Role of MRI as first-line modality in the detection of previously undiagnosed otosclerosis: a single tertiary institute experience.

Background: Otosclerosis causes conductive, sensorineural and mixed hearing loss (CHL, SNHL, MHL) and tinnitus in young adults. It is best diagnosed on high-resolution CT (HRCT). Occasionally, patients presenting with SNHL and/or tinnitus may undergo temporal bone MRI as the first investigation.

Thrombosis of a portal vein aneurysm: a case report with literature review.

Objectives: Portal vein aneurysm is an unusual vascular dilatation of the portal vein. The etiology, diagnosis and management are ill-defined.

Methods: A case of a portal vein aneurysm complicated with complete thrombosis is presented with a literature review providing an overview of the etiology, clinical presentation and management.

A new imaging technology to reduce the radiation dose during uterine fibroid embolization.

Background: Uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) is a minimally invasive imaging-guided treatment using radiation exposure.

Purpose: To compare the patients' radiation exposure during UFE before and after introduction of a new X-ray imaging platform.

Material And Methods: Forty-one patients were enrolled in a prospective, comparative two-arm project before and after introduction of a new X-ray imaging platform with reduced dose settings, i.

Whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of recurrent ovarian cancer: a clinical feasibility study.

Objective: To assess the clinical feasibility of whole-body diffusion-weighted MRI (WB-DWI/MRI) for diagnosis and prediction of complete tumour resection in patients with suspected recurrent ovarian cancer.

Methods: 51 females clinically suspected for ovarian cancer recurrence underwent 3-T WB-DWI/MRI in addition to contrast-enhanced CT. WB-DWI/MRI was assessed for detection of tumour recurrence, prediction of tumour extent and complete resection compared with CT.

Malformations of the middle and inner ear on CT imaging in 22q11 deletion syndrome.

The 22q11 deletion syndrome (22q11DS), the most frequent microdeletion syndrome in humans, presents with a large variety of abnormalities. A common abnormality is hearing impairment. The exact pathophysiological explanation of the observed hearing loss remains largely unknown.

CT diagnosis of a post-embolization ischemic diverticulitis of Meckel.

A 23-year-old man presented with hypovolemic shock due to a lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Radiological and endoscopic investigation did not reveal the bleeding site. Emergency visceral angiography showed contrast extravasation at a right-sided branch of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA).

Reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor: case report and review of the literature.

We will describe a case of a patient diagnosed with a rare identity of a benign lesion, "reactive nodular fibrous pseudotumor" (RNFP). It is a tumor which preoperatively can present as a malignant tumor and is only reported in 19 cases. According to the very limited amount of information on this tumor in the literature it is mostly seen after trauma or intraperitoneal inflammation.

Imaging in otosclerosis: A pictorial review.

Otosclerosis is an otodystrophy of the otic capsule and is a cause of conductive, mixed or sensorineural hearing loss in the 2nd to 4th decades of life. Otosclerosis is categorised into two types, fenestral and retrofenestral. Imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and management of otosclerosis.

Chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: 1-month response determined with apparent diffusion coefficient is an independent predictor of outcome.

Purpose: To evaluate the predictive utility of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes at diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging 1 month after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) compared with the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1, European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) criteria, and modified RECIST (mRECIST).

Materials And Methods: Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained for this prospective study.

Whole-body MRI with diffusion-weighted sequence for staging of patients with suspected ovarian cancer: a clinical feasibility study in comparison to CT and FDG-PET/CT.

Objectives: To evaluate whole-body MRI with diffusion-weighted sequence (WB-DWI/MRI) for staging and assessing operability compared with CT and FDG-PET/CT in patients with suspected ovarian cancer.

Methods: Thirty-two patients underwent 3-T WB-DWI/MRI, (18) F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) and CT before diagnostic open laparoscopy (DOL). Imaging findings for tumour characterisation, peritoneal and retroperitoneal staging were correlated with histopathology after DOL and/or open surgery.

A child with bilateral proptosis: a sign of acute myeloid leukemia?

A 5-year-old girl from Rwanda was referred to our pediatric oncology department with severe bilateral proptosis and a bloody, necrotic chemosis of the conjunctiva and infraorbital tissues. Furthermore, she presented with a left facial paresis, hemorrhagic gingiva, epistaxis, and bloody tears. There was a 3-month history of pancytopenia.

Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging early after chemoradiotherapy to monitor treatment response in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for assessment of treatment response in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) three weeks after the end of chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Methods And Materials: Twenty-nine patients with HNSCC underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to and 3 weeks after CRT, including T(2)-weighted and pre- and postcontrast T(1)-weighted sequences and an echo-planar DWI sequence with six b values (0 to 1,000 s/mm(2)), from which the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was calculated. ADC changes 3 weeks posttreatment compared to baseline (∆ADC) between responding and nonresponding primary lesions and adenopathies were correlated with 2 years locoregional control and compared with a Mann-Whitney test.

High-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma presenting in a 28-year-old woman during pregnancy: a case report.

Introduction: To the best of our knowledge, soft tissue sarcomas have not prevously been reported as a complication during pregnancy.

Case Presentation: A 28-year-old Caucasian woman was diagnosed with a transperitoneal sarcoma during pregnancy. Morphological, immunohistochemical, chromosomal and mutational analyses pointed towards a high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma.

Predictive value of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging during chemoradiotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To evaluate diffusion-weighted (DWI) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for treatment prediction during chemoradiotherapy (CRT) of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNC).

Methods: Thirty patients with HNC underwent echo-planar DWI and anatomical MRI before and 2 and 4 weeks into CRT. Patient follow-up lasted 2 years post-CRT.

Shrinkage of thyroid volume in sunitinib-treated patients with renal-cell carcinoma: a potential marker of irreversible thyroid dysfunction?

Background: The multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor sunitinib is known to induce thyroid dysfunction in a substantial proportion of patients treated for advanced renal-cell carcinoma or gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Although sunitinib-induced hypothyroidism seems to be reversible in the majority of patients, some patients develop irreversible thyroid damage resulting in long-lasting thyroid hormone replacement therapy.

Summary: We report on two cancer patients with a preexisting nodular thyroid gland, who developed thyroid dysfunction and showed marked shrinkage of the thyroid during treatment with the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, necessitating permanent thyroid hormone replacement therapy even after discontinuation of the anticancer agent.

Diffusion-weighted MRI for nodal staging of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: impact on radiotherapy planning.

Purpose: To evaluate the use of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for nodal staging and its impact on radiotherapy (RT) planning.

Methods And Materials: Twenty-two patients with locally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), as well as MRI (with routine and DW sequences) prior to neck dissection. After topographic correlation, lymph nodes were evaluated microscopically with prekeratin immunostaining.

Diffusion-weighted MRI provides additional value to conventional dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in differentiating HCC from benign cirrhotic lesions compared with conventional dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Fifty-five patients with cirrhosis underwent conventional and DW-MRI at 1.5 Tesla.