The potential effect of romosozumab on perioperative management for instrumentation surgery.

Background: Age-related changes in bone health increase the risk for complications in elderly patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Osteoporosis is a key therapeutic target that needs to be addressed to ensure successful instrumentation surgery. The effectiveness of pharmacological interventions in orthopedic surgery, particularly the new drug romosozumab, is still unknown.

Adjunctive intraosseous wiring fixation technique for the comminuted distal humeral fractures.

Distal humeral fractures are among the most challenging injuries to treat. Although precise repair of the articular surface is essential during surgery, accurate reconstruction of the metaphysis contributes to the overall stability of the fracture construct. The intraosseous wiring technique has been used for small-fragment fractures.

Involvement of cannabinoid receptors in depression of the putative nociceptive response in spinal cord preparations isolated from neonatal rats.

A metabolite of acetaminophen, AM404, which is an anandamide transporter inhibitor, induces analgesia mainly via activation of transient receptor potential channel 1 in the spinal cord, although the role of cannabinoid receptors remains to be studied. The ventral root reflex response induced by stimulation of the dorsal root in in vitro preparations of rat spinal cord is useful to assess the effect of analgesics. We analyzed the effects of AM404 and cannabinoid receptor antagonist AM251 on reflex responses in lumbar spinal cord preparations from newborn rats and found that the amplitude of the slow ventral root potential after administration of 10 µM AM404 was not significantly changed, whereas 10 µM AM251 significantly increased the amplitude.

Effectiveness of Pulsed Radiofrequency Based on the Minimum Clinically Important Differences in Lumbar Spine-Related Pain in Patients without Recent Lumbar Surgery.

Background: Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) has been used for treatment of chronic pain in several body regions, including axial and radicular pain. However, a limited number of reports have specifically demonstrated the effectiveness of PRF for spine-related pain among nonsurgical patients. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of PRF for lumbar spine-associated pain in patients without recent spine surgery, and identified the factors associated with clinically meaningful improvement in pain and quality of life.

Type V Tibial Tubercle Avulsion Fracture with Suspected Complication of Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury: A Case Report.

: Type V tibial tubercle avulsion fractures are extremely rare; therefore, information on them remains limited. Furthermore, although these fractures are intra-articular, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports on their assessment via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or arthroscopy. Accordingly, this is the first report to describe the case of a patient undergoing detailed evaluation via MRI and arthroscopy.

Corrective Osteotomy of Malunited Forearm Fractures for Volar Distal Radioulnar Joint Instability: A Case Report.

Case: A 6-year-old girl who had midshaft forearm fractures treated conservatively had volar distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability caused by radial malunion at the 1-year follow-up. Corrective osteotomy was planned using computer-aided design (CAD) software based on computed tomography images. According to the analysis, the radial bone had an 8° apex volar deformation in the sagittal plane.

High-Degree Valgus Osteotomy for Severe Femoral Head Osteonecrosis After Femoral Neck Fracture with Nonunion: A Case Report.

Case: A 15-year-old adolescent boy had severe groin pain because of extensive osteonecrosis of the femoral head with collapse, joint space narrowing, and nonunion after a failed internal fixation for femoral neck fracture. We performed a 60° valgus osteotomy that moved the posteromedial small viable portion of the femoral head to the weight-bearing acetabular area. The femoral neck nonunion and the necrosis healed completely, and the spherical contour of the femoral head was regained after postoperative hip joint remodeling.

Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Reconstruction and Open- Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy for Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tear with Varus Knee: A Case Report.

Introduction: Pull-out suture, suture anchor, and open- wedge high tibial osteotomy have been widely used for surgical treatment of medial meniscus posterior root tear, and relatively good clinical results have been reported. However, radiologic and arthroscopic findings are not sufficient. This report describes the first case, to the best of our knowledge, of medial meniscus posterior root reconstruction and high tibial osteotomy for medial meniscus posterior root tear with varus knee.

A case report of effective intra-articular elcatonin administration in a patient with osteonecrosis of the lunate.

Introduction And Importance: Although corticosteroids are effective for bronchial asthma, they are associated with various side effects, such as osteonecrosis of the femoral head and tibial condyle and osteoporosis. Here, we report a patient who was on corticosteroids for a long period of time due to severe asthma, which was thought to have led to lunate osteonecrosis of both wrist joints. Calcitonin (elcatonin), an osteoporosis drug, was administered to the wrist joint.

