[The Relationship between the Autistic Traits and Everyday Memory Processing in Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Healthy Adults].

We investigated the association between everyday memory and autistic traits in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD, n=22) and healthy adults (n=20) by using the Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT). A generalized linear model (GLM) was used to explore the relationships between the subjects' performance on the RBMT as the objective variable and the composite score of the Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) as the explanatory variable. Multiple models were created with the AQ subscales ('Social skills,' 'Attention-shifting,' 'Attention to details,' 'Communication,' 'Imagination'), age, gender, the full-scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ), the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale added as the moderator variables.

Nonrestorative sleep is a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in the general Japanese population.

Background: This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the effects of nonrestorative sleep on developing metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related diseases in a general Japanese middle-aged population.

Methods: Overall, 83,224 adults without MetS (mean age: 51.5 ± 3.

Longitudinal assessment of lifestyle factors associated with nonrestorative sleep in Japan.

Objective: Nonrestorative sleep (NRS) is common in the general global population. This study surveyed the incident/remission rate of NRS and identified related lifestyle factors in a general Japanese adult cohort.

Methods: Data from a Japanese health check-based cohort between the fiscal years 2011 and 2018 were obtained.

How significant is the assessment of the DSM-5 'anxious distress' specifier in patients with major depressive disorder without comorbid anxiety disorders in the continuation/maintenance phase?

Objective: Anxious distress (ANXD), which is common in major depressive disorder (MDD), is associated with poor outcomes. We investigated clinical characteristics of MDD patients with the DSM-5 ANXD specifier and only mild residual symptoms without comorbid anxiety disorders in the continuation/maintenance phase.

Methods: We recruited 110 outpatients with MDD without comorbid anxiety disorders.

Effects of Brief Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia on Improving Depression Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Comparative Study.

Background: Cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) has been shown to improve depressive symptoms in older adults with comorbid insomnia and depression. However, it remains unclear whether brief CBT-I is effective for improving depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults with insomnia symptoms of varying severity.

Aim: This study sought to examine the effectiveness of a brief CBT-I intervention delivered by public health nurses to improve depressive symptoms among older adults recruited from a community setting.

Web-Based Training Program Using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy to Enhance Cognitive Flexibility and Alleviate Psychological Distress Among Schoolteachers: Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Schoolteachers are known to be faced with various stresses in their work. A simple, less onerous, and effective intervention technique that can enhance the stress management skills, particularly, cognitive flexibility, of schoolteachers is needed.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether stress management training using a Web-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program is effective for enhancing the cognitive flexibility of schoolteachers and alleviating their subjective distress.

Effects of Brief Communication Skills Training for Workers Based on the Principles of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Stimulating communication is an important workplace issue. We investigated the effects of a brief communication skills training (CST) program based on the principles of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).

Methods: A randomized controlled trial was conducted on 206 white-collar workers.

Effect of management training in organizational justice: a randomized controlled trial.

Organizational justice (OJ) influences the well-being of employees of organizations. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to examine whether or not brief management training increases OJ for subordinates. Study participants were managers and subordinates working in the private manufacturing sector.

[Promotion of Occupational Mental Health with Psychiatrists].

The promotion of occupational mental health is stipulated by laws and precedents, including the Labor Standards Act, Industrial Safety and Health Act, and Labor Contract Act. These laws and precedents are used to formulate actual mental health activities and responses to individuals with mental health disorders to some extent. Among mental health-related undertakings, the most important role that occupational health staff should play as healthcare professionals is to support business operators' obligations regarding safety.

Effect of a brief training program based on cognitive behavioral therapy in improving work performance: A randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: Efforts to improve performance in the workplace with respect to positive mental health have increased, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has recently attracted attention as an intervention measure to this end. Here, we conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief training program on CBT for improving work performance of employees.

Methods: The participants were employees of an electric company in Japan.

A web-based training program using cognitive behavioral therapy to alleviate psychological distress among employees: randomized controlled pilot trial.

Background: A number of psychoeducational programs based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to alleviate psychological distress have been developed for implementation in clinical settings. However, while these programs are considered critical components of stress management education in a workplace setting, they are required to be brief and simple to implement, which can hinder development.

Objective: The intent of the study was to examine the effects of a brief training program based on CBT in alleviating psychological distress among employees and facilitating self-evaluation of stress management skills, including improving the ability to recognize dysfunctional thinking patterns, transform dysfunctional thoughts to functional ones, cope with stress, and solve problems.

Development of a job stressor scale for nurses caring for patients with intractable neurological diseases.

The purpose of this research is to verify the reliability and validity of a job stressor scale for nurses caring for patients with intractable neurological diseases. A mail survey was conducted using a self-report questionnaire. The subjects were 263 nurses and assistant nurses working in wards specializing in intractable neurological diseases.

Analysis of risk of medical errors using structural-equation modelling: a 6-month prospective cohort study.

