Shear Wave Elastography as an Supplement Tool in Differentiating Benign and Malignant Axillary Lymph Nodes.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of quantitative shear wave elastography in differentiating benign and malignant axillary lymph nodes (ALN).

Methods: Exactly 127 lymph nodes from 127 patients with clinically palpable axillary swelling were examined by both B-mode sonography and elastography from November 2022 to March 2024. Gray-scale sonograms were evaluated based on: the short-axis diameter, shape, hilum, maximum cortical thickness, and border of the ALN.

Electrochemically grafted molecular layers as on-chip energy storage molecular junctions.

Molecular junctions (MJs) are celebrated nanoelectronic devices for mimicking conventional electronic functions, including rectifiers, sensors, wires, switches, transistors, negative differential resistance, and memory, following an understanding of charge transport mechanisms. However, capacitive nanoscale molecular junctions are rarely seen. The present work describes electrochemically (E-Chem) grown covalently attached molecular thin films of 10, 14.

Unraveling the nutritional potential of millet by-products through extraction of high value compounds for the development of novel food products.

Millets are drought-resistant crops that generate significant amount of by-products (bran, husk, stalk etc.) during harvesting and processing. These by-products are storehouse of nutrients and high value compounds including polyphenols, dietary fiber, proteins etc.

Electrosynthesis of Ru (II)-Polypyridyl Oligomeric Films on ITO Electrode for Two Terminal Non-Volatile Memory Devices and Neuromorphic Computing.

Molecular electronics exhibiting resistive-switching memory features hold great promise for the next generation of digital technology. In this work, electrosynthesis of ruthenium polypyridyl nanoscale oligomeric films is demonstrated on an indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode followed by an ITO top contact deposition yielding large-scale (junction area = 0.7 × 0.

Transcription factors and genome biases in polyploid crops.

Nuclear protein transcription factors (TFs) regulate all biological processes in plants and are necessary for gene regulation. The transcription of genes during plant growth and development and their response to environmental cues are regulated by TF binding to specific promoter regions in the genomic DNA. Polyploid plants with several sets of chromosomes frequently display intricate genomic biases concerning TF expression.

A quality improvement initiative to improve growth monitoring of children attending immunization clinic in an urban primary health centre in Delhi.

Background: Immunization clinics present an opportunity for passive screening for malnutrition among young children through plotting of growth charts. Passive screening for malnutrition can enable timely interventions and improve morbidity and mortality of under-five children. Therefore, we aimed to increase the plotting of growth charts (weight-for-age) to 90%, among under-five children attending immunization clinics in an Urban Health Centre (UHC) in south Delhi over three months.

Trends in syphilis seroreactivity among blood donors: A 17-year retrospective analysis and follow-up at a tertiary care hospital.

Background And Objectives: This study aimed to assess the seroprevalence of syphilis among blood donors, evaluate the response rate of seroreactive donors, and investigate high-risk behaviors.

Material And Methods: The study presents a retrospective analysis of syphilis seroreactivity among blood donors over a 17 year period. Blood donations were screened for syphilis using the Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) card test.

Situational analysis of human and agricultural health practice: One Health and antibiotic use in an indigenous village in rural Punjab, India.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the biggest threats to health globally. The rise of AMR has been largely attributed to the misuse and abuse of antimicrobials in veterinary, human, and agricultural medicine. This study aimed to assess human, livestock, and agricultural health profiles, and practices of One Health and antibiotic use through a situational analysis of an Indigenous village Gurah, in a rural area of Mohali district in Punjab state using a demographic and facility survey.

A multimedia tool for infection prevention and control practices in the intensive care unit: a participatory interventional before-after study.

Background: Infection prevention and control (IPC) practices by critical care nurses are crucial in preventing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and central-line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI).

Aim: To implement an integrative approach to developing a set of IPC practices and disseminating information on the IPC practices through an educational multimedia tool to improve compliance with the practices.

Methods: This participatory interventional before-after study was conducted in a single tertiary care centre's cardiac surgical intensive care unit (ICU) from May 2022 to March 2023.

Metabolomics-Driven Biomarker Discovery for Breast Cancer Prognosis and Diagnosis.

Breast cancer is a cancer with global prevalence and a surge in the number of cases with each passing year. With the advancement in science and technology, significant progress has been achieved in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer to make ends meet. The scientific intradisciplinary subject of "metabolomics" examines every metabolite found in a cell, tissue, system, or organism from different sources of samples.

Harnessing the potential of long non-coding RNAs in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a diverse neurodegenerative disease, is the leading cause of dementia, accounting for 60-80 % of all cases. The pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease is unknown, and there is no cure at this time. Recent developments in transcriptome-wide profiling have led to the identification of a number of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs).

Intravenous iron sucrose when administered to moderately anemic pregnant women raises the hemoglobin concentration and replenishes body iron at 6 months.

