[Relationship between the subjective age, higher-life function, and new certification as needing long-term care in community-dwelling older adults: The KAGUYA project longitudinal survey of older adults].

Aim: To determine the relationship between the subjective age, higher-life function, and new certification for the need for long-term care among older adults in the community.

Methods: A mail survey was conducted in 2016 among community-dwelling older adults, and the 2,323 participants who were available for follow-up in 2019 were included in the analysis. Subjective age was evaluated using the following three items in response to the question "Please answer how old you feel you are": "Same as actual age," "Feel younger," and "Feel older.

Effects of social activity participation and trust in the community on the transition of frailty classification in late-stage older adults: a 4-year prospective cohort study.

Objectives: In Japan, frailty is a major risk factor for requiring long-term care, especially among older adults aged 75 years or older (ie, late-stage older adults). Both physical and social factors (eg, social activities, social support and community trust) are protective factors against frailty. However, few longitudinal studies have examined reversible change or stage improvement in frailty.

The effect of a buddy-style intervention on physical activity in community-dwelling older adults with disabilities: A 24-week follow-up of a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the sustained effects of a buddy-style intervention aiming to improve physical activity.

Design: A parallel-group, open-label, randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Three adult day-care centers.

Association between neighborhood walkability and social participation in community-dwelling older adults in Japan: A cross-sectional analysis of the keeping active across generations uniting the youth and the aged study.

Aim: This study investigated neighborhood walkability using Walk Score® and social participation in districts within a city among older Japanese adults.

Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study using baseline data of older adults from the Keeping Active across Generations Uniting the Youth and the Aged study. In total, 2750 participants (1361 men and 1389 women, mean age 72.

Effect of buddy-style intervention on exercise adherence in community-dwelling disabled older adults: A pilot randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To assess the preliminary effects of a buddy-style intervention to improve exercise adherence.

Design: A parallel-group, open-label, pilot randomized controlled trial.

Setting: Adult day-care centers.

Regional Differences in Disability Incidence among Japanese Adults Aged 75 Years and Older: A 4-Year Prospective Cohort Study.

The present prospective study investigated the regional differences and trajectories of new-onset disabilities among older adults in the districts within a city in Japan. We analyzed data from 5050 Japanese residents aged ≥75 years old (men/women: 2512/2538) who completed the Kihon Checklist (a self-reported questionnaire on frailty) and a questionnaire on medical history and social capital in Ikoma city in 2015. The incidence of disability was determined using the new certification of long-term care insurance and was followed-up on 4 years after the primary outcome.

Social factors associated with reversing frailty progression in community-dwelling late-stage elderly people: An observational study.

Frailty is considered to be a complex concept based mainly on physical vulnerability, but also vulnerabilities in mental/psychological and social aspects. Frailty can be reversible with appropriate intervention; however, factors that are important in recovering from frailty have not been clarified. The aim of the present study was to identify factors that help an individual reverse frailty progression and characteristics of individuals that have recovered from frailty.

Eating Alone at Each Meal and Associated Health Status among Community-Dwelling Japanese Elderly Living with Others: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the KAGUYA Study.

This cross-sectional study investigated the association between eating alone at each meal and health status, including functional capacity among community-dwelling Japanese elderly living with others. A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to all 8004 residents aged 65 or older, residing in the same Japanese town in March 2016. Eating alone was assessed by first asking whether participants ate three separate meals each day (i.

The difference between self-perceived and chronological age in the elderly may correlate with general health, personality and the practice of good health behavior: A cross-sectional study.

Background And Objective: For the elderly, maintaining a young self-perceived age has a positive impact on physical and mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of the discrepancy between self-perceived age and chronological age in regards to physical activity, instrumental activities of daily living, functional capacity, personality, general self-efficacy, depressive symptoms, and disease burden.

Methods: Participants were 3094 older adults from 2015 baseline data of the Keeping Active across Generations Uniting the Youth and the Aged study.

Benefits of a novel concept of home-based exercise with the aim of preventing aspiration pneumonia and falls in frail older women: a pragmatic controlled trial.

Aim: To investigate whether home-based exercise with the aim of preventing aspiration pneumonia and accidental falls improves swallowing-related and physical functions in community-dwelling frail older women.

Methods: Participants were 266 community-dwelling frail older women in a long-term care prevention class (mean (SD): age 75 (5) years). Participants were allocated to either an intervention group or a control group.

Relationships Between Simple Toe Elevation Angle in the Standing Position and Dynamic Balance and Fall Risk Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objective: To investigate the relationships between toe elevation ability in the standing position and dynamic balance and fall risk among community-dwelling older adults.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: General community.

Effect of intensive rehabilitation on physical function and arterial function in community-dwelling chronic stroke survivors.

Background: Atherothrombosis due to arteriosclerosis is a risk factor for recurrence of stroke. Although exercise therapy is essential to prevent progression of arteriosclerosis and to improve endothelial function, little is known about the effect of rehabilitation in chronic stroke survivors.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intensive rehabilitation on physical and arterial function among community-dwelling stroke survivors.

Variable initial swing side and prolonged double limb support represent abnormalities of the first three steps of gait initiation in patients with Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait.

This study investigated abnormalities of the first three steps of gait initiation in patients with Parkinson's disease without freezing of gait (PD - FOG) and investigated which abnormalities are related to FOG. Seven PD - FOG and seven age-matched healthy controls performed self-generated or cue-triggered gait initiation. Data for PD patients with FOG (PD + FOG) were cited from a previous study using a procedure similar to that used in the present study.

Effect of a cognitive task during obstacle crossing in hemiparetic stroke patients.

Stroke patients are at a higher risk of falling than the community-dwelling elderly, and many falls are due to contact with an obstacle. This study compared the effects of the simultaneous addition of a cognitive task during obstacle crossing between stroke patients and community-dwelling older adults (control subjects). Participants comprised 20 stroke patients who could walk with or without supervision and 20 control subjects matched for age and height with the stroke patients.

Abnormalities of the first three steps of gait initiation in patients with Parkinson's disease with freezing of gait.

The purpose of this study was to investigate abnormalities of the first three steps of gait initiation in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) with freezing of gait (FOG). Ten PD patients with FOG and 10 age-matched healthy controls performed self-generated gait initiation. The center of pressure (COP), heel contact positions, and spatiotemporal parameters were estimated from the vertical pressures on the surface of the force platform.

Does assessing error in perceiving postural limits by testing functional reach predict likelihood of falls in hospitalized stroke patients?

Objective: To investigate the relationship between errors in perceiving postural limits and falls in hospitalized hemiplegic patients and to determine whether this relationship is useful for identifying patients at high risk of falls.

Design: Observational study.

Subjects: Seventy-six hemiplegic patients who were admitted to a rehabilitation hospital.

Effects of ultrasound therapy on calcificated tendinitis of the shoulder.

In general, surgery is recommended for calcificated tendinitis of the shoulder if the patients have symptoms after conservative treatments, including needle aspiration and physical therapy. Many researchers agree about the need for adequate physical therapy consisting of range of motion exercise, muscle strengthening exercises and electrophysical agents. Some researchers report that ultrasound (u/s) promotes angiogenesis and calcium uptake to fibroblasts, but there are few studies about u/s effects on calcificated tendinitis of the shoulder.