Successful treatment of grade III traumatic pancreatic injury with non-operative management: a case report.

According to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma, distal pancreatectomy or pancreatic duct drainage is recommended for grade III traumatic pancreatic injuries. We report a case of traumatic pancreatic injury involving the main pancreatic duct in which this method failed to drain fluid from the area distal to the injury site. A 19-year-old woman presented with a bruised upper left abdomen after a bicycle fall.

Predictors of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events in Patients with Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Objective Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a chronic liver disease associated with metabolic comorbidities. However, the risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in these patients remain unclear. Therefore, this study investigated predictors of ASCVD in patients with MASLD.

Molecular Mechanisms of Skatole-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Intestinal Epithelial Caco-2 Cells: Implications for Colorectal Cancer and Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), in intestinal epithelial cells significantly contribute to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Given our previous findings that TNF-α is upregulated in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells induced by skatole, a tryptophan-derived gut microbiota metabolite, the present study aimed to explore the relationship between skatole and IL-6, alongside TNF-α. Skatole elevated the promoter activity of IL-6 as well as TNF-α, and increased IL-6 mRNA expression and protein secretion.

Different Food Preferences in Patients with Gastrointestinal Disorders.

Objective Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders such as functional dyspepsia (FD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can exhibit overlapping GI symptoms, including abdominal pain and alterations in bowel habits. The symptoms of GI disorders are commonly considered to be triggered and exacerbated by fatty food intake. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the food preferences of patients with GI disorders.

A Case of Idiopathic Peptic Ulcer Disease Treated Effectively with Trimebutine Maleat.

A 30-year-old man with idiopathic peptic ulcer disease (IPUD) experienced repeated recurrence of ulcerative bleeding despite treatment with lansoprazole and then vonoprazan. Further evaluation suggested that the cause of the ulcer was strong contractile movements of the antrum. This prompted the co-administration of trimebutine maleate (TM) and vonoprazan to relieve the stomach contractions.

Brain activity in response to food images in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia.

Background: Functional dyspepsia (FD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are caused and exacerbated by consumption of fatty foods. However, no study has evaluated brain activity in response to food images in patients with disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). This study aimed to compare food preference and brain activity when viewing food images between patients with DGBI and healthy controls.

Efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided abscess drainage for non-pancreatic abscesses: A retrospective study.

Background And Aim: Percutaneous drainage of intra-abdominal abscesses is often uncomfortable for the patient and may result in prolonged hospital stays. Recent studies have shown that endoscopic ultrasound-guided abscess drainage (EUS-AD) could effectively treat various abscesses and fluid collections. However, no indications or procedures have been established for EUS-AD treatments, and studies on its usefulness and safety are insufficient.

Soluble CD163 is a predictor of fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma development in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease. The serum level of soluble CD163 (sCD163), a macrophage activation marker, is associated with liver tissue changes; however, its prognostic value is unknown. Here, we determined the utility of sCD163 as a marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and prognostic marker for NAFLD.

Skatole-induced p38 and JNK activation coordinately upregulates, whereas AhR activation partially attenuates TNFα expression in intestinal epithelial cells.

Increased tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) expression in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) plays a major role in the development and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study aimed to clarify the relationship between TNFα and skatole, a tryptophan-derived gut microbiota metabolite. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) antagonist CH223191 promoted, whereas the p38 inhibitor SB203580 suppressed the increase in TNFα mRNA and protein expression induced by skatole in intestinal epithelial Caco-2 cells.

Differences between patients with inpatient-onset and outpatient-onset acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding: An observational study.

Background And Aim: The clinical severity and course of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding (ALGIB) are believed to differ between inpatient-onset and outpatient-onset cases, but no reports have investigated these issues in detail. We aimed to evaluate the clinical differences between inpatient-onset and outpatient-onset ALGIB.

Methods: Medical records of patients who had undergone emergency colonoscopy for ALGIB were retrospectively reviewed.

[Evacuation of tissue and blood biomarkers of progression to NASH cirrhosis by six liver biopsies: a case report].

We present a 56-year-old female patient diagnosed with stage 2/grade 3 non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) via liver biopsy. Over the next 14 years, six liver biopsies were performed, and the patient was followed up clinically. This was a valuable case wherein we were able to investigate the histology of the liver and the timing of changes in the AST/ALT ratio, platelets, albumin, FIB4-Index, and liver fibrosis markers.