Background: Medical-error analyses have been conducted to determine the root cause of adverse events and near misses. More precise determination of the cause-and-effect relationship likely will require a prospective design path analysis including both direct and indirect effects.

Methods: The authors performed a 6-month prospective cohort study using structural-equation modelling (SEM).

[Medical safety and staff mental health].

Improvement in patient safety is a high-priority issue of great social import. Several studies have reported that most adverse events are due to errors of hospital staff, and emphasized the necessity of promoting countermeasures against medical errors. Root cause analysis (RCA) has been implemented to prevent such errors.

The predictive validity of the Drinking-Related Cognitions Scale in alcohol-dependent patients under abstinence-oriented treatment.

Background: Cognitive factors associated with drinking behavior such as positive alcohol expectancies, self-efficacy, perception of impaired control over drinking and perception of drinking problems are considered to have a significant influence on treatment effects and outcome in alcohol-dependent patients. However, the development of a rating scale on lack of perception or denial of drinking problems and impaired control over drinking has not been substantial, even though these are important factors in patients under abstinence-oriented treatment as well as participants in self-help groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). The Drinking-Related Cognitions Scale (DRCS) is a new self-reported rating scale developed to briefly measure cognitive factors associated with drinking behavior in alcohol-dependent patients under abstinence-oriented treatment, including positive alcohol expectancies, abstinence self-efficacy, perception of impaired control over drinking, and perception of drinking problems.

Effects of sleep hygiene education and behavioral therapy on sleep quality of white-collar workers: a randomized controlled trial.

Because poor sleep quality can reduce quality of life and increase prevalence of illness in workers, interventions are becoming increasingly important for businesses. To evaluate how sleep quality is affected by one-on-one behavioral modification when combined with group education, we conducted a randomized, controlled trial among day-shift white-collar employees working for an information-technology service company in Japan. Participants were randomly allocated to groups receiving either sleep hygiene group education (control group), or education combined with individual sleep modification training (one-on-one group).

Randomized controlled trial on the effects of a combined sleep hygiene education and behavioral approach program on sleep quality in workers with insomnia.

To evaluate the effects of a combined sleep hygiene education and behavioral approach program on sleep quality in workers with insomnia, we conducted a randomized controlled trial at a design engineering unit in Japan. Employees evaluated for insomnia by the Athens Insomnia Scale (≥6 points) were divided into an intervention and control group. The intervention group received a short-term intervention (30 min) program that included sleep hygiene education and behavioral approaches (relaxation training, stimulus control, and sleep restriction) performed by occupational health professionals.

Relationship between autonomic nervous system activity during sleep and fasting glucose in Japanese workers.

Although autonomic nervous system activity is reportedly related to diurnal glucose tolerance impairment, the relationship with glucose tolerance during sleep is unclear. Since work styles have recently diversified, it is important to assess the effect of sleep on workers' health. Elucidation of the relationship between autonomic nervous system activity during sleep and glucose tolerance in workers may facilitate preventive measures against diabetes using non-pharmacological means (e.

Brief morning exposure to bright light improves subjective symptoms and performance in nurses with rapidly rotating shifts.

Objective: To investigate whether or not brief bright light (BL) exposure on workday mornings can improve health, performance and safety in nurses with rapidly rotating shifts.

Methods: We conducted a randomized crossover study involving registered nurses at a teaching hospital working a two-shift system including the night shift. Participants were instructed to expose themselves to BL for 10 min on workday mornings.

Organizational justice, willingness to work, and psychological distress: results from a private Japanese company.

Objectives: This study assessed the risk of low organizational justice (OJ) on psychological distress as well as on low willingness to work, and also investigated the underlying factors between OJ and these outcomes.

Methods: Cross-sectional questionnaire data of 1804 employees (93.6% of subjects) of a Japanese company were collected.

Symptoms related to glaucomatous visual field abnormalities among male Japanese workers in a population-based setting.

Purpose: To identify symptoms potentially related to glaucomatous visual field abnormalities (VFAs) in a population-based setting, and to assess the applicability of using these symptoms to identify persons at risk of developing glaucoma.

Methods: In this study, 10,214 Japanese male general workers (mean age, 45.3±8.

Efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy training using brief e-mail sessions in the workplace: a controlled clinical trial.

In the present study, we conducted a clinical controlled trial to evaluate the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) training in improving depression and self-esteem in workers. A total of 261 workers were assigned to either an intervention group (n=137) or a waiting-list group (n=124). The intervention group was offered participation in a group session with CBT specialists and three e-mail sessions with occupational health care staff.

Similarity in predictors between near miss and adverse event among Japanese nurses working at teaching hospitals.

Near miss-based analysis has been recently suggested to be more important in the medical field than focusing on adverse events, as in the industrial field. To validate the utility of near miss-based analysis in the medical fields, we investigated whether or not predictors of near misses and adverse events were similar among nurses at teaching hospitals. Of the 1,860 nurses approached, 1,737 (93.