Behavior Intervention Response Team: Piloting an Effective Means to Manage Patient- and Family-Disruptive Behaviors.

Goal: This article describes the development and implementation of a behavior intervention response team (BIRT). Pilot data indicate the successful implementation of BIRT interventions with patients and families and the positive staff response to these interventions.

Methods: Patient- and family-disruptive behaviors are increasing in hospitals.

Effects of Cumulative Head Impact Exposure in Adolescent Male Contact and Collision Sport Student Athletes.

Objective: This prospective cohort study aimed to investigate the association between head impact exposure (HIE) and neuropsychological sequelae in high school football and ice hockey players over 1 year.

Setting: Community sample.

Participants: A cohort of 52 adolescent American football and ice hockey players were enrolled in the study, with a final study sample of 35 included in analyses.

Assessing Preseason Baseline Cognitive Functioning in High School Student Athletes: A "Hybrid" Approach.

Objective: International consensus statements highlight the value of neuropsychological testing for sport-related concussion. Computerized measures are the most frequently administered assessments of pre-injury baseline and post-injury cognitive functioning, despite known measurement limitations. To our knowledge, no studies have explored the convergent validity of computerized Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) and traditional, well-validated paper and pencil (P&P) neuropsychological tests in high school student athletes.

Modified Training Experiences for Psychology Interns and Fellows During COVID-19: Use of Telepsychology and Telesupervision by Child and Adolescent Training Programs.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) has affected opportunities available to psychology interns and postdoctoral fellows completing capstone training experiences during culminating training years. While research supports COVID-19 has increased the use of telepsychology services amongst psychologists, there is a paucity of research regarding how COVID-19 has altered training and use of telepsychology by psychology trainees. The current study includes survey responses from 59 psychology training directors and 58 psychology internship and postdoctoral fellowship trainees at pediatric sites throughout the United States.

Implementation of telehealth during COVID-19: Implications for providing behavioral health services to pediatric patients.

The coronavirus pandemic and in-person contact restrictions necessitated rapid implementation of telehealth, specifically videoconferencing, to provide essential care to patients. This study surveyed 25 pediatric behavioral health providers at a single center during their first month of utilizing telehealth during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Twenty-one participants completed a pre-questionnaire distributed prior to telehealth service delivery, and 23 providers completed a post-questionnaire approximately three weeks later.

Pediatric Teleneuropsychology: Feasibility and Recommendations.

Objective: Teleneuropsychology (TeleNP) is a growing and promising practice within the telemedicine landscape that has been well established within the adult neuropsychology literature. This project aimed to demonstrate the feasibility of TeleNP in a pediatric clinical population and disseminate clinical decision-making procedures to guide best practices for pediatric TeleNP.

Method: This project conducted during the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic reflects the largest clinical cohort to date of TeleNP in a pediatric population (N = 129).

[Gender-specific differences of the early postoperative and oncosurgical long-term outcome in rectal cancer-data obtained in a prospective multicenter observational study].

Background: Gender-specific aspects have been increasingly considered in clinical medicine, also in oncological surgery.

Aim: To analyze gender-specific differences of early postoperative and oncological outcomes after rectal cancer resection based on data obtained in a prospective multicenter observational study.

Patients And Methods: As part of the multicenter prospective observational study "Quality assurance in primary rectal cancer", data on tumor site, exogenic and endogenic risk factors, neoadjuvant treatment, surgical procedures, tumor stage, intraoperative and postoperative complications of patients with the histological diagnosis of rectal cancer were registered.

Early postnatal cranial vault reduction and fixation surgery for severe hydrocephalic macrocephaly.

OBJECTIVE Infants with severe hydrocephalus and extreme macrocephaly typically undergo CSF diversion early in life, which can result in significant cranial deformity due to CSF overdrainage. In this scenario, overlap of the cranial plates can precede the development of secondary synostosis and/or severe, permanent cranial deformity. As a result, extensive cranial vault remodeling is sometimes undertaken later in life, which is often challenging and has been associated with mortality and a high morbidity rate.

Age-related differences in prevalence of autism spectrum disorder symptoms in children and adolescents with Costello syndrome.

Dysregulation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in Costello syndrome (CS) may contribute to increased risk for autism-spectrum disorder (ASD). We examined prevalence of ASD symptoms in 14 individuals (six females) age 1-18 years with molecularly confirmed CS. Caregivers completed the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) for ages 0-4 years (n = 7), and the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) for ages 4 and older (n = 7).

Precision Marangoni-driven patterning.

A Marangoni flow is shown to occur when a polymer film possessing a spatially-defined surface energy pattern is heated above its glass transition to the liquid state. This can be harnessed to rapidly manufacture polymer films possessing prescribed height profiles. To quantify and verify this phenomenon, a model is described here which accurately predicts the formation, growth, and eventual dissipation of topographical features.

Verbal memory functioning in adolescents and young adults with Costello syndrome: evidence for relative preservation in recognition memory.

Costello syndrome (CS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by germline mutations in the HRAS proto-oncogene which belongs to the family of syndromes called rasopathies. HRAS plays a key role in synaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) and memory formation. Prior research has found impaired recall memory in CS despite enhancement in LTP that would predict memory preservation.

Patterning by Photochemically Directing the Marangoni Effect.

Polystyrene (PS) that has been exposed to ultraviolet light (UV) undergoes partial dehydrogenation of the alkane polymer backbone which increases its surface energy. Exploiting this photochemistry, we exposed polystyrene films to UV light using a photomask to induce a patterned photochemical reaction producing regions in the film with differing surface energy. Upon heating the solid polymer film with the preprogrammed surface energy pattern to a liquid state, the polymer flows from the low surface energy unexposed regions to high surface energy exposed regions.

