Topological fingerprints in Liouvillian gaps.

Topology in many-body physics usually emerges as a feature of equilibrium quantum states. We show that topological fingerprints can also appear in the relaxation rates of open quantum systems. To demonstrate this we consider one of the simplest models that has two topologically distinct phases in its ground state: the Kitaev chain model for the p-wave superconductor.

Comparative lifespan and healthspan of nonhuman primate species common to biomedical research.

There is a critical need to generate age- and sex-specific survival curves to characterize chronological aging consistently across nonhuman primates (NHP) used in biomedical research. Sex-specific Kaplan-Meier survival curves were computed in 12 translational aging models: baboon, bonnet macaque, chimpanzee, common marmoset, coppery titi monkey, cotton-top tamarin, cynomolgus macaque, Japanese macaque, pigtail macaque, rhesus macaque, squirrel monkey, and vervet/African green. After employing strict inclusion criteria, primary results are based on 12,269 NHPs that survived to adulthood and died of natural/health-related causes.

The vacuolar anti- activity of neutrophil primary granule peptidyl-arginine deiminase enzymes.

The role of neutrophils in host defense involves several cell processes including phagocytosis, degranulation of antimicrobial proteins, and the release of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In turn, dysregulated cell activity is associated with the pathogenesis of airway and rheumatic diseases, in which neutrophil-derived enzymes including peptidyl-arginine deiminases (PADs) play a role. Known physiological functions of PADs in neutrophils are limited to the activity of PAD isotype 4 in histone citrullination in NET formation.

The activity of a Ga(III) catecholate complex against Aspergillus fumigatus in conditions mimicking cystic fibrosis lung and inhaled formulations for its pulmonary administration.

Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) is an emerging worldwide pathogen. Pulmonary aspergillosis primarily affects severely immunocompromised patients and is also a particularly critical condition for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.

Quantitative proteomic analysis reveals Ga(III) polypyridyl catecholate complexes disrupt Aspergillus fumigatus mitochondrial function.

Infections caused by the airborne fungal pathogen, Aspergillus fumigatus, are increasing in severity due to growing numbers of immunocompromised individuals and the increasing incidence of antifungal drug resistance, exacerbating treatment challenges. Gallium has proven to be a strong candidate in the fight against microbial pathogens due to its iron-mimicking capability and substitution of Ga(III) in place of Fe(III), disrupting iron-dependent pathways. Since the antimicrobial properties of 2,2'-bipyridine and derivatives have been previously reported, we assessed the in vitro activity and proteomic effects of a recently reported heteroleptic Ga(III) polypyridyl catecholate compound against A.

Draft genome sequence of the fungal biocontrol agent, Kos.

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of strain Kos, isolated from casing soil used during cultivation in Dublin, Ireland. Kos exhibits a suppressive ability toward , , and , which are common threats to production, cultivation, and quality.

Decision Support in Cardiac Surgery: Early Exploration of Requirements with Cardiac Anesthetists and Surgeons.

Successful implementation of clinical decision support tools is rare, the key barrier being the lack of user involvement during development. Following the idea, development, exploration, assessment, long-term follow-up (IDEAL) framework, this study aims to provide early insights into the current challenges, clinical processes, and priorities when developing new decision support tools in cardiac surgery. Using a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with cardiac anesthetists and surgeons from three Scottish cardiac centers.

Assessing real world vaccine effectiveness: A review of Scotland's approach to monitoring human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine impact on HPV infection and cervical disease.

High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections can progress to cervical cancer which is the fourth most common cancer in women globally. In Scotland, the incidence of cervical cancer has a strong socioeconomic deprivation gradient disproportionately affecting women from more deprived areas. An HPV vaccination programme was initiated in Scotland in 2008 targeting girls aged 12-13 years with a catch-up campaign running for the first three years for girls aged up to 18 years.

A First-in-Class Pyrazole-isoxazole Enhanced Antifungal Activity of Voriconazole: Synergy Studies in an Azole-Resistant Strain, Computational Investigation and in Vivo Validation in a Fungal Infection Model.

The widespread and irrational use of azole antifungal agents has led to an increase of azole-resistant strains with an urgent need for combination drug therapy, enhancing the treatment efficacy. Here, we report the discovery of a first-in-class pyrazole-isoxazole, namely, , that showed remarkable growth inhibition against the . ATCC 10231 strain in combination with voriconazole, acting as a downregulator of ERG 11 () gene expression with a significant reduction of the yeast-to-hypha morphological transition.

Predictive Data Analytics in Telecare and Telehealth: Systematic Scoping Review.

Background: Telecare and telehealth are important care-at-home services used to support individuals to live more independently at home. Historically, these technologies have reactively responded to issues. However, there has been a recent drive to make better use of the data from these services to facilitate more proactive and predictive care.

Viewpoint: The impending pandemic of resistant organisms - a paradigm shift towards source control is needed.

The United States needs a paradigm shift in its approach to control infectious diseases. Current recommendations are often made in a siloed feedback loop. This may be the driver for such actions as the abandonment of contact precautions in some settings, the allowance of nursing home residents who are carriers of known pathogens to mingle with others in their facility, and the determination of an intervention's feasibility based upon budgetary rather than health considerations for patients and staff.