Treatment of ectopic variceal bleeding at choledochojejunostomy by endoscopic glue injection therapy with cyanoacrylate: Report of three cases including long-term outcomes.

Ectopic varices around the choledochojejunostomy site after pancreatoduodenectomy are rare. Diagnosing ectopic varices is difficult but, if untreated or misdiagnosed, the resulting mortality is high. This report describes three cases of ectopic variceal bleeding at the choledochojejunostomy site that were improved by endoscopic glue injection therapy (EGIT) with cyanoacrylate (CA).

Two Cases of Acute Gastric Mucosal Lesions Due to Helicobacter pylori Infection Confirmed to be Transient Infection.

Two adult cases of acute gastric mucosal lesions (AGML) caused by Helicobacter pylori infection were confirmed by spontaneous eradication during the follow-up period. The clinical course of the initial infection by H. pylori in adults with AGML remains unclear, whether it is transient or progresses to a persistent infection.

Afferent-Loop Syndrome Treated with Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Drainage of the Afferent Loop with a Plastic Stent.

Afferent-loop syndrome (ALS) is known as a rare complication of partial or total gastrectomy and also occurs after pancreatoduodenectomy. The symptoms of ALS vary with the location of the mechanical obstruction, and the choice of therapeutic method should reflect the patient's condition and disease state. Herein, we report the use of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided afferent loop drainage with a plastic stent and its reintervention for malignant ALS.

Efficacy of primary drainage by endoscopic ultrasound-guided biliary drainage for unresectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Background And Aim: Obstructive jaundice induced by pancreatic adenocarcinoma is typically treated with biliary drainage with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-guided biliary drainage (ERCP-BD). Recently, endoscopic ultrasonography-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) was employed as an alternative method after ERCP-BD failed. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of EUS-BD for primary biliary drainage.

The Evaluation of Counter Diffusion CVD Silica Membrane Formation Process by In Situ Analysis of Diffusion Carrier Gas.

A new evaluation method for preparing silica membranes by counter diffusion chemical vapor deposition (CVD) was proposed. This is the first attempt to provide new insights, such as the decomposition products, membrane selectivity, and precursor reactivity. The permeation of the carrier gas used for supplying a silica precursor was quantified during the deposition reaction by using a mass spectrometer.

Formation of large abscess tumor including gallstone in ileum during therapy for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome: a case report.

Unlabelled: Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic status (HHS) is one of the most serious acute metabolic complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the patients with type 2 DM are immunocompromised host, especially when glycemic control is poor. Under hyperglycemic conditions, we have to pay much attention even for rare infection. Bouveret's syndrome is a rare type of gallstone ileus together with duodenal obstruction secondary to the passage of a stone through a cholecystoduodenal fistula.

Development of Pure Silica CHA Membranes for CO Separation.

Thin pure-silica chabazite (Si-CHA) membranes have been synthesized by using a secondary growth method on a porous silica substrate. A CO permeance of 2.62 × 10 mol m s Pa with a CO/CH permeance ratio of 62 was obtained through a Si-CHA membrane crystallized for 8 h using a parent gel of HO/SiO ratio of 4.

Combination of type IV collagen 7S, albumin concentrations, and platelet count predicts prognosis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease and affects approximately 25% of the general global adult population. The prognosis of NAFLD patients with advanced liver fibrosis is known to be poor. It is difficult to assess disease progression in all patients with NAFLD; thus, it is necessary to identify patients who will show poor prognosis.

Progression from Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Cirrhosis Confirmed by Liver Histology after 14 Years.

A 44-year-old patient progressed from nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis. She was diagnosed with NAFL via a liver biopsy. At 56 years old, she was diagnosed with NASH stage 3 via a second liver biopsy.

Fatty Liver, and Not Visceral Fat, Is More Associated with Liver Fibrosis and Diabetes in Non-Obese Japanese Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Asians are known to be more likely than Westerners to develop fatty liver and lifestyle-related diseases in spite of their weight. However, the relationship between fat accumulation and lifestyle-related diseases in non-obese Asians is unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze visceral fat and hepatic fat in participants with a normal body mass index (BMI) and examine their characteristics during a medical checkup.