Endoscopic Color Doppler Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Gastric Varices Secondary to Left-Sided Portal Hypertension.

Gastric varices that arise secondary to the splenic vein occlusion can result in gastrointestinal hemorrhaging. Endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS) was performed in 16 patients with gastric varices secondary to splenic vein occlusion. This study retrospectively evaluated the role of ECDUS in the diagnosis of gastric varices secondary to splenic vein occlusion.

Spontaneous hemoperitoneum due to rupture of the paraumbilical vein successfully treated with balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration.

Spontaneous hemoperitoneum is an uncommon condition, which may be critical even if treated appropriately. The paraumbilical vein is a portosystemic collateral vein that develops in patients with portal hypertension, and is rarely found to be a source of bleeding. Here we present a case report of spontaneous hemoperitoneum due to rupture of the paraumbilical vein successfully treated with balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B-RTO).

Endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography for esophagogastric varices.

Esophagogastric varices are considered to be the most common complication in patients with portal hypertension. Endoscopic ultrasonography not only visualizes the surface of the varices but also provides detailed information about their internal structure. The direction of blood flow can be determined and its velocity measured only via endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS).

Endoscopic band ligation versus argon plasma coagulation for gastric antral vascular ectasia associated with liver diseases.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinicopathological features and the efficacy of endoscopic treatments in treating gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) in association with liver diseases.

Methods: Thirty-four patients with the characteristic endoscopic findings of GAVE were enrolled. Endoscopic treatments were carried out for all 34 patients, including argon plasma coagulation (APC) in 22 patients and endoscopic band ligation (EBL) in 12 patients.

Endoscopic band ligation for refractory gastric antral vascular ectasia associated with liver cirrhosis.

An 84-year-old woman with unknown liver cirrhosis was admitted to our hospital in October 2008 with anemia due to recurrent gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE). At 78 years of age, argon plasma coagulation (APC) was performed for GAVE, and between 79 and 83 years of age, APC was carried out five times for recurrent episodes of GAVE presenting as anemia. Upon hospitalization, she was found to have anemic conjunctivae and the laboratory findings were red blood cells 245 × 10(4)/mm(3) and hemoglobin 7.

Clinical experience with newer electronic radial-type endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography in the diagnosis of esophageal varices.

Purpose: Endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS) is a method for obtaining color images of flow in blood vessels. In this study, we report the utility of a newer electronic radial ECDUS for evaluating cases with esophageal varices.

Methods: Nineteen patients with esophageal varices were selected.

Retrospective analysis of endoscopic injection sclerotherapy for rectal varices compared with band ligation.

Background And Aims: The study's aim was to evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) compared with endoscopic band ligation (EBL) in treating rectal varices.

Methods: Data from 34 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic treatments for rectal varices were analyzed. The clinical outcomes, including complications, related to EIS or EBL retrospectively.

Evaluation of therapeutic effects and serious complications following endoscopic obliterative therapy with Histoacryl.

Background And Aims: Our aim was to evaluate the utility of endoscopic obliterative therapy with Histoacryl for gastric varices and to investigate the incidence of serious complications.

Methods: Endoscopic obliterative therapy with Histoacryl was performed on 129 gastric variceal patients. Sixty-five patients had cardiofornical varices, and 64 had fundal varices.

Diagnosis of gastric varices and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment using transabdominal color Doppler ultrasonography.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamics of gastric varices using transabdominal color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS).

Methods: Using CDUS, we evaluated 41 consecutive patients with gastric varices. We examined color flow images and measured the velocity of gastric variceal blood flow using fast Fourier transform analysis.

Evaluation of therapeutic effects on rectal varices using percutaneous color Doppler ultrasonography.

Aim: We report the usefulness of percutaneous color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) for evaluating therapeutic effects on rectal varices.

Methods: Ultrasonographic examination and color flow imaging were performed using a color Doppler unit (Aplio 50 or XV, Toshiba, Tokyo, Japan) with a 3.5 MHz convex probe.

Ileal Varices Treated with Balloon-Occluded Retrograde Transvenous Obliteration.

A 55-year-old man with hepatitis B virus antigen-positive liver cirrhosis was admitted to our hospital with anal bleeding. Colonoscopy revealed blood retention in the entire colon, but no bleeding lesion was found. Computed tomography images showed that vessels in the ileum were connected to the right testicular vein, and we suspected ileal varices to be the most probable cause of bleeding.

Endoscopic ultrasonographic evaluation of hemodynamics related to variceal relapse in esophageal variceal patients.

Aim: To evaluate retrospectively the hemodynamics of esophageal varices before and after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) using endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS).

Methods: The study included 306 patients whose esophageal varices had been treated with EIS. The underlying pathologies of portal hypertension in these 306 patients included liver cirrhosis (193), cirrhosis associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (102), primary biliary cirrhosis (6), idiopathic portal hypertension (4) and extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (1).

Transverse colonic varices successfully treated with endoscopic procedure.