Exploratory Dual PET imaging of [F] fluorodeoxyglucose and [C]acetoacetate in type 2 diabetic nonhuman primates.

Despite recent advancements in imaging (amyloid-PET & tau-PET) and fluid (Aβ42/Aβ40 & Aβ42/ptau) biomarkers, the current standard for in vivo assessment of AD, diagnosis and prediction of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains challenging. We demonstrated in nonhuman primates (NHP) that increased plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose correlated with decreased CSF Aβ42 and CSF Aβ40, a hallmark of plaque promoting pathogenesis. Together, our findings demonstrate that altered glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance are associated with Aβ and amyloid in rodent and NHP models.

Solution studies, synthesis and antibacterial activity of Ga(III) complexes with bis-kojate derivatives.

Given the recognized major problem of microbial drug resistance for human health, new metal-based drugs have been currently explored for their antimicrobial properties, including gallium-based compounds as potential metallophores that could perturb Fe's interactions with proteins. Herein we have designed and synthesized two bis-kojate ligands (named L4 and L6) and studied their Ga(III) complexes for their physico-chemical and biological properties. In particular a detailed study of their complexation properties in aqueous solution, showed equilibrium models with formation of quite stable dinuclear 2:3 metal:ligand complexes, though with different stability.

Reliable Change Indices and Minimum Detectable Change for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment in Electroconvulsive Therapy for Depression.

Objective: The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is a commonly used brief cognitive screening tool for monitoring adverse cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). The aim of this study was to examine three statistical methods for detecting reliable change in the MoCA following ECT.

Methods: In a prospective cohort study, 47 patients (mean age 55.

TikTok Tracheostomy Video Analysis of Quality, Credibility, and Readability.

Objective The goal of this study is to analyze the quality, credibility, and readability of videos on TikTok related to tracheostomy in order to assess the adequacy of the information for patient and parental education purposes. Study design This was a cross-sectional analysis of online content. Methods The social media platform TikTok was explored for videos related to tracheostomy.

Surface displayed MerR increases mercury accumulation by green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Mercury is a highly toxic trace metal that can accumulate in aquatic ecosystems and when resent at high concentrations can pose risks to both aquatic life and humans consuming contaminated fish. This research explores the use of the metalloregulatory protein MerR, known for its high affinity and selectivity toward mercury, in a novel application. Through a cell surface engineering approach, MerR was displayed on cells of green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.

Healthcare Violence and the Potential Promises and Harms of Artificial Intelligence.

Currently, the healthcare workplace is one of the most dangerous in the United States. Over a 3-month period in 2022, two nurses were assaulted every hour. Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to prevent workplace violence by developing unique patient insights through accessing almost instantly a patient's medical history, past institutional encounters, and possibly even their social media posts.

Characterization of secretome during sublethal infection of larvae.

The fungal pathogen can induce prolonged colonization of the lungs of susceptible patients, resulting in conditions such as allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis. Analysis of the secretome released during sub-lethal infection of larvae may give an insight into products released during prolonged human colonisation. larvae were infected with and the metabolism of host carbohydrate and proteins and production of fungal virulence factors were analysed.

A Novel TGFβ Receptor Inhibitor, IPW-5371, Prevents Diet-induced Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance in Irradiated Mice.

As the number of cancer survivors increases and the risk of accidental radiation exposure rises, there is a pressing need to characterize the delayed effects of radiation exposure and develop medical countermeasures. Radiation has been shown to damage adipose progenitor cells and increase liver fibrosis, such that it predisposes patients to developing metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) and insulin resistance. The risk of developing these conditions is compounded by the global rise of diets rich in carbohydrates and fats.

Machine learning-enabled maternal risk assessment for women with pre-eclampsia (the PIERS-ML model): a modelling study.

Background: Affecting 2-4% of pregnancies, pre-eclampsia is a leading cause of maternal death and morbidity worldwide. Using routinely available data, we aimed to develop and validate a novel machine learning-based and clinical setting-responsive time-of-disease model to rule out and rule in adverse maternal outcomes in women presenting with pre-eclampsia.

Methods: We used health system, demographic, and clinical data from the day of first assessment with pre-eclampsia to predict a Delphi-derived composite outcome of maternal mortality or severe morbidity within 2 days.

Long COVID's Impact on Patients, Workers, & Society: A review.

The incidence of long COVID in adult survivors of an acute SARS-CoV-2 infection is approximately 11%. Of those afflicted, 26% have difficulty with day-to-day activities. The majority of long COIVD cases occur after mild or asymptomatic acute infection.

A further case of chondrodysplasia with growth failure occurring after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

There is an emerging body of evidence showing that young patients, post haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), can develop skeletal changes that mimic an osteochondrodysplasia process. The key discriminator is that these children have had otherwise normal growth and skeletal development before the therapeutic intervention (HSCT), typically for a haematological malignancy. Herein we present that case of a boy who underwent HSCT for Haemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) aged 2 years.

Assessing the Relationship between Obesity and Trigger Point-specific Outcomes after Headache Surgery.

Background: Trigger point deactivation surgery is a safe and effective treatment for properly selected patients experiencing migraine, with 68.3%-100% experiencing symptom improvement postoperatively. However, it is still unknown why certain patients do not respond.