Localized Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Bilateral Knee: A Case Report.

Introduction: Localized pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare and benign condition of synovial tissue proliferation that affects the joints, tendon sheaths, and bursae. This case report is the first to describe a patient with a diagnosis of localized PVNS of the knee after presentation with bilateral and simultaneous onset of associated knee pain.

Case Report: A 28-year-old Japanese woman presented to our hospital with a 1-year history of bilateral knee pain and right knee locking that started 1 month ago.

Carpal Tunnel Volume after Basal Joint Arthroplasty in Postmenopausal Women.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is occasionally associated with basal joint arthritis and is more common in postmenopausal women than in the general population. Currently, more evidence is needed to describe changes in the carpal tunnel after basal joint arthroplasty (BJA) of the thumb and to determine whether it is better to combine the release of the flexor retinaculum. The purpose of this study was to clarify the changes in the carpal tunnel cross-sectional area and carpal tunnel shape after complete removal of the trapezium during BJA of the thumb, according to computed tomography (CT) findings.

Arthroscopic Osteophyte Resection for Osteophyte-Induced Popliteal Impingement.

Popliteal tendinitis causes lateral knee pain. A cause is impingement of the popliteal tendon by lateral femoral condylar osteophytes. Conservative and surgical treatments have been reported; however, popliteal impingement is a relatively rare disease, and no treatment has been established.

Dropped Head Syndrome Caused by Thoracolumbar Deformity: A Report of 3 Cases.

Case: We present 3 patients with dropped head syndrome (DHS) caused by thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity who were successfully treated with thoracolumbar corrective surgery only. After the surgery, their symptoms, neck pain, and horizontal gaze difficulty disappeared, and cervical kyphotic alignment was improved indirectly. At the final follow-up, the whole spinal alignment was maintained, and there was no recurrence of symptoms.

Metaphyseal-diaphyseal Junctional Fractures of the Distal Humerus in Children: Two Case Series.

Introduction: Although there are few descriptions in textbooks and it is stated that the treatment of metaphyseal-diaphyseal junctional (MDJ) fracture is difficult, there is almost no detailed description on its treatment methods and precautions.

Case Presentation: We encountered two patients, 9-year-old and 1-year and 11-month-old Japanese boys, with MDJ fractures of the distal humerus, which are very rare in children. Unlike supracondylar fractures of the distal humerus, the fractures were spiral fractures, which made percutaneous pinning very difficult.

Knee meniscus regeneration using autogenous injection of uncultured adipose tissue-derived regenerative cells.

Introduction: The low healing potential of mature menisci necessitates traditional surgical removal (meniscectomy) to eliminate acute or chronic degenerative tears. However, removal of meniscal tissue is main factor causing osteoarthritis. Adipose tissue-derived regenerative cells (ADRCs), a heterogeneous cell population that includes multipotent adipose-derived stem cells and other progenitor cells, were easily isolated in large amounts from autologous adipose tissue, and same-day processing without culture or expansion was possible.

Nail insertion points in semi-extended nailing of tibial fractures and their influence on alignment: A retrospective cohort study comparing two nail insertion techniques.

Introduction: Semi-extended tibial nailing techniques include the extra-articular technique (EAT) and the patellar eversion technique (PET). These approaches differ regarding the exposure of the patellar retinaculum and the size of the surgical field. This study compared the postoperative alignment and intramedullary nailing entry points between the EAT and PET for tibial fractures.

A Rare Bone Erosion due to Fibroma of the Tendon Sheath.

Introduction: Fibroma of the tendon sheath (FTS) is a soft-tissue tumor strongly attaches to the tendon sheath. The most common tumor which causes bone erosion is giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath while the erosion is quite rarely caused by FTS.

Case Report: A 50-year-old housewife presented a swelling around the A1 pulley of the right third finger as well as bone erosion and a trigger finger.

Relationship Between Acetabular Hounsfield Unit Values and Periprosthetic Fractures in Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Background: The association between regional bone status around the acetabulum and the incidence of intraoperative acetabulum fractures has not been extensively studied. We investigated the association of Hounsfield unit (HU) values on computed tomography in the regions of the acetabulum with periprosthetic fractures.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed records of 301 consecutive patients who underwent cementless total hip arthroplasty between October 2016 and December 2020.