Simultaneous production of glucoamylase and acid-stable alpha-amylase using novel submerged culture of Aspergillus kawachii NBRC4308.

We developed a novel submerged culture system of Aspergillus kawachii NBRC4308 using barley whose surface is completely or partly covered with husk. The culture supernatant showed a glucoamylase activity of 150.8 U/ml and an acid-stable alpha-amylase activity of 7.

Analysis of hop-derived terpenoids in beer and evaluation of their behavior using the stir bar-sorptive extraction method with GC-MS.

Hop aroma components, which mainly comprise terpenoids, contribute to the character of beers. However, pretreatments are necessary before analyzing these components because of their trace levels and complicated matrixes. Here, the stir bar-sorptive extraction (SBSE) method was used to detect and quantify many terpenoids simultaneously from small samples.