Probiotics and gut microbiota: mechanistic insights into gut immune homeostasis through TLR pathway regulation.

Consumption of probiotics as a useful functional food improves the host's wellbeing, and, when paired with prebiotics (indigestible dietary fibre/carbohydrate), often benefits the host through anaerobic fermentation. In this regard, many factors, including dietary ingredients and intestinal microbiota, influence the gut immune system's ability to sustain homeostasis. Thus, alteration of the intestinal microbiota is a potential alternative approach for maintaining health and preventing diseases.

Advancement in CRISPR/Cas9 Technology to Better Understand and Treat Neurological Disorders.

Neurological disorders have complicated pathophysiology that may involve several genetic mutations. Conventional treatment has limitations as they only treat apparent symptoms. Although, personalized medicine is emerging as a promising neuro-intervention, lack of precision is the major pitfall.

Gastrointestinal Changes and Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: There is a well-described mechanism of communication between the brain and gastrointestinal system in which both organs influence the function of the other. This bi-directional communication suggests that disease in either organ may affect function in the other.

Objective: To assess whether the evidence supports gastrointestinal system inflammatory or degenerative pathophysiology as a characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Partial mole with coexistent live fetus: A systematic review of case reports.

Objective: Molar pregnancy coexistent with a live fetus can be a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. With increasing incidence of multiple pregnancies, there has also been an increase in twin pregnancy with one mole in the recent years. The authors discuss the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and prenatal diagnosis and attempt to design a possible management strategy, to help guide the treating physician, in the management of partial mole with live pregnancy, thereby improving maternal and fetal prognosis.

Perceptions of Good Health and Impact of COVID-19 Among Adolescents in a Low-Income Urban Agglomerate in Delhi, India: A Qualitative Study.

Adolescents constitute 16% of the global population and are susceptible to adverse health and illness from substance abuse, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, and high-risk sexual behaviors. We conducted this study to assess the perceptions of good health, health-seeking behavior, and health service utilization among adolescents living in a low-income urban neighborhood after the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 23 adolescents, including 12 males and 11 females, were interviewed.

Health-Seeking Behaviour for Childhood Ailments in Caregivers of Under-Five Children in an Urban Resettlement Colony in Delhi, India.

This explorative qualitative study assesses the health-seeking behaviour for childhood ailments in caregivers of under-five children in a low-income neighbourhood in Delhi, India during July-September 2021. A total of 17 caregivers (mothers) of eight male and nine female under-five children were enrolled, with the mother being the caregiver in most (94%) cases. Caregivers consulted on common childhood ailments from multiple sources, including family, neighbours, healthcare providers (both licensed and unlicensed), frontline workers, and local pharmacists.

Mirizzi-Induced Bouveret's Syndrome: Revelations of Timely Surgical Intervention.

Bouveret's syndrome is an unusual clinical presentation of gastric-outlet obstruction and is the most infrequent variant of gallstone ileus with just over 300 cases in the literature. A 73-year-old female presented with innocuous constitutional symptoms and was found to have Mirizzi type Vb, a cholecystoduodenal fistula with obstruction. Esophago-gastroduodenoscopy-attempted dislodgement was unsuccessful.

Role of Innate Immune Regulatory Genes, and in Chronic Hepatitis B Infection.

Persistence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection leading to chronic infection and its sequalae is responsible for over half a million deaths worldwide. The reason for persistence of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is still not clearly understood. An attempt was made to understand the role of immune regulatory genes in CHB in comparison to spontaneously cleared HBV infection.

Novel Electrochemical Synthesis and Characterization of Zn(II) Metal Organic Framework for Photo-catalytic and Sensing Applications.

Multidentate 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (organic linker), Zn (II) based Zn-BTC has been synthesized via electrochemical method. Quantitative and Qualitative analyses of synthesized metal-organic framework (MOF) have been done using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Energy Dispersive X- Ray Spectroscopy (EDS), and Photoluminescence (PL). Powder X-Ray Diffraction (PXRD) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) have been used for crystallographic and morphological & topographical analyses, respectively.

Respiratory viruses among ethnic Nicobarese during COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) are public health burdens globally. The percentage of non-SARS CoV-2 respiratory viruses among patients having ARI and SARI who visit Car Nicobar's hospital settings is undocumented. Changes in the epidemiology of other respiratory viruses during COVID19 pandemic is being reported worldwide.

Dual mTORC1/2 inhibition compromises cell defenses against exogenous stress potentiating Obatoclax-induced cytotoxicity in atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors.

Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) are the most common malignant brain tumors of infancy and have a dismal 4-year event-free survival (EFS) of 37%. We have previously shown that mTOR activation contributes to AT/RT's aggressive growth and poor survival. Targeting the mTOR pathway with the dual mTORC1/2 inhibitor TAK-228 slows tumor growth and extends survival in mice bearing orthotopic xenografts.

Molecular evolutionary analysis of the SM and SNARE vesicle fusion machinery in ciliates shows concurrent expansions in late secretory machinery.

Protists in the phylum Ciliophora possess a complex membrane-trafficking system, including osmoregulatory Contractile Vacuoles and specialized secretory organelles. Molecular cell biological investigations in Tetrahymena thermophila have identified components of the protein machinery associated with the secretory organelles, mucocysts. The Qa-SNARE Syn7lp plays a role in mucocyst biogenesis as do subunits of the CORVET tethering complex (specifically Vps8).

