Effectiveness of distributing pocket cards in improving the behavior, attitude, and knowledge regarding proper medication use among junior high school students in Japan.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of distributing pocket cards with summaries of key information on appropriate medication usage after the implementation of a structured school-based medication education program for junior high school students in Japan.

Methods: A total of 227 3rd-grade high school students participated in the intervention. Students who received the program without the provision of pocket cards in 2022 were included in the comparison group, and students who took the program with the provision of pocket cards in 2023 were included in the intervention group.

High-brightness scalable continuous-wave single-mode photonic-crystal laser.

Realizing large-scale single-mode, high-power, high-beam-quality semiconductor lasers, which rival (or even replace) bulky gas and solid-state lasers, is one of the ultimate goals of photonics and laser physics. Conventional high-power semiconductor lasers, however, inevitably suffer from poor beam quality owing to the onset of many-mode oscillation, and, moreover, the oscillation is destabilized by disruptive thermal effects under continuous-wave (CW) operation. Here, we surmount these challenges by developing large-scale photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers with controlled Hermitian and non-Hermitian couplings inside the photonic crystal and a pre-installed spatial distribution of the lattice constant, which maintains these couplings even under CW conditions.

Pericarditis due to Campylobacter coli infection: a case report.

Campylobacter spp. is a gram-negative bacillus that causes infectious enteritis and consists of several species, including Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli, and Campylobacter fetus. Although C.

Self-consistent analysis of photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers under continuous-wave operation.

We develop a self-consistent theoretical model for simulating the lasing characteristics of photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs) under continuous-wave (CW) operation that takes into account thermal effects caused by current injection. Our model enables us to analyze the lasing characteristics of PCSELs under CW operation by solving self-consistently the changes in the in-plane optical gain and refractive index distribution, which is associated with heat generation and temperature rise, and the change in the oscillation modes. We reveal that the lasing band-edge selectivity and beam quality of the PCSELs are affected by the spatial distribution of the band-edge frequency of the photonic crystal formed by the refractive index distribution, which depends on the temperature distribution in the resonator.

pT3 subclassification of renal pelvic cancer considering the tumor location improves the patients' prognostic accuracy.

Whether pT3 urothelial carcinoma of the renal pelvis (UCRP) and urothelial carcinoma of the ureter (UCU) have the same prognosis is controversial, this study compared the prognosis of pT3 UCRP with that of pT3 UCU. We retrospectively evaluated 954 patients who underwent nephroureterectomy at our institutions between January 1983 and December 2017. All surgical specimens were reviewed by a single genitourinary pathologist.

Factors Influencing Medicine Use Behavior in Adolescents in Japan Using a Bayesian Network Analysis.

Medicine education in Japan was introduced to junior high schools in 2012. However, the effectiveness of existing education programs is limited. In order to develop more effective programs for high school students, the present study investigated the variables that directly influence medicine use behavior and the magnitude of their influence, using a Bayesian network analysis.

Reasons for alcohol consumption among Japanese high school students overall and by sex and year in school: An exploratory study.

This study sought to ascertain the association between alcohol consumption by Japanese high school students and their reasons for drinking. Monitoring the Future is a U.S.

Common aspects of the lifestyles of high school students in Japan and their associations with drug abuse: Findings from an aggregate sample of the Japanese School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs in 2004, 2006, and 2009.

This study sought (1) to determine the significant associations between measures of drug abuse and lifestyle variables in high school students in Japan, and (2) to ascertain common lifestyle variables in relation to associations between lifestyle and eight measures of drug abuse. Four measures were use of an inhalant, marijuana, an amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS), or MDMA (ecstasy) over the past year, and four measures were use of those drugs over one's lifetime. Data were from a combined sample (aggregate sample) from the Japanese School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (JSPAD).

[The association between extracurricular activities and exercise and substance abuse among high school students in Japan: results for an aggregate sample from the Japanese School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs in 2004, 2006, and 2009].

The purpose of this study was to clarify the subgroup differences in the association between participation in school-based extracurricular activities and exercise and levels of cigarette, alcohol, or marijuana use during one's lifetime and in the past year. This study also sought to determine the optimal classification of subgroups based on four variables (participation in school-based extracurricular activities, exercise, gender, and school year). Data consisted of a combined sample (aggregate sample) from the Japanese School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (JSPAD) conducted in 2004, 2006, and 2009.

[Gender differences in the association between substance abuse and lifestyles among high school students in Japan: findings from the 2009 Japanese School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs].

The purpose of this paper is to clarify gender differences in the association between substance abuse measures and lifestyle variables among Japanese high school students. The data was obtained from the nationwide representative sample of the Japanese School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (JSPAD) conducted in 2009. The sample consisted of 25,242 1st-, 2nd-, and 3rd-year students at full-time high schools, which were selected by stratified, single-step cluster sampling.

Prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer who received erlotinib treatment and subsequent dose reduction due to skin rash.

Background: Severe skin rash as toxicity of erlotinib has been reported in relation to better response and survival. However, some patients require dose reduction due to skin toxicities, and their prognosis remains uncertain. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical course of non-small cell lung cancer patients receiving erlotinib at a reduced dose because of skin rash.

Fibrinogen γ-chain peptide-coated, ADP-encapsulated liposomes rescue thrombocytopenic rabbits from non-compressible liver hemorrhage.

