and development of malignancy. Several mutations have been observed in the gene coding for this protein in a variety of human malignancies, including hairy cell leukemia (HCL).

Regulatory effect of chemokines in bone marrow niche.

Chemokines secreted from different cellular components of bone marrow (BM) play an important role in the formation of the BM niche system. The hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) pool located in specialized anatomical sites within the BM is subjected to a complex network of chemokines, such that the produced chemokines affect the fate of these cells. Expression of different chemokine receptors on leukemic stem cells (LSCs) uncovers the critical role of chemokines in the maintenance, survival and fate of these cells in the leukemic niche.

Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura in Children and Adults: A Comparative Retrospective Study in IRAN.

Background: Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disease that can cause bleeding disorders in patients, and presents in acute and chronic forms. The acute form is frequently seen in children, but the chronic form mainly inflicts adults. There are differences and similarities in clinical and laboratory findings of the disease between children and adults.

Frequency of beta-thalassemia or beta-hemoglobinopathy carriers simultaneously affected with alpha-thalassemia in Iran.

Background: Beta-thalassemias are prevalent heritable single gene disorders affecting the quantity of the hemoglobin molecule. Rarely, a co-inheritance of these impairments with alpha-thalassemia and/or a hemoglobinopathy occurs and makes an important double heterozygote or homozygous state. Thus finding these cases is essential for genetic counseling.

The role of notch signaling in bone marrow niche.

Objective: Bone marrow (BM) niche is a three-dimensional structure composed of a series of cells and it is one of the most controversial topics in hematological malignancies, leukemia, and even metastasis. Here, we review the relationship between Notch signaling and different fates of stem cells and other BM niche cells.

Methods: Relevant English-language literature were searched and retrieved from PubMed (2000-2013) using the terms Notch signaling, BM niche, and microRNAs (miRNAs).

T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia with del (7) (q11.2q22) and Aberrant Expression of Myeloid Markers.

T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an invasive disease with a higher incidence in children and adolescents. In terms of Immunophenotype, T-ALL is positive for CD2, CD7, CD34 and HLA-DR, and the level of these markers is increased with increasing age. In addition, the myeloid markers (CD13, CD33) are sometimes expressed in T-ALL.

Evaluation of Novel Fetal Hemoglobin Inducer Drugs in Treatment of β-Hemoglobinopathy Disorders.

Objective: The use of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) inducer drugs is considered as a novel approach in treatment of β-hemoglobinopathies, especially β- thalassemia and sickle cell disease. HbF inducers including hydroxyurea, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor agents such as sodium butyrate, azacitidine, decitabine and new immunomodulator drugs like pomalidomide, lenalidomide and thalidomide can reduce α-globin chain production in erythroid progenitors and improve α: β chain imbalance, the most crucial complication of β-thalassemia.

Materials And Methods: In this article, we reviewed more than 40 articles published from 1979 to 2012 in the field of fetal hemoglobin augmentation.

Asymtomatic essential thrombocythemia in a child: a rare case report.

Essential thrombocythemia is a rare myeloproliferative disorder in pediatrics. This myeloproliferative disorder is charactherized by thrombocytosis and hyperplasia of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. Other cell lines are not involved.

Prenatal Diagnosis of Different Polymorphisms of β-globin Gene in Ahvaz.

Background: Hemoglobinopathy and thalassemia are prevalent genetic disorders throughout the world. Beta thalassemia is one of these disorders with high prevalence in Iran, especially in Khuzestan province. In this study, the rate of different mutations in β-globin gene for prenatal diagnosis in fetal samples was evaluated.

The role of the nervous system in hematopoietic stem cell mobilization.

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and blood cell progenitors, such as maturing leucocytes, steadily enter from bone marrow (BM) into the circulation under steady-state conditions, and their mobilization is dramatically amplified during stress conditions and by mediators such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). This mobilization is dependent upon bone remodeling, the proteolytic enzymes of bone marrow-derived stromal cells, and adhesion molecules such as integrin, but the main mechanisms controlling this traffic are still unclear. The nervous system, as the most important regulator of the body, can affect the mobilization network by secreting catecholamines, so that denervation of catecholaminergic fibers in the BM of mice could lead to declining mobilization in steady state and stress situations, even in the presence of other intact environmental factors in the BM.

The Role of microRNAs in Stemness of Cancer Stem Cells.

Cancer is one of the most important diseases of humans, for which no cure has been found so far. Understanding the causes of cancer can pave the way for its treatment. Alteration in genetic elements such as oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes results in cancer.