Health impacts of asphalt emissions: Examining neurological risks and the need for long-term exposure mitigation.

Asphalt, widely used in infrastructure, emits complex chemical mixtures throughout its service life, posing significant risks to human health and the environment. This expanded understanding extends the concern from a construction-related hazard to a broader public health issue, especially affecting vulnerable populations like children who play on blacktop surfaces. Despite increased awareness, the specific mechanisms behind asphalt emissions, their impact on asphalt deterioration, and their effects on the human nervous system remain poorly understood.

Microbes mediated alleviation of chromium (Cr VI) stress for improved phytoextraction in fodder maize ( L.) cultivar.

This study investigates the potential of chromium (VI) resistant bacterial isolates to alleviate heavy metal stress in fodder maize plants and enhance phytoremediation. Twenty-one bacterial strains were isolated from contaminated water, with five strains; (BHR1) (BHR2), (BHR4), (BHR5) and (BHR6) selected based on their significant plant-growth promoting (PGP) traits and heavy metal tolerance. Under chromium (Cr VI) stress, the BHR1 strain significantly improved seed germination, seedling length and vigor index of fodder maize variety (J 1007) especially at 150 mg/L Cr (VI), where these parameters increased by 3.

Advances in polysaccharide-based materials for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications: A comprehensive review.

Polysaccharides, the most abundant biopolymers in nature, have attracted the attention of researchers and clinicians due to its practicality in biomedical and pharmaceutical sciences. These biomaterials have high bioavailability and play structural and functional roles in living organisms. Polysaccharides are classified into several groups based on their origin, including plant polysaccharides and marine polysaccharides (like chitosan, hyaluronic acid, dextran, alginates, etc.

Trends of coinfections among healthy blood donors: COVID-19 pandemic repercussion.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection has emerged as a leading cause of morbidity throughout the world in the last two decades. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has escalated the disease burden further by increasing the number of intravenous (IV) drug abusers and unemployment.

Aim: The present study was done to analyse the impact of COVID-19 on seroprevalence as well as trends during pre, post and pandemic years of coinfection and mono-infections in the Malwa region of Punjab.

Predictive accuracy of fecal calprotectin for histologic remission in ulcerative colitis.

Background/aims: Accurate assessment of disease activity is crucial for effective management and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). This study evaluated the correlation between clinical, endoscopic, and histologic measures of disease activity in UC.

Methods: Clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, and histologic disease activity was studied in 347 patients with UC.

Alpha-synuclein expression in neurons modulates Japanese encephalitis virus infection.

Unlabelled: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) stands as a prominent vector-borne zoonotic pathogen, displaying neurotropism and eliciting Parkinson's disease (PD)-like symptoms among most symptomatic survivors. A characteristic feature of PD is the aggregation of mutated α-synuclein (α-syn) that damages the dopaminergic neurons. Considering this link between JEV-induced PD-like symptoms and α-syn pathogenesis, we explored the role of α-syn in JEV infectivity in neuronal cells.

Molecular and phylogenetic characterization of a Cnidarian parasite (Cnidaria: Myxozoa) , infecting gills of Indian major carp, .

Gill haemorrhagic disease is a significant health issue in Indian major carps, including . In this study, we investigate the molecular description of , the identified causative agent of gill haemorrhagic disease in these fishes. Remarkably, no-one published molecular description of exists to date.

Post-transcriptional regulation of and mRNAs is mediated by Bruno 1 and Cup, and further fine-tuned within P-bodies.

Cell cycle progression is tightly controlled by the regulated synthesis and degradation of Cyclins, such as Cyclin A and Cyclin B, which activate CDK1 to trigger mitosis. Mutations affecting Cyclin regulation are often linked to tumorigenesis, making the study of cyclin mRNA regulation critical for identifying new cancer therapies. In this study, we demonstrate via super-resolution microscopy that and mRNAs associate with Bruno 1 and Cup in nurse cells.

The p53/miRNA Axis in Breast Cancer.

One of the main health issues in the modern world is cancer, with breast cancer (BC) as one of the most common types of malignancies. Different environmental and genetic risk factors are involved in the development of BC. One of the primary genes implicated in cancer development is the p53 gene, which is also known as the "gatekeeper" gene.

Introgression and Mapping of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD) Resistance from Wild Kearney into Upland Cotton (. L.).

Cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD), caused by the whitefly transmitted geminivirus complex (Cotton leaf curl virus - CLCuV and their satellite molecules), is a serious threat to successful upland cotton production in northwest India, Pakistan, and China. The disease causes significant losses in fibre yield and the quality of cotton. Owing to the regular emergence of resistance breaking strains of CLCuV, all the previously available CLCuD resistant germplasms of upland cotton have become compromised and none of the extant upland cotton cultivars is resistant to this disease.

Bile Acids as Modulators of α-Synuclein Aggregation: Implications for Parkinson's Therapy.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the aggregation of α-synuclein into toxic amyloid fibrils. Recent research suggests that bile acids altered in PD may influence their aggregation. This study investigates the effects of lithocholic acid (LCA) and deoxycholic acid (DCA) on α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity.

