Exploring security threats and solutions Techniques for Internet of Things (IoT): from vulnerabilities to vigilance.

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices across various industries has revolutionized the way we interact with technology. However, this widespread adoption has also brought about significant security challenges that must be addressed to ensure the integrity and confidentiality of data transmitted and processed by IoT systems. This survey paper delves into the diverse array of security threats faced by IoT devices and networks, ranging from data breaches and unauthorized access to physical tampering and denial-of-service attacks.

Systemic and local levels of fetuin-a in calcified mitral valves of rheumatic heart disease.

Background And Aim Of The Study: Fetuin-A is a circulating glycoprotein that inhibits ectopic calcification. The study aim was first, to assess serum fetuin-A level in patients with calcified rheumatic mitral valve disease (RMVD), and second, to demonstrate the presence of fetuin-A by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in calcified RMVD which, to date, has not been verified in other studies.

Methods: The study group comprised 68 adult patients with isolated RMVD and normal renal function.