Association between IL-18 gene promoter polymorphisms and CTLA-4 gene 49A/G polymorphism in Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes.

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a potent proinflammatory cytokine which is strongly associated with the development of diabetes in NOD mice. To test the putative involvement of IL-18 gene polymorphism in predisposition to human type 1 diabetes, the SNPs at position -607 (C/A) and -137 (G/C) in the promoter region of IL-18 gene were analyzed by sequence-specific PCR in 116 patients with type 1 diabetes and 114 normal controls. A linkage disequilibrium found only three of the four possible haplotypes defined by these SNPs.

Epitope analysis of GAD65 autoantibodies in Japanese patients with autoimmune diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by T cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. In Japanese population, the incidence of type 1 diabetes in children is very low compared to European countries. However, there are more patients with type 1 diabetes in adults, including latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA).

Association of interleukin-18 gene promoter polymorphisms in type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroid disease.

Type 1 diabetes is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease and is often associated with other organ-specific autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). IL-18 is a potent proinflammatory cytokine capable of inducing IFN-gamma production that is associated with the development of type 1 diabetes and AITD. The gene for IL-18 is located near Idd2 and has been reported to be associated with a susceptibility to type 1 diabetes.

Interleukin-10 gene promoter region polymorphisms in patients with type 1 diabetes and autoimmune thyroid disease.

Type 1 diabetes is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease and is frequently associated with other organ-specific autoimmune diseases, including autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD). Type 1 diabetic patients with AITD are known to show distinct clinical and immunological features from patients without AITD. This study investigated whether interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene promoter region polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and AITD.

In vivo expression of B:9-23 peptide/I-A(g7) complex may abrogate the inhibition of diabetes induced by RGD-fiber-mutant adenovirus in NOD mice.

Insulin B chain peptide B:9-23 given to NOD mice decreases the development of diabetes, and phase II trials of an altered peptide ligand of B:9-23 are under way in humans. We have created a gene for the NOD MHC class II beta chain, covalently linked to the B:9-23 peptide. B lymphoma cells transfected with the gene stimulated NOD islet-derived B:9-23 reactive T cell clones in vitro.

Intracerebroventricular administration of insulin and glucose inhibits the anorectic action of leptin in rats.

Obese individuals with glucose intolerance present with high serum levels of glucose, insulin, and leptin. These substances are potent inhibitors of feeding in the brain. Obese subjects still present with over-feeding despite elevation of the above factors.

Stromal-cell derived factor-1 chemokine gene variant is associated with type 1 diabetes age at onset in Japanese population.

Stromal-cell derived factor-1 (SDF-1) is a powerful chemokine that upregulates T-cell migration and activation. The gene for SDF-1 is located near type 1 diabetes susceptibility locus IDDM10, suggesting a contribution by SDF-1 to the induction of diabetes. Recently the role of SDF-1 gene polymorphism in the clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes in French population has been reported.

Genetic association between interleukin-10 gene promoter region polymorphisms and type 1 diabetes age-at-onset.

This study investigated whether interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene promoter region polymorphisms are associated with susceptibility to or clinical presentation of type 1 diabetes. The frequency of -1082G/A, -819C/T, and -592C/A polymorphisms was analyzed in 128 Japanese patients with type 1 diabetes and in 107 healthy control subjects in a case-controlled study. The allelic and haplotypic frequencies of the IL-10 gene promoter region polymorphisms were similar in patients with type 1 diabetes and in control subjects.