Identifying toxic elements in water, sediments, and roots of mangrove forest (Avicennia marina) in Chabahar Bay, Sea of Oman.

Mangroves play a crucial role in filtering pollutants from water and sediments. However, excessive accumulation of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) has harmful effects on marine organisms. This article investigates the concentration and distribution of PTEs in water, sediment, and the roots of endangered mangrove species in Chabahar Bay, a subtropical coastal wetland.