Developmental assessment of infants with biliary atresia: differences between boys and girls.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate whether male and female infants with biliary atresia (BA) differ cognitively and to confirm previously documented developmental lags in infants with BA before liver transplantation.

Methods: With the Mullen Scales of Early Learning, we examined 21 female and 12 male infants (ages 3-20 months) with BA, comparing scores across indices by sex and correlating Mullen Scales of Early Learning scores with standard clinical and biochemical parameters.

Results: Overall, both boys and girls were found to be vulnerable to developmental lags in the areas of expressive language (EL) and gross motor skills.

Nonverbal cognitive development in children with cochlear implants: relationship between the Mullen Scales of Early Learning and later performance on the Leiter International Performance Scales-Revised.

Methodologically, longitudinal assessment of cognitive development in young children has proven difficult because few measures span infancy through school age. This matter is further complicated when the child presents with a sensory deficit such as hearing loss. Few measures are validated in this population, and children who are evaluated for cochlear implantation are often reevaluated annually.

Neurocognitive, adaptive, and behavioral functioning of individuals with Costello syndrome: a review.

Costello syndrome is a rare rasopathy resulting from germline mutations of the proto-oncogene HRAS. Its phenotype includes severe failure-to-thrive, cardiac abnormalities, a predisposition to benign and malignant tumors, hypotonia, and developmental delay. Costello syndrome is associated with cognitive impairment, including intellectual functioning generally in the mild to moderate range of disability, commensurate adaptive functioning, and increased anxiety.

Polymeric cross-linked surface treatments for controlling block copolymer orientation in thin films.

The orientation of cylinder-forming poly(styrene-block-methyl methacrylate) [P(S-b-MMA)] was investigated on two sets of polymeric surface treatments: 10 para-substituted polystyrene derivatives with <10 mol % poly(4-vinylbenzyl azide) and a series of poly(styrene-random-4-vinylbenzyl azide) [P(S-r-VBzAz)] copolymers with 5-100 mol % poly(4-vinylbenzyl azide). The copolymers were spin-coated to form thin films and then cross-linked by heating. The resulting films exhibited a range of surface tensions from 21 to 45 dyn/cm.

Language and motor skills are impaired in infants with biliary atresia before transplantation.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that in very young patients with biliary atresia, cognitive deficits are apparent before transplantation.

Study Design: With the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (Mullen), we examined 15 infants (mean age, 7.8 months) with biliary atresia, correlating Mullen scores with standard clinical and biochemical parameters.

Neurocognitive functioning of a child with partial trisomy 6 and monosomy 21.

This case study describes the neurocognitive presentation of a child with identified genetic abnormalities of trisomy 6 and monosomy 21 who was evaluated as part of a standard medical protocol for cochlear implantation following diagnosis of profound sensorineural hearing loss. This child received neurocognitive testing prior to cochlear implantation and approximately 12 months post-activation of his cochlear implant. While he has not fully developed oral language, his presentation suggested improvement in overall skills since the activation of the cochlear implant; however, less than would be expected for a typically developing child.

Vaginal microbicide preferences among midwestern urban adolescent women.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess adolescent women's preferences for specific microbicide characteristics including pregnancy prevention, timing of application, potential for side effects, and whether it targeted human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or other sexually transmitted infections (STI). Potential differences in microbicide preferences by adolescent age group and behavioral patterns including engaging in sexual intercourse and use of hormonal contraception were examined, as it was hypothesized that as adolescents progress into adulthood and gain sexual experience their preferences in microbicide characteristics may shift.

Method: Adolescent and young women (N = 405, 56.

The relationship of neuropsychological functioning to adaptation outcome in adolescents with spina bifida.

Adolescents with spina bifida (SB) vary in their ability to adapt to the disease, and it is likely that numerous risk and protective factors affect adaptation outcomes. The primary aim was to test neuropsychological impairment, exemplified herein by executive dysfunction, as a risk factor in the Ecological Model of Adaptation for Adolescents with SB. Specific hypotheses were that: (1) executive functioning predicts the adaptation outcome of functional independence in adolescents with SB; (2) executive functioning mediates the impact of neurological severity on functional independence; and (3) family and adolescent protective factors are related to functional independence and moderate the relationship between executive functioning and functional independence.

Teachers' ratings of the academic performance of children with epilepsy.

The present study examined how knowledge of a child's seizure condition is related to teachers' assessment of the child's academic ability. Children with epilepsy were divided into two groups based on teachers' awareness of the children's seizure condition (Label). The children's achievement was assessed using the Woodcock Johnson Tests of Achievement-Revised (WJ-R), and the teacher's ratings were obtained from the Child Behavior Checklist Teacher Report Form (TRF) (Source).

An Absolute Electric Current Probe Based on the Faraday Effect.

This paper describes the design, construction, and testing of a probe for the measurement of electric current in a circuit. This measurement is performed by using Faraday rotation produced in a beam of polarized light that encircles the current-carrying conductor. Such a probe is an absolute instrument whose calibration only depends upon the Verdet constant of the rotative medium and is independent of the dimensions or positions of the light path relative to the current.

Realization of a new type of birefringent filter.

A birefringent filter based upon a new principle described in a theoretical paper by one of the authors has been constructed. The theory developed there has been verified experimentally in all respects. Limitatations on a filter of this type are discussed along with possible applications.