Late-onset aortic regurgitation after device closure of atrial septal defect.

A 10-year-old girl underwent successful device closure of a 15-mm atrial septal defect with a short and thick retroaortic rim using a 16-mm atrial septal occluder from the conventional approach under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance. There were no periprocedural complications. The aortic valve was noted to be trileaflet and competent.

Resolution of high aortic valve systolic gradient suggesting significant stenosis following closure of patent ductus arteriosus.

A 3-month-old baby girl presenting with heart failure was found to have a large persistent ductus arteriosus as well as a bicuspid aortic valve with severe aortic stenosis. She underwent surgical ductal closure following which there was complete resolution of aortic valve gradients without requiring any aortic valve intervention. This case highlights the importance of understanding hemodynamics in efficacious management of congenital heart disease.

Early and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of Ductal Stenting Versus Surgical Aortopulmonary Shunt Among Young Infants with Duct-Dependent Pulmonary Circulation.

Surgical aortopulmonary shunting (SAPS) and ductal stenting (DS) are the main palliations in infants with cyanotic congenital heart diseases (CHD). We aimed to study the safety and efficacy of DS and to compare it with SAPS as a palliative procedure in infants with CHD and duct-dependent pulmonary circulation. Retrospective institutional clinical data review of consecutive infants aged < 3 months who underwent DS or SAPS over 5 years.

Clinical profile and outcomes of pediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a South Indian tertiary care cardiac center: a three decade experience.

Introduction: Although much research has been done on adult hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, data on pediatric hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is still limited.

Methods And Results: The study enrolled all patients with cardiomyopathy who presented to us between 1990 to 2020 and were younger than 18 yrs. During the thirty-year study period, we identified 233 cases of pediatric cardiomyopathy.

Chylotamponade in Pediatric Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Chylotamponade involves rapid accumulation of chyle in the pericardium elevating the pericardial pressures above normal right heart filling pressures, and is extremely rare. A 12-y-old boy presented to the emergency with complaints of facial puffiness for 1 mo and breathing difficulty for 1 wk. The neck veins were distended, and the heart sounds were muffled.

Hemianomalous pulmonary venous drainage and type IIb coronary sinus septal defect - Utility of subxiphoid and right parasternal views.

A 3-year-old boy presented with history of recurrent respiratory tract infections in infancy. Clinically he had hemodynamically significant pre-tricuspid left-to-right shunt and no pulmonary hypertension. Transthoracic echocardiography delineated anomalous drainage of the left sided pulmonary veins to a dilated coronary sinus opening into the right atrium.

A Comparative Study of Invasive Modalities for Evaluation of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Fistula after Bidirectional Glenn Shunt.

Development of pulmonary AV fistula (PAVF) after bidirectional glenn shunt (BDG) results in significant cyanosis, impaired exercise performance, and increased morbidity and mortality. We attempted to detect and quantify PAVF in post-BDG patients by saline contrast transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and compare with pulmonary angiography and pulmonary vein oximetry. This was a prospective study done between 2017 and 2018.

International experience with the use of Cocoon septal occluder for closure of atrial septal defects.

Background: The Cocoon septal occluder (CSO) is a new generation double disk occluder device for catheter closure of the secundum atrial septal defect (ASD). Initial clinical evaluations with the use of this device have shown quite satisfactory results but large follow-up studies are missing. In this international multicenter study, we present procedural and follow-up data from 4008 patients with secundum ASD who underwent catheter closure with the use of CSO.

Drug-eluting stent for acute Blalock-Taussig shunt thrombosis in a child-case report.

Background: Blalock-Taussig shunt (BTS) continues to have a relatively high operative and short-term mortality, even in the current era. We report the use of drug-eluting stent in a child with acute shunt thrombosis, which has not been reported in the literature to date.

Case Presentation: A 7-month-old boy with double outlet right ventricle, severe pulmonary stenosis, and normally related great arteries underwent BTS placement for cyanotic spells.

Balloon atrial septostomy at the bedside versus the catheterisation laboratory.

A shorter umbilical venous approach provides an opportunity for balloon atrial septostomy in the younger neonate as opposed to those who present at the end of first week of life. However, the ideal choice of access for a bedside balloon atrial septostomy is not well established. Wouldn't prostaglandin infusion be a safer option for transport of babies with dextro-transposition in the neonatal period, when the arterial duct can be kept open? A prenatal diagnosis of dextro-transposition facilitates monitoring and planning of septostomy in the early neonatal period explaining why babies underwent bedside procedures more often.

A rare variant of intracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous connection.

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) with direct connection of the pulmonary veins to the morphologically right atrium is exceedingly rare other than in the setting of isomerism of the right atrial appendages. We present an interesting case of TAPVC in a patient with situs solitus that connected to the right atrium via a broad-mouthed common chamber.

Left ventricular regression after balloon atrial septostomy in d-transposition of the great arteries.

Objectives: Balloon atrial septostomy (BAS) is an effective palliative procedure in children with transposition of the great arteries and poor intercirculatory mixing. While the subpulmonary left ventricle (LV) is known to regress with time in these newborns due to the declining afterload, it has not been studied how it behaves following BAS and a consequent decrease in preload. The study was designed to examine the effects of BAS on the LV in infants with simple d-transposition of the great arteries by serial 2D echocardiographic monitoring.

Self-repositioning of an embolized patent ductus arteriosus device--a nightmare turned into sweet dreams.

A 7-month-old boy was admitted for the device closure of symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with moderate pulmonary hypertension. The PDA measured 4.2 mm with adequate ampulla.

Percutaneous device closure of persistent ductus venosus presenting with hemoptysis.

An eight-year-old boy was evaluated for unexplained hemoptysis and cyanosis. A contrast echocardiogram was suggestive of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Further evaluation revealed persistent ductus venosus (PDV) and aortopulmonary collaterals.

Percutaneous device closure of Abernethy malformation--a treatable cause of hepatopulmonary syndrome.

An eight-year-old girl was evaluated for unexplained cyanosis. A contrast echo was suggestive of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula. Further evaluation revealed Abernethy malformation (type 2) leading to hepatopulmonary syndrome.