Mental health criminal defenses in persons with neuropsychiatric disorders.

Persons with neuropsychiatric disorders present specific and unique challenges for forensic experts and defense attorneys in the criminal justice system. This article reviews two potential criminal defenses: legal insanity and the various legal standards or tests of criminal responsibility that are used in jurisdictions throughout the United States (i.e.

Mechanistic insight and structure activity relationship of isatin-based derivatives in development of anti-breast cancer agents.

Breast cancer is most common in women and most difficult to manage that causes highest mortality and morbidity among all diseases and posing significant threat to mankind as well as burden on healthcare system. In 2020, 2.3 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer and it was responsible for 685,000 deaths globally, suggesting the severity of this disease.

1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives as an Emerging Scaffold for Antifungal Drug Development against Candida albicans: A Comprehensive Review.

Candida infections are most prominent among fungal infections majorly target immunocompromised and hospitalized patients and cause significant morbidity and mortality. Candida albicans is the notorious and most prevalent among all pathogenic Candida strains. Its emerging resistance toward available antifungal agents making it hard to tackle and emerging as global healthcare emergency.

Bio-Inspired Vision and Gesture-Based Robot-Robot Interaction for Human-Cooperative Package Delivery.

This research presents a novel bio-inspired framework for two robots interacting together for a cooperative package delivery task with a human-in the-loop. It contributes to eliminating the need for network-based robot-robot interaction in constrained environments. An individual robot is instructed to move in specific shapes with a particular orientation at a certain speed for the other robot to infer using object detection (custom YOLOv4) and depth perception.

Knowledge and Attitudes of Psychiatrists About the Gun Rights of Persons With Mental Illness.

Individuals with mental illness have often been misperceived by the public to pose a higher risk of violence to others. Consequently, the United States government and many individual states have enacted laws barring firearm access for certain individuals with mental illness. Many of these laws allow for eventual restoration of firearm access (i.

Malpractice Law and Psychiatry: An Overview.

Fortunately, psychiatrists are less likely to be sued for malpractice than most physicians in other specialties. However, once sued, psychiatrists must navigate a complicated and nonintuitive legal process. This article reviews the major elements of a malpractice claim, the litigation process in medical malpractice cases, and the common allegations of negligence that are encountered in such cases.

Mechanistic investigation in the [1,4] and [1,2] Wittig rearrangement reactions: a DFT study.

The mechanistic pathways for the [1,4] and [1,2] Wittig rearrangements of 2-silyl-6-aryl-5,6-dihydro-(2H)-pyrans have been studied at the M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p), 6-311++G(d,p) and cc-pVTZ level of theory. The crucial C-O bond cleavage step in the mechanism has been analysed initially, using two model reactions covering aliphatic as well as cyclic allylic ethers. The barriers for the one-step as well as two-step pathways have been calculated and the mechanisms for both the [1,4] and [1,2] Wittig rearrangement reactions are predicted to occur through a two-step mode.

iEDDA Reaction of the Molecular Iodine-Catalyzed Synthesis of 1,3,5-Triazines via Functionalization of the sp C-H Bond of Acetophenones with Amidines: An Experimental Investigation and DFT Study.

The present work reports an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder (iEDDA)-type reaction to synthesize 1,3,5-trizines from acetophenones and amidines. The use of molecular iodine in a catalytic amount facilitates the functionalization of the sp C-H bond of acetophenones. This is a simple and efficient methodology for the synthesis of 1,3,5-triazines in good to excellent yields under transition-metal-free and peroxide-free conditions.

Implications of Pseudologia Fantastica in Criminal Forensic Evaluations: A Review and Case Report.

Pseudologia fantastica, a psychological phenomenon that has been described in the literature for at least a century, is an understudied and poorly understood entity. Sometimes referred to as pathological lying, pseudologia fantastica involves disproportionate fabrication that may be present for many years or a lifetime. In a forensic context, it can significantly complicate the evaluation of capacity to stand trial and, in certain jurisdictions, criminal responsibility.

Implications of the Group Model of Supervision and Consultation in Forensic Training.

The clinical case conference has been a hallmark of undergraduate and graduate medical education for decades and affords attendees the opportunity to hear about interesting and difficult cases and to learn from a discussion of the complexities of diagnosis and treatment. In forensic psychiatry, the complexities in a case conference also extend to the formation of a forensic opinion. The application of the clinical case conference to forensic psychiatry has not been described in the literature, although many fellowship programs engage in this activity.

PyGlobal: A toolkit for automated compilation of DFT-based descriptors.

Density Functional Theory (DFT)-based Global reactivity descriptor calculations have emerged as powerful tools for studying the reactivity, selectivity, and stability of chemical and biological systems. A Python-based module, PyGlobal has been developed for systematically parsing a typical Gaussian outfile and extracting the relevant energies of the HOMO and LUMO. Corresponding global reactivity descriptors are further calculated and the data is saved into a spreadsheet compatible with applications like Microsoft Excel and LibreOffice.

Exploring isoxazole and carboxamide derivatives as potential non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.

Nonnucleoside reverse transciptase inhibitors (NNRTI) are a class of drug molecules with a specific target of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT). In the present work, we evaluated a set of selected oxazole and carboxamide derivatives to identify potential pharmacophoric features using molecular docking approach. The docking approach employed has been validated by enrichment factor calculation at top 1% (EF1%).

Structures and IR spectra of the Gramicidin S peptide: pushing the quest for low-energy conformations.

An extensive molecular modeling study was carried out on the doubly protonated cyclic decapeptide Gramicidin S following several recent gas-phase experiments. Our computational strategy includes replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations with the new generation force field AMOEBA for exploration and density functional calculations using several functionals for refinement of structures and computation of IR spectra. This procedure yields low-energy structures of which three are proposed to correspond to the three conformers detected in low-temperature IR experiments.

A case of delusional parasitosis associated with multiple lesions at the root of trigeminal nerve.

The authors present a patient with multiple pontine lesions who exhibited symptoms consistent with delusional parasitosis. The trigeminal nerve nuclei are located throughout the brainstem. Pathology in either the nuclei or the branches of the fifth cranial nerve has been associated with both sensory and motor disturbances.

Prolonged hospitalization and diagnostic clarification saves U.S. Air Force $650,000 in unwarranted disability payments.

Over the last few decades in health care a premium has been placed on decreasing the length of stay. Cost containment measures and more effective psychotropic medications have fueled this trend. The new paradigm is "diagnose, stabilize quickly, and discharge to outpatient setting.

Snapshot of air force psychiatry: wilford Hall medical center.

In line with Psychiatry 2009's mission to strengthen its global presence as a leading source of evidence-based information for practicing clinicians, we are pleased to launch the new column, "Psychiatric Clinics from Around the World." This series will enable readers to become familiar with facilities around the world that provide psychiatric care. We hope you find the column interesting.

Clozapine-induced bowel infarction: a case report.

Resistant schizophrenia is often treated with clozapine after other conventional atypical antipsychotics have failed or have resulted in intolerable side effects. Clozapine is generally reserved for secondary use due to its propensity to cause serious side effects, such as life-threatening agranulocytosis and the necessity for life-long blood monitoring. In this case report we present a 40-year-old female patient who suffered from chronic constipation and bowel infarctions after long-term use with clozapine.