Introduction: Intravenous iron sucrose (IVIS) is a rapidly acting, safe, and effective treatment for moderate anemia among pregnant women. The effectiveness of IVIS at 6 months post IVIS infusion was unknown. We, therefore, assessed the mean increase in hemoglobin concentration and body iron replenishment status at 6 months after the last dose of IVIS infusion.

How Can One Metal Power Nucleic Acid Phosphodiester Bond Cleavage by a Nuclease? Multiscale Computational Studies Highlight a Diverse Mechanistic Landscape.

Despite the remarkable resistance of the nucleic acid phosphodiester backbone to degradation affording genetic stability, the P-O bond must be broken during DNA repair and RNA metabolism, among many other critical cellular processes. Nucleases are powerful enzymes that can enhance the uncatalyzed rate of phosphodiester bond cleavage by up to ∼10-fold. Despite the most well accepted hydrolysis mechanism involving two metals (M to activate a water nucleophile and M to stabilize the leaving group), experimental evidence suggests that some nucleases can use a single metal to facilitate the chemical step, a controversial concept in the literature.

Use of blended feeds in children requiring tube feeding.

Aim: The use of blended tube feeding (BTF) in children is a controversial area with persistent concerns regarding the nutritional adequacy and risk of associated infections and equipment complications. Parents in Australia are electing to use BTF in their children despite local hospital guidelines, calling for further research to support its use.

Methods: A retrospective case-series study was conducted at a tertiary paediatric hospital, to characterise the paediatric population electively using BTF and evaluate their clinical outcomes.

Evaluation of the efficacy of convalescent plasma in moderate to severe COVID-19 during 2020-2021: a retrospective observational study.

Convalescent plasma therapy (CPT) is one of the treatment modalities used for COVID-19. Initial smaller studies showed the usefulness of CPT in COVID-19, but larger studies showed that it is not effective. This is a retrospective observational study conducted between 1st June 2020 and 31st July 2021 at a tertiary hospital in Noida, India.

Standardisation of Blood Pressure Measurement Among Patients Attending an Urban Primary Health Centre: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Accurate blood pressure (BP) measurement is essential for detecting, diagnosing, treating, and monitoring hypertensive individuals. This qualitative improvement initiative study is aimed at improving adherence to standardised BP measurement protocols in an urban primary health centre in Delhi, India. This study was conducted using a checklist based on World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines.

Exploring the complexities of slum vulnerability in Haryana, India: a qualitative research journey into economic, social, physical, and health dimensions.

Purpose: The study explores the conditions contributing to slum dweller's vulnerability to poor health and examines interplay between economic, physical/infrastructural, and social factors affecting health status to inform policy and programme.

Methods: The methodology deployed for data analysis was mixed deductive-inductive. A deductive framework was adapted for categorizing the data into four broad themes: Economic, Physical/Infrastructure, Social, and Health.

: A Tale of Stealth and Endurance.

() , an opportunistic human fungal pathogen, causes mucosal and deep-seated infections in immunocompromised individuals. Recently designated as a high-priority fungal pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), exhibits low inherent susceptibility to azole antifungals. In addition, about 10% clinical isolates of display co-resistance to both azole and echinocandin drugs.

Role of Probiotic in Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Randomised Controlled Non-blinded Trial from India.

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a prevalent form of vaginitis, and most patients show improvement when treated with antifungal medications. However, recurrence may affect a minority. It has been found through previous research that the concomitant utilisation of probiotics during acute VVC leads to early relief of symptoms and signs and offers a preventive measure against recurrences.

Kidney Dimensions and its Correlation with Anthropometric Parameters in Healthy North Indian Adults.

Background: Knowledge of kidney size is important in the assessment of kidney function. Changes in kidney size can occur in various kidney diseases due to different causes, hence knowledge of normal kidney dimensions in a population is crucial for diagnosis, follow-up and prognostication. While data from other parts of the world does not apply to the Indian population due to differences in ethnicity, diet and body sizes, and there is also a lack of standardized data on normal kidney sizes in healthy Indian adults.

Diabetes distress and associated factors among adults with diabetes mellitus residing in a metropolitan city of India: a community-based study.

Background: Diabetes distress "refers to the negative emotional or affective experiences resulting from the challenge of living with the demands of diabetes." Despite recommendations to screen for distress at regular intervals, it usually remains undiagnosed. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of diabetes distress among adults living with diabetes, determine the factors associated with distress, the association between selfcare and distress, glycemic control and distress and compare the health-related quality of life among those with and without distress.

LL-37, the master antimicrobial peptide, its multifaceted role from combating infections to cancer immunity.

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) represent a unique group of naturally occurring molecules having diverse biological activities, including potent antimicrobial properties. Among them, LL-37 has emerged as a significant player, demonstrating its multifaceted roles during bacterial, fungal, and viral infections, as well as exhibiting intriguing implications in cancer. This review delves into the versatile functions of LL-37, elucidating its mechanisms of action against microbial pathogens and its potential to modulate immune responses.