A 75-year-old woman with hepatitis C virus antibody-positive liver cirrhosis was admitted to our hospital with anal bleeding. Colonoscopy revealed red color-positive tortuous transverse colonic varices near the splenic flexure. Colonic varices were considered to be the most probable cause of bleeding, although the precise site could not be determined.

Clinical and endoscopic features of gastric varices secondary to splenic vein occlusion.

Aim: This study provides a retrospective evaluation of cases with gastric varices secondary to splenic vein occlusion.

Methods: Our study group consisted of 14 patients. The clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods and therapeutic modalities were analyzed retrospectively.

Hemodynamic evaluation by endoscopic ultrasonography of esophageal varices resistant to injection sclerotherapy.

Purpose: Some esophageal variceal cases are resistant to endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) using 5% ethanolamine oleate (5% EO). We evaluated the hemodynamics of esophageal varices that were resistant to EIS using 5% EO.

Methods: Selected for this study were 290 consecutive patients who underwent hemodynamic evaluation using endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS) and an ultrasonic microprobe (UMP) before EIS.

Observation of gastric variceal flow characteristics by endoscopic ultrasonography using color Doppler.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS) findings of gastric varices and to determine the role of ECDUS in the diagnosis of gastric varices.

Methods: Using ECDUS, we evaluated 114 patients with gastric varices found consecutively by routine upper endoscopy. We monitored the color flow images of gastric varices and perigastric collateral veins.

Diagnosis of rectal varices via color Doppler ultrasonography.

Objectives: There has been no report on the hemodynamic evaluation of rectal varices by percutaneous color Doppler ultrasonography. Here, we report the usefulness of color Doppler ultrasonography for this purpose.

Methods: Color Doppler ultrasonography was performed in 44 patients: 31 patients with portal hypertension, 7 with liver cirrhosis (LC) without portal hypertension, and 6 non-LC patients.

Hemodynamic evaluation of rectal varices by color Doppler ultrasonography: a case report.

A 69-year-old man with liver cirrhosis was admitted to our hospital with general fatigue. Colonoscopy revealed risky red color sign-positive enlarged tortuous rectal varices. Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) was performed three times weekly using 5% ethanolamine oleate with iopamidol; the total amount of sclerosant was 7 ml.

Efficacy of color Doppler ultrasonography for the diagnosis of duodenal varices successfully treated with percutaneous transhepatic obliteration.

We treated a 74-year-old woman who complained of tarry stool. Neither endoscopic examination of the upper gastrointestinal tract nor colonoscopy revealed any finding indicative of bleeding, and (99m)Tc-HSA-D pool scintigraphic imaging showed no accumulation of blood in the digestive tract. Small tortuous collateral veins were observed on computed tomography (CT) in the distal third portion of the duodenum.

Hemodynamic changes in a patient with esophageal varices after endoscopic injection sclerotherapy evaluated by endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography.

A 46-year-old man with alcoholic cirrhosis was admitted to our hospital for treatment of high-risk esophageal varices in February 2000. Images of the esophageal varices, paraesophageal veins and palisade veins were obtained by endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS) before endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS). Prophylactic EIS was performed six times per week for esophageal varices, and EIS was continued until the esophageal varices were completely eradicated.

Evaluation of the hemodynamics of rectal varices by endoscopic ultrasonography.

Background: The usefulness of endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS) for evaluating hemodynamics is examined in 12 cases of rectal varices. We also evaluate the safety of endoscopic therapies in rectal variceal patients.

Methods: ECDUS was performed for 12 rectal variceal patients with a 7.

The value of the endoscopic therapies in the treatment of rectal varices: a retrospective comparison between injection sclerotherapy and band ligation.

This study consisted of 15 patients who had undergone endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) or endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL) for rectal varices. Ten of fifteen patients had histories of anal bleeding, and colonoscopy revealed signs of the risk of variceal rupture in the other five patients. EIS was perfomed in six of the fifteen patients, and the other nine patients underwent EVL.

Usefulness of electronic radial endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography in esophageal varices: comparison with convex type.

Background: Endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS) is a method for detecting color flow images in blood vessels. We previously reported on the usefulness of ECDUS (convex-type scanning instruments with forward--oblique viewing) for evaluating the hemodynamics of esophageal varices. In the present study, we report the usefulness of new electronic radial ECDUS in cases of esophageal varices by comparison with convex-type ECDUS.

Clinical features of hepatocellular carcinoma with extrahepatic metastases.

Background: There are few detailed clinical reports about extrahepatic metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the clinical features of extrahepatic metastases of HCC.

Methods: The clinical records of 482 patients who had been diagnosed as having HCC during the period from January 1995 to March 2001 were retrospectively reviewed.

Efficacy of argon plasma coagulation for gastric antral vascular ectasia associated with chronic liver disease.

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is a rare cause of chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between GAVE with cirrhotic patients and liver dysfunction, portal hypertension and the safety and efficacy of argon plasma coagulation (APC) in treating GAVE with cirrhotic patients. Eight cirrhotic patients with the characteristic endoscopic findings of GAVE were registered.