Background: We developed a fibrinogen γ-chain (dodecapeptide HHLGGAKQAGDV [H12])-coated, ADP-encapsulated liposome (H12-[ADP]-liposome) that accumulates at bleeding sites via interaction with activated platelets via glycoprotein IIb-IIIa and augments platelet aggregation by releasing ADP.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of H12-(ADP)-liposomes for treating liver hemorrhage in rabbits with acute thrombocytopenia.

Methods: Thrombocytopenia (platelets < 50 000 μL(-1)) was induced in rabbits by repeated blood withdrawal (100 mL kg(-1) in total) and isovolemic transfusion of autologous washed red blood cells.

Demonstration of the presence of aminoreductone formed during the Maillard reaction in milk.

The Maillard reaction is a common chemical reaction that occurs in food and it generates multiple reaction products. Aminoreductone (AR) is one of the early-stage Maillard reaction products. At present the formation of AR has only been demonstrated in a model system consisting of a monosaccharide or disaccharide and an amino group-containing compound.

In vitro antimicrobial activity of aminoreductone against the pathogenic bacteria methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

In this study, antimicrobial activity of aminoreductone (AR), a product formed during the initial stage of the Maillard reaction, against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was evaluated. The significant growth inhibition of all 51 MRSA isolates irrespective of drug susceptibility by AR was observed. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of AR ranged from 13 to 26 mM.

The post-operative pathological prognostic parameters of clear cell renal cell carcinoma in pT1a cases.

There has been a recent increase in the number of small clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) cases, particularly in pT1a cases. The prognostic parameters for small ccRCC, however, are not well described. Herein, we assess the pathological parameters of pT1a patients.

Release abilities of adenosine diphosphate from phospholipid vesicles with different membrane properties and their hemostatic effects as a platelet substitute.

We have constructed phospholipid vesicles with hemostatic activity as a platelet substitute. The vesicles were conjugated with a dodecapeptide (HHLGGAKQAGDV, H12), which is a fibrinogen γ-chain carboxy-terminal sequence (γ400-411). We have recently exploited these vesicles as a potential drug delivery system by encapsulation of adenosine 5'-diphosphate (ADP) (H12-(ADP)-vesicles).

Renal cell carcinomas in haemodialysis patients: does haemodialysis duration influence pathological cell types and prognosis?

Background: It is well known that renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is one of the most important complications in haemodialysis (HD) patients. However, the influence of HD duration on the development of RCCs has not yet been described. This study sought to determine whether HD duration is related to pathological RCC types and to prognosis.

Intussusception in a child caused by capillary hemangioma of the colon.

Intussusception is one of the most common abdominal emergencies in children, but identifying the cause is very difficult. Hemangioma is a common tumor of the head and neck area in children, but it rarely arises in the gastrointestinal tract. This report describes a rare occurrence of intussusception caused by capillary hemangioma of the colon that was identified by ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and colonoscopy.

Antimicrobial activity of aminoreductone against Helicobacter pylori.

Anti-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) effects of aminoreductone (AR), a Maillard reaction product, were evaluated in this study. AR effectively inhibited the growth of all 24 strains (19 clinical isolates and 5 isogenic mutants) irrespective of susceptibility to antibiotics and clinical manifestation.

Hypogenesis of intramural vascularity and perivascular plexuses of gallbladder in patients with congenital biliary dilatation.

Background: We hypothesized neuronal disorders of the biliary tract as the cause of congenital biliary dilation (CBD).

Methods: Gallbladders were removed from a total of 15 patients who were categorized into two study groups: a CBD group (eight patients) and in a control group (neuroblastoma, acute myelogenous leukemia, wandering gallbladder, Wilms' tumor, glycogen storage disease, familial amyloid polyneuropathy; seven patients). Whole-mount preparations of the gallbladders were made to immunostain the intramural nerves.

Disorder-induced quantum bond percolation.

We investigate the effects of off-diagonal disorder on localization properties in quantum bond percolation networks on cubic lattices, motivated by the finding that the off-diagonal disorder does not always enhance the quantum localization of wavefunctions. We numerically construct a diagram of the 'percolation threshold', distinguishing extended states from localized states as a function of two degrees of disorder, by using the level statistics and finite-size scaling. The percolation threshold increases in a characteristic way on increasing the disorder in the connected bonds, while it gradually decreases on increasing the disorder in the disconnected bonds.

Differences in the expression of genes between normal tissue and squamous cell carcinomas of head and neck using cancer-related gene cDNA microarray.

Conclusion: This study clearly showed the molecular characteristics of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) on the basis of gene expression patterns.

Objective: cDNA microarray has recently been shown to have the ability to represent the expression patterns of large numbers of genes from a small amount of tissue, potentially enabling definition of groups of patients with similar biological behavior of cancer. Although gene expression profiling using this technique has proven helpful for predicting the prognosis in various cancers, little is known regarding HNSCC.

Early experience of laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for T3b renal cell carcinoma.

We report our experience with laparoscopic radical nephrectomy for a 79-year-old man who had renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with a renal vein thrombus. For the transaction of the renal vein with the thrombus, we used an endoscopic gastrointestinal anastomosis stapler. The operating time was 4 h and blood loss was 400 mL.

Identification of differentially expressed genes in salivary gland tumors with cDNA microarray.

Objective: The final goal of this study is to develop a pre-operative fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) diagnostic system based on gene expression profiles. As the first step to that end, the present study was performed to determine whether the cDNA microarray system is applicable for histological evaluation of parotid gland tumors.

Methods: We investigated molecular characteristics on the basis of gene expression patterns of the two most common types of salivary gland tumors (pleomorphic adenomas and Warthin tumors) and normal salivary gland tissues, using the cDNA microarray system.