An overview of lncRNA NEAT1 contribution in the pathogenesis of female cancers; from diagnosis to therapy resistance.

Despite the ongoing progress in detecting and treating cancer, there is still a need for extensive research into the molecular mechanisms involved in the emergence, progression, and resistance to recurrence of female reproductive tissue-specific cancers such as ovarian, breast, cervical, and endometrial cancers. The nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (NEAT1) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that exhibits increased expression in female tumors. Moreover, elevated levels of NEAT1 have been associated with poorer survival outcomes in cancer patients.

The genomic diversity and antimicrobial resistance of Non-typhoidal in humans and food animals in Northern India.

Introduction: Non-typhoidal (NTS) serovars are the leading global cause of gastroenteritis and have established reservoirs in food animals.

Gap Statement: Due to a lack of surveillance, there is limited information on the distribution of NTS serovars in India.

Aim: Here, we investigated the epidemiology, sequence types, serovar distribution, phylogenetic relatedness, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of NTS in humans and animals across a large geographic area in Northern India.

Enhanced venous thrombosis and hypercoagulability in murine and human metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Background: Patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) are at an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolic events, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT). To date, the study of DVT in MASH has been hampered by the lack of reliable models that mimic the pathologic aspects of human disease.

Objectives: To evaluate DVT severity and hypercoagulability in murine and human MASH.

SIRT-1/RHOT-1/PGC-1α loop modulates mitochondrial biogenesis and transfer to offer resilience following endovascular stem cell therapy in ischemic stroke.

Current clinical interventions for stroke majorly involve thrombolysis or thrombectomy, however, cessation of the progressive deleterious cellular cascades post-stroke and long-term neuroprotection are yet to be explored. Mitochondria are highly vulnerable organelles and their dysfunction is one of the detrimental consequences following stroke. Mitochondria dysregulation activate unfavourable cellular events over a period of time that leads to the collapse of neuronal machinery in the brain.

Evidence-based neuroprotective potential of nonfeminizing estrogens: In vitro and in vivo studies.

Menopause weakens the brain's structural integrity and increases its susceptibility to a range of degenerative and mental illnesses. 17β estradiol (17βE2) exhibits potent neuroprotective properties. Exogenous estrogen supplementation provides neuroprotection, but the findings presented by the Million Women Study (MWS) and the Women's Health Initiative (WHI), as well as the increased risk of endometrial cancer, breast cancer and venous thromboembolism associated with estrogen use, have cast doubt on its clinical use for neurological disorders.

Hydrogels as a Potential Biomaterial for Multimodal Therapeutic Applications.

Hydrogels, composed of hydrophilic polymer networks, have emerged as versatile materials in biomedical applications due to their high water content, biocompatibility, and tunable properties. They mimic natural tissue environments, enhancing cell viability and function. Hydrogels' tunable physical properties allow for tailored antibacterial biomaterial, wound dressings, cancer treatment, and tissue engineering scaffolds.

A qualitative analysis to identify the issues of tuberculosis management in tribal areas of Rajasthan.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a disease with social issue. Tribal people are disproportionately affected by TB. There is a scarcity of data on issues of TB management among the tribal groups of India.

Zinc triazolate oxalate CALF-20 with platelet morphology and its PEBAX-based mixed matrix membranes for CO/N separation.

CALF-20, [Zn(1,2,4-triazolate)(oxalate)] shows remarkable performance in post-combustion carbon capture, even under humid conditions but its reported crystal morphology hinders its applicability in mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). Here, a route to its preparation as platelets a few tens of nm thick is reported. These were incorporated into a PEBAX MH1567 polymer matrix and the resultant MMMs display improvement in CO permeability and CO/N selectivity.

The effects of ω-3 fatty acids on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials.

Background & Aims: Taking into account the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of omega-3 fatty acids and the evidence indicating the role of chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in the pathophysiology diabetes, this study aimed to determine the effect of ω-3 fatty acids on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.

Methods: A systematic search up to July 30, 2023 was completed in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases, to identify eligible RCTs. Heterogeneity tests of the selected studies were performed using the I.

Intravascular lithotripsy in coronary arteries: a review of case reports.

Background: Calcified coronary arteries encountered during percutaneous intervention increase the probability of unsuccessful procedures. Heavy calcification of coronary arteries may lead to suboptimal stent expansion. Intravascular lithotripsy (IVL) is a novel method of transmitting sonic waves in pulses, which fractures the calcific plaque in the vessel with minimal soft tissue injury.

Isolating pathogenic multidrug-resistant Aeromonas hydrophila from diseased fish and assessing the effectiveness of a novel lytic Aeromonas veronii bacteriophage (AVP3) for biocontrol.

The increasing trend of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) pathogens in aquaculture makes it is imperative to find control measures for AMR pathogens causing high economic losses in aquaculture. In the present study, a multidrug resistance (MDR) Aeromonas hydrophila bacterium was isolated from kidney samples of diseased carp originating from a fish farm in Awankot, Rupnagar, Punjab, India. Moribund-infected fish exhibited large irregular hemorrhages on the external body surfaces, exophthalmia and fin-rot-like lesions.