Fear of hypoglycemia and its determinants in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of fear of hypoglycemia, in association with severe hypoglycemia and social factors, in insulin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A questionnaire survey on hypoglycemia and patient-physician communication was carried out in 355 patients with insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at 16 hospitals and clinics. A fear of hypoglycemia was reported by 27.

[Differential diagnosis of primary aldosteronism by measurement of hybrid steroids using mass spectrometry].

Primary aldosteronism (PA), characterized by the autonomous hypersecretion of aldosterone, is the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Patients with PA have a higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity than essential hypertension. The two common subtypes of PA, aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA) and idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA), should be differentiated, because the former is an indication for adrenalectomy, and the latter is treated by medication.

Switching to multiple daily injection therapy with glulisine improves glycaemic control, vascular damage and treatment satisfaction in basal insulin glargine-injected diabetic patients.

Background: Basal and bolus insulin therapy is required for strict blood control in diabetic patients, which could lead to prevention of vascular complications in diabetes. However, the optimal combination regimen is not well established.

Methods: Fifty-nine diabetic patients (49 type 1 and 10 type 2; 52.

Quantification of urinary 18-hydroxycortisol using LC-MS/MS.

Background: Urinary 18-hydroxycortisol has been investigated as a marker of aldosterone-producing adenoma (APA). The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for the measurement of 18-hydroxycortisol using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Methods: Urine was collected over a 24-hour period in patients with APA (n = 11), idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA, n = 9), and essential hypertension (EH, n = 6).

Glucagon underutilized among type 1 diabetes mellitus patients in Japan.

Aim: Glucagon is recommended to treat severe hypoglycemia in nonhospital environments, when a patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is unconscious and unable to eat or drink. However, the actual possession rate of glucagon in Japan has not been investigated.

Subjects And Methods: We recruited 208 T1DM patients older than 15 years of age.