Metastatic embryonal carcinoma mimicking locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer.

A 50-year-old man with a history of smoking of 45 pack-years underwent right lower lobectomy after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer diagnosed on a bronchial biopsy and standard imaging examinations, including chest-abdominal contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and whole-body F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT. Left orchiectomy was performed simultaneously to treat the slightly swollen left testis, which had remained unchanged for over five years. The thoracic tumor was proven to be in pathological complete remission and the testicular lesion was pathologically diagnosed as an embryonal carcinoma.

Investigation of risk factors for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis based on clinical data.

It has not yet been determined whether certain types of prostate cancer with bone metastasis (M1b PC) are associated with a poor outcome. The present study retrospectively assessed the potential significance of various clinical data in predicting the outcome of M1b PC. The subjects were 104 patients who attended our hospital and received a diagnosis of M1b PC between January 1998 and December 2006.

Potential of molecular targeted therapy of HER-2 and Cox-2 for invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Expression of HER-2 and COX-2 was determined to assess the potential of molecular-targeted therapy against human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) for the treatment of invasive bladder cancer. The subjects were 46 patients who attended Aichi Medical University Hospital between January 2001 and August 2008, underwent total cystectomy with a diagnosis of M0 bladder cancer, and received a pathological diagnosis of invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (pT2-pT4). Expression of HER-2 and COX-2 was determined by immunohistochemical staining, and the results were interpreted by two pathologists by classifying HER-2 expression into four grades, and considering COX-2 positive when 10% or more of the tumor cells were stained.

The use of zoledronic acid in Japanese men with stage D2 prostate cancer.

Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is a new generation bisphosphonate with improved efficacy benefits over pamidronate in preclinical testing. In addition, ZOL is superior to pamidronate in the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy. ZOL is also the first bisphosphonate to demonstrate efficacy in patients with bone metastases from solid tumors other than breast cancer, such as prostate cancer.

Preliminary results of M-VAC chemotherapy combined with mild hyperthermia, a new therapeutic strategy for advanced or metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium.

Objective: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of M-VAC chemotherapy combined with mild hyperthermia, a new therapeutic strategy for advanced metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium.

Subjects And Methods: The subjects were 12 patients diagnosed with advanced metastatic transitional cell carcinoma of the urothelium. For mild hyperthermia, the patients' oral temperature was elevated to about 38 degrees C by heating for 20 min and retaining the heat for 20 min with a far-infrared heater.

Long-term results and management of ureteral transitional cell carcinoma using the holmium: YAG laser via rigid-ureteroscopy.

The standard operative procedure for ureteral transitional cell carcinoma is nephrouterectomy with partial cystectomy at the affected ureteral orifice. However, nephron-sparing surgery and endoscopic surgery and management have become common practice for low-grade and low-stage cases. We investigated the follow-up results of patients who underwent endoscopic surgery using the holmium:YAG laser, and evaluated its treatment effect.

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity is reported to increase apoptosis, inhibit angiogenesis and reduce metastasis. We analyzed COX-2 expression in patients with invasive bladder cancer to evaluate the feasibility of selective COX-2 inhibitor treatment targeting COX-2. Forty patients with pathologically diagnosed invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder (pT2-pT4) were evaluated.

Potential for HER-2/neu molecular targeted therapy for invasive bladder carcinoma: comparative study of immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization.

Analysis of HER-2/neu expression in invasive bladder carcinoma was performed in order to evaluate the potential for molecular targeted therapy targeting HER-2. The subjects were 40 patients who were pathologically diagnosed with invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (pT2 to pT4). A Hercep test kit was used to detect HER-2 expression, and a Path Vysion kit was used for gene amplification.

Potential for molecular targeted therapy of HER-2/neu for invasive bladder cancer: examination of gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Analysis of HER-2/neu gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization was performed in 40 patients with invasive bladder cancer in order to evaluate the potential for molecular targeted therapy of HER-2 as a tailor-made treatment for patients with invasive bladder cancer. This study included 40 patients seen at the Aichi Medical University Hospital from January 2001 to December 2004 and were pathologically diagnosed with invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (pT2-pT4). The PathVysion kit was used to evaluate the status of HER-2/neu gene amplification, and a signal ratio > or =2.

Lactate dehydrogenase is a prognostic indicator for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis.

We analyzed clinical data to identify prognostic indicators in prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis. The subjects were 60 patients with bone metastasis out of 165 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer at our clinic over 6 years from January 1998 to December 2003. The age at the initial diagnosis was 61 to 91 (mean: 73.

Potential for molecular-targeted therapy targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 for invasive bladder cancer.

Expression of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER-2/neu or HER-2) oncoprotein in invasive bladder cancer was examined by immunohistochemical staining in order to evaluate the potential for molecular-targeted therapy targeting HER-2 as a tailor-made treatment for patients with invasive bladder cancer. This study included 40 patients who were examined at Aichi Medical University Hospital and were pathologically diagnosed with invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (pT2 to pT4). Immunohistochemical staining using a Hercep test kit was performed to detect HER-2 expression, which was classified into four levels from 0 to 3+ by two experienced pathologists, with 2+ and 3+ determined as positive.

A case of primary leiomyoma of the ureter.

This report describes a case of primary leiomyoma of the ureter in which only partial ureterectomy was performed based on the diagnosis of benign tumor by rapid diagnosis using a frozen section during the operation. Surgical treatment was opted for upon diagnosis of a submucosal tumor of the right ureter, with no abnormal findings in the ureteral mucosa by ureteroscopy. To our knowledge, nine cases have been reported worldwide since 1955, suggesting this case to be the 10th.

An immunohistochemical study of chromogranin A and human epidermal growth factor-2 expression using initial prostate biopsy specimens from patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer.

Objectives: To investigate, using prostate needle-biopsy specimens at diagnosis from patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer, whether the relationship between neuroendocrine (NE) cell differentiation and human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER-2) expression is a prognostic factor for outcome.

Patients And Methods: The study included 50 patients diagnosed as having bone metastatic prostate cancer between January 1998 and December 2001. We tested for NE cell differentiation by using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for chromogranin A (CgA), and for HER-2, using a commercial test for IHC staining.

Is neuroendocrine cell differentiation detected using chromogranin A from patients with bone metastatic prostate cancer a prognostic factor for outcome?

We evaluated the usefulness of overexpression of neuroendrocrine (NE) cell differentiation determined by immunohistochemical staining for chromogranin A (Cg A) in diagnostic needle biopsy specimens of bone metastatic prostate cancers. A total of 50 patients diagnosed as having bone metastatic prostate cancer were studied. The period of observation was between 6.

Clinical features of renal cell carcinoma less than 25 millimeters in diameter.

Background: We retrospectively investigated the clinicopathological features and prognosis of patients who underwent surgical treatment at our department for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) less than 25 mm in diameter.

Methods: Of the 158 patients who underwent surgical treatment between April 1975 and April 1998, 16 (17 kidney, 10.1%) were included in this study.