Apps on Google Play Store to assist in self-management of hypertension in Indian context: features analysis study.

Background: A large number of individuals with hypertension are turning to the Internet and m-health technologies for assistance. There is a need to study the content of smartphone applications on hypertension. The study aimed to review and investigate the functional and analytical characteristics of apps related to the self-management of hypertension available on Google Play Store.

Biosurfactant production prospects of a Gram-negative bacterium-Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp. ozaenae BK34.

Increasing environmental concerns have brought natural surfactant produced by microorganisms into limelight due to their lesser toxicity, biodegradable nature, and retention of activity at extreme conditions. In the present investigation, the surfactant production perspective of capsulated Gram-negative bacilli Klebsiella pneumoniae ssp. ozaenae BK34 was explored.

Pressure and temperature dependence of fluorescence anisotropy of green fluorescent protein.

We have studied the effect of high hydrostatic pressure and temperature on the steady state fluorescence anisotropy of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP). We find that the fluorescence anisotropy of GFP at a constant temperature decreases with increasing pressure. At atmospheric pressure, anisotropy decreases with increasing temperature but exhibits a maximum with temperature for pressure larger than 20 MPa.

Wheatgrass powder-enriched functional pasta: Techno-functional, phytochemical, textural, sensory, and structural characterization.

The influence of semolina replacement with wheatgrass powder (WGP; 3%-15%) was evaluated with reference to nutritional, techno-functional, phytochemical, textural, and structural characteristics of functional pasta. Results showed that incorporation of WGP significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the pasting viscosity of flour blends, while it increased the water and oil absorption capacity and water solubility index.

Distribution of biopsied gingival lesions according to the proceedings from the 2017 World Workshop classification: A three-year retrospective study.

Background: The gingiva is a common site for neoplastic or non-neoplastic lesions. Neoplasms refer to progressive autonomous growth that can have either a benign or a malignant course. On the other hand, non-neoplastic lesions are mainly inflammatory, or occur as a reaction to some kind of irritation or lowgrade injury.

A Novel Method for the Synthesis of MOF-199 for Sensing and Photocatalytic Applications.

Multifunctional Cu (II)-based Metal Organic Framework (MOF) [Cu(BTC)] has been synthesized by a facile electrochemical method. Crystallographic and morphological characterizations of synthesized MOF have been done using Powder X-ray Diffractometer and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), respectively, whereas Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS), UV-Vis Absorption Spectroscopy and Energy Resolved Luminescence Spectroscopic studies have been used for the detailed qualitative, quantitative as well as optical analyses. Sharp PXRD peaks indicate the formation of highly crystalline MOF with face centered cubic (fcc) structure.

Association of clinically significant weight loss with number of patient visits and months of attendance at an Australian multidisciplinary weight management clinic.

Despite the obesity epidemic, there are relatively few multidisciplinary obesity services in Australia, and only limited data on the effectiveness of these services. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a university hospital-based weight management clinic-the 'Healthy Weight Clinic' in supporting patients to achieve clinically significant weight loss (≥5% reduction in body weight), weight maintenance, and changes in body composition. A retrospective review was conducted to determine weight and associated health outcomes in patients who attended an initial consultation in the first 2 years of the clinic-between March 2017 and March 2019.

Nosocomial disseminated fusariosis in a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient.

We report a case of nosocomial disseminated Fusarium in a stem cell transplant recipient. Identification of hospital fungal water reservoirs with routine surveillance cultures could potentially decrease rates of invasive infection.

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of a New Myxozoan, sp. nov. (Myxosporea), Infecting the Grass Carp, in the Gomti River, India.

Myxosporeans are well-known parasites infecting food fishes in fresh and marine water around the globe. Grass carp ), a freshwater food fish commonly cultured in India with has significant economic importance. Herein, the study focuses on the description of a new myxosporean species, sp.

Fibrosarcoma: Origin, differential diagnosis, and report of a case in the mandible.

Fibrosarcoma (FS) is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal cells with no specific line of differentiation. Histologically, it mimics the wide spectrum of benign and malignant spindle cell neoplasms creating diagnostic conundrum. Immunohistochemistry plays a crucial role in the diagnosis which relies on various antibodies reacting with different antigens expressed by heterogeneous cells.

A Nonenzymatic Analog of Pyrimidine Nucleobase Biosynthesis.

Metabolic theories for the origin of life posit that inorganic catalysts enabled self-organized chemical precursors to the pathways of metabolism, including those that make genetic molecules. Recently, experiments showing nonenzymatic versions of a number of core metabolic pathways have started to support this idea. However, experimental demonstrations of nonenzymatic reaction sequences along the de novo ribonucleotide biosynthesis pathways are limited.

Prolapsing giant right atrial myxoma in a young male presenting as pulmonary embolism.

A 22-year male presented with complaints of dyspnea. Multimodality imaging revealed a polypoidal right atrial mass with submassive pulmonary embolism. The patient underwent urgent surgery.

Development and On-Field Deployment of a Mobile-Based Application 'MoSQuIT' for Malaria Surveillance in International Border Districts of Northeast India-Challenges and Opportunities.

The conventional paper-based system for malaria surveillance is time-consuming, difficult to track and resource-intensive. Few digital platforms are in use but wide-scale deployment and acceptability remain to be seen. To address this issue, we created a malaria surveillance mobile app that offers real-time data to stakeholders and establishes a centralised data repository.