N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide as a Marker of Severity of Heart Failure in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases.

N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) has been used as a tool for diagnosis, severity assessment and prognostication of congestive heart failure (CHF) in adults, with specific cut off values for diagnosis and denoting points of intervention. However, there is scarcity of paediatric literature regarding role of NT-proBNP as a marker of heart failure severity and prognostication. So, this study was done to assess the utility of NT-proBNP as a marker of severity of heart failure in children with congenital heart diseases.

Evidence-Based Guidelines for the Management of Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis (ABPA) in Children and Adolescents with Asthma.

Background: Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) frequently complicates asthma. There is urgent need to develop evidence-based guidelines for the management of ABPA in children. The Evidence Based Guideline Development Group (EBGDG) of the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (IAP) National Respiratory Chapter (NRC) addressed this need.

Internet of Things-Based Optimized Routing and Big Data Gathering System for Landslide Detection.

An exponential progression in the miniaturization of communicating devices has proliferated the generation of a large volume of data termed as "big data." The technological advancements in the micro-electro/mechanical system has made it possible to design the low-cost, low-power consuming artificial intelligence (AI)-based wireless sensor nodes to gather the big data belonging to various attributes from their surroundings. These nodes help in the early detection and prediction for the occurrence of landslides, which are among the catastrophic hazards.

Revisiting the Perfluorinated Trityl Cation.

Although ultimately not isolable for X-ray structural characterization, the free perfluorinated trityl cation was shown to be observable in neat triflic acid, which represents milder conditions than previous reports of this cation in "magic acid" or oleum. A triflate-bound species could be generated in organic solvents using stoichiometric amounts of triflic acid and was shown to be synthetically viable for hydride abstraction from Et SiH. It was demonstrated that the para-position on the -C F rings is the primary point of attack for decomposition of the cation.

Asthma and Medicines - Long-Term Side-Effects, Monitoring and Dose Titration.

Asthma is a major pediatric respiratory morbidity requiring long-term management. A thorough knowledge of long-term medication side-effects in children is, thus, essential for every physician dealing with childhood asthma. Establishing diagnosis and initiating treatment is just a beginning of the journey.

Ophelia syndrome: Hodgkin lymphoma with limbic encephalitis.

Background: Limbic encephalitis, an immune-mediated encephalitis, results from inflammation in the medial temporal lobes. The paraneoplastic form is rare in pediatric population, and frequently precedes tumor diagnosis.

Case Characteristics: A 9-year-old boy receiving chemotherapy for Hodgkin lymphoma, developed headache, temporal lobe seizures, anxiety, hallucinations, short-term memory loss and autonomic disturbances.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis: A case report and review of the literature.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a well characterized immune-mediated encephalitis. It is increasingly being recognized as one of the common causes of encephalitis, but is frequently misdiagnosed especially in resource-constrained settings. With a simple test available to diagnose the disorder and prospects of good recovery following early immunotherapy, the disorder should be kept as a differential diagnosis in patients presenting with unexplained behavioral/psychiatric symptoms and progressive encephalopathy with movement disorders.

Post-traumatic Headache: An Uncommon but Treatable Entity.

Post-traumatic headache is a recognized sequel of all types of head injuries and reported in up to 6.8% of children with head-injuries. Two varieties, acute (resolving within 3 months) and persistent have been described.

Neurological Wilson's disease with refractory rickets.

Wilson's disease rarely presents with isolated neurological complaints without any hepatic involvement. Refractory rickets with Wilson's disease has been infrequently reported in literature. We are reporting a case of isolated neurological Wilson's disease associated with refractory rickets which on complete evaluation was diagnosed as familial hypophosphatemic rickets.

Validation of IMNCI algorithm for young infants (0-2 months) in India.

Objective: To check the validity of Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) algorithm for young infants (0-2 months).

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: The outpatient department and emergency room of a medical college attached hospital.

Multi-drug resistant childhood tuberculosis.

Emergence of drug resistant tuberculosis is one of the major challenges faced by health community globally. Tuberculosis is an important cause of morbidity and mortality among children in endemic areas, yet little is known regarding epidemiology of pediatric tuberculosis and even far lesser information is available about epidemiology, diagnosis, management and treatment outcome of drug resistant tuberculosis in children. Despite limited data and difficulties in its management, drug resistant tuberculosis can be successfully treated even in resource poor settings with proper use of existing technologies.

Effective implementation of a structured psychoeducation programme among caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in the community.

Background: Psychoeducation has shown promising benefits in managing patients with schizophrenia. In Malaysia, the use of psychoeducation is rather limited and its impact indeterminate.

Aims: To assess the effectiveness of a structured psychoeducation programme for the community in improving caregiver knowledge, decreasing caregivers' burden, reducing patients' readmission and defaulter follow up rates.

Cumulative cardiac toxicity of sodium stibogluconate and amphotericin B in treatment of kala-azar.

Kala-azar or visceral leishmaniasis is a disseminated protozoal infection caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania (Leishmania donovani in India). Conventional therapy for visceral leishmaniasis continues to be pentavalent antimony (sodium antimony gluconate [SAG]). Amphotericin B is widely used for SAG-unresponsive cases and sometimes even as a first-line drug, especially in endemic areas.

Unifocal Granuloma of Femur due to Langerhans' Cell Histiocytosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

The radiological diagnosis of osteolytic lesions of the long bones in pediatric population constitutes a challenge when the case history and clinical data are uncharacteristic. We believe that the description of few clinically and histologically proven cases to verify the existence of radiological signs useful for diagnosis may be of interest. Here, we describe a case of Langerhans' cell histiocytosis (LCH) presenting as unifocal eosinophilic granuloma of femur along with a brief review of the literature.