Carboplatin in combination with etoposide for advanced small cell lung cancer complicated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia: a single-arm phase II study.

Background: Acute exacerbation (AEx) of interstitial pneumonia is the most common lethal adverse event related to the pharmacological treatment of patients with lung cancer complicated with interstitial pneumonia. Although small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is linked to poor prognosis, it exhibits good response to chemotherapy. Few previous research studies have investigated the safety and efficacy of treatment for advanced SCLC complicated with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP).

Estimated prevalence and incidence of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in Japan.

Background: The latest guidelines on hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) categorise the disease as either fibrotic or non-fibrotic because of the greater clinical utility of this stratification. However, the prevalence and incidence of fibrotic and non-fibrotic HP are unknown. This study assessed the exact prevalence and incidence of fibrotic and non-fibrotic HP in Japan in 2021.

Successful treatment with afatinib following the failure of osimertinib rechallenge with osimertinib-induced interstitial lung disease: A case report.

Herein, we report the case of an 84-year-old woman with epidermal growth factor receptor () mutation exon 19 deletion postoperative recurrent lung adenocarcinoma. Osimertinib was administered as a first-line treatment; however, she was urgently admitted to our hospital due to dyspnea on the 46th day. Chest computed tomography revealed bilateral diffuse ground-glass opacities (GGOs) suggestive of grade 3 osimertinib-induced interstitial lung disease (ILD).

Serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 levels are associated with mortality and severity in patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

Background: The serum Krebs von den Lungen-6 (KL-6) level is a predictive factor for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The development of ARDS has been reported in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to determine whether serum KL-6 levels are associated with mortality and severity in patients with COVID-19.

Clinical characteristics of Japanese patients with moderate to severe COVID-19.

Introduction: Although several reports on the risk factors for severe disease of COVID-19 already exist, reports on effective early indicators are still limited, especially from Japan. This study was conducted to clarify the patient's characteristics whose disease progressed to severe status.

Methods: The medical records of all consecutive 300 Japanese patients hospitalized at our institution between February and November 2020 were retrospectively reviewed.

COVID-19 Pneumonia Resembling an Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Pneumonia.

An 84-year-old man was admitted with hypoxemia and ground-glass opacities with traction bronchiectasis in both lungs and mild fibrosis on computed tomography. We first suspected that he had acute exacerbation of interstitial pneumonia and initiated methylprednisolone pulse therapy. On day 4, he was diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia.

Pneumothorax in a COVID-19 Pneumonia Patient without Underlying Risk Factors.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been recognized as a worldwide pandemic. However, the clinical course of COVID-19 remains poorly characterized. Although some cases of pneumothorax have been reported, they all had pulmonary complications or were managed with mechanical ventilation.

Outcome of early-stage combination treatment with favipiravir and methylprednisolone for severe COVID-19 pneumonia: A report of 11 cases.

Although the use of corticosteroids is not recommended in the World Health Organization statement for the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), steroid therapy may be indicated for critical cases in specific situations. Here, we report the successful treatment of 11 cases of severe COVID-19 pneumonia with favipiravir and methylprednisolone. All cases were severe and patients required oxygen administration or had a blood oxygen saturation ≤93% on room air.

Species identification, antifungal susceptibility, and clinical feature association of Aspergillus section Nigri isolates from the lower respiratory tract.

Species of Aspergillus section Nigri are generally identified by molecular genetics approaches, whereas in clinical practice, they are classified as A. niger by their morphological characteristics. This study aimed to investigate whether the species of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from the respiratory tract vary depending on clinical diagnosis.

Ten Cases of Intestinal Tuberculosis Which Were Initially Misdiagnosed as Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Objective Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently present with similar clinical, endoscopic and pathological features, therefore it is difficult to differentiate between them. The aim of this study was to elucidate the diagnostic delay and prognosis of ITB cases, initially misdiagnosed as IBD. Methods ITB cases were selected from the hospitalized patient list between April 2004 and March 2017 in a tuberculosis center in Japan.

The Sequential Ultrasonographic, Electrophysiological and MRI Findings in a Patient with the Pharyngeal-cervical-brachial Variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome from the Acute Phase to the Chronic Phase.

Acute progressive weakness in bulbar, neck and limbs is included in several differential diagnoses, including the pharyngeal-cervical-brachial (PCB) variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Patients with the PCB variant of GBS are reported to have localized diagnostic cervical spinal nerve abnormalities that can be examined by nerve ultrasonography (NUS) and magnetic resonance neurography (MRN). We herein report the case of a 77-year-old man with the PCB variant of GBS.