Successful weaning from parenteral nutrition in a short bowel syndrome patient with high-output stoma through restricted oral diet: a case report.

A restricted oral diet plays a significant role in the nutritional management of patients with Short Bowel Syndrome (SBS). SBS patients often experience increased intestinal output, especially if they are classified as net "secretors" (typically having less than 100 cm of residual jejunum). This means they lose more water and sodium from their stoma than they take in by mouth.

Attitudes and Practices of Dietitians Regarding Gut Microbiota in Health-An Online Survey of the European Federation of the Associations of Dietitians (EFAD).

Explorations of the current attitudes and practices of dietitians regarding the gut microbiota in health are scarce. In this online survey, we assessed the attitudes and practices of dietitians across Europe concerning gut microbiome parameters and the manipulation of the gut microbiota. Pre-graduate dietetic students and other professionals were also invited to participate.

Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) for the diagnosis of malnutrition - a framework for consistent dietetic practice.

Malnutrition is an alarming and ongoing healthcare problem globally. Malnutrition has a negative impact on the individual patient, leading to poorer clinical outcomes and increased mortality, but also poses an economic burden on society. Proper identification and diagnostics are prerequisites for initiation of treatment.

Knowledge of Dietitians on Gut Microbiota in Health-An Online Survey of the European Federation of the Associations of Dietitians (EFAD).

Explorations of current knowledge of dietitians about gut-health interconnection and the role of diet in gut microbiota manipulation are rather scarce in the literature. In this online survey we assessed the perceived and current knowledge of dietitians across Europe about gut microbiota and systemic health, nutrition as a modulator of the gut ecosystem, and the role of probiotics and prebiotics. Pre-graduate dietetic students and other professionals were also invited to participate.

Clinical performance of the infant nutrition early warning score in routine practice across four international clinical settings in Europe: A study by the ESPGHAN special interest group in clinical malnutrition.

There is a scarcity of nutritional screening tools for use in infants (<1 year). The infant Nutrition Early Warning Score (iNEWS) has been developed to identify infants who need further dietetic review. We introduced the iNEWS into clinical practice and evaluated its performance in Scotland, Belgium, Athens and Bulgaria.

The Association between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and the Risk of Breast Cancer in Women.

Introduction: Studies have shown an inverse association between the risk of breast cancer in women and physical activity. However, information on the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) assessed objectively by a standardized test and the risk of developing breast cancer is limited.

Purpose: To examine the CRF-breast cancer risk association in healthy females.

ESPEN-ESPGHAN-ECFS guideline on nutrition care for cystic fibrosis.

Background: Nutritional status is paramount in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and is directly correlated with morbidity and mortality. The first ESPEN-ESPGHAN-ECFS guidelines on nutrition care for infants, children, and adults with CF were published in 2016. An update to these guidelines is presented.

Efficacy of Different Dietary Patterns in the Treatment of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review of Intervention Studies.

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common in children and adolescents. In recent years, interest in the role of diet in the treatment of FGIDs has increased. Currently, interest focuses on the low-FODMAP diet (LFD), the fructose- or lactose-restricted diet (FRD or LRD), the gluten-free diet (GFD), and the Mediterranean diet (MD).

Dietary intake, weight status, pulmonary function, and metabolic profile in children with cystic fibrosis with or without pancreatic sufficiency.

Objective: Nutritional status and growth is well associated with disease outcomes and lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Current dietary guidelines for the management of CF suggest a high-calorie, high-fat diet. Pancreatic insufficiency (PI) is present in most patients and contributes to malabsorption and malnutrition, but a considerable number of patients have pancreatic sufficiency (PS).

Diet and Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Mediterranean Countries.

Background: The increased intake of FODMAP (fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyol) rich foods has been suggested as a possible trigger of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). Despite the high FODMAP content, the Mediterranean diet (MD) appears to have beneficial effects on health. Our aim was to evaluate whether the prevalence of FGIDs in different Mediterranean countries may be influenced by FODMAP consumption and adherence to the MD.

Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Mediterranean Countries According to Rome IV Criteria.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in children of Mediterranean area using Rome IV criteria and to compare the prevalence of FGIDs using Rome IV and Rome III criteria.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study enrolling children and adolescents living in Croatia, Greece, Israel, Italy, Macedonia, and Serbia. Subjects were examined in relation to the presence of FGIDs, using the Rome IV criteria.

Association of vitamin A status with lung function in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis.

Importance: Vitamin A (or retinol) has considerable antioxidative and anti-inflammatory attributes and it may have protective effects on the respiratory health of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). This issue, however, remains controversial.

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between serum retinol levels (SRL) and force expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) in patients with CF.

Neuromuscular blockade administration is associated with altered energy expenditure in critically ill intubated patients with COVID-19.

Background & Aims: ESPEN guidelines advocate that energy needs of critically ill patients with COVID 19 should be assessed using indirect calorimetry, if safely available. This study described energy needs of intubated patients with COVID-19 and explores whether neuromuscular blockade administration (NMBAs) is associated with altered energy expenditure.

Methods: Resting energy expenditure (REE) and respiratory exchange rate (RER) evaluated among critically ill intubated COVID-19 patients until 28th day of intensive care unit stay (ICU-S) by indirect calorimetry.

Malnutrition in Hospitalised Children-An Evaluation of the Efficacy of Two Nutritional Screening Tools.

Nutritional risk screening (NRS) is not yet established in many clinical settings. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of two NRS tools; the Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score (PYMS) and the Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Paediatrics (STAMP), compared to the global dietitians' clinical judgment. The goal of this study was also to estimate the prevalence of nutritional risk in Greek paediatric patients.

Effects of Dietary and Lifestyle Interventions on Liver, Clinical and Metabolic Parameters in Children and Adolescents with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 5.5-10.3% of children worldwide, while in obese individuals, it increases to almost 34%.

High and moderate adherence to Mediterranean lifestyle is inversely associated with overweight, general and abdominal obesity in children and adolescents: The MediLIFE-index.

Several lifestyle factors, such as diet and exercise, have been linked to pediatric obesity. However, relatively few studies have considered them simultaneously, as a pattern. To investigate the associations between students' lifestyle and overweight, general, and abdominal obesity, an a priori Mediterranean lifestyle index (ie, MediLIFE-index) was created.

Schoolteachers' Nutrition Knowledge, Beliefs, and Attitudes Before and After an E-Learning Program.

Objective: Το explore teachers' nutrition knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes and to examine the effectiveness of an electronic learning (e-learning) program in teachers' nutrition knowledge.

Design: Cross-sectional and experimental design.

Setting: The study took place in Greece, while schoolteachers were invited by e-mail.

Improvements in clinical characteristics of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, after an intervention based on the Mediterranean lifestyle: a randomised controlled clinical trial.

Lifestyle interventions remain the cornerstone therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This randomised controlled single-blind clinical trial investigated the effect of Mediterranean diet (MD) or Mediterranean lifestyle, along with weight loss, in NAFLD patients. In all, sixty-three overweight/obese patients (50 (sd 11) years, BMI=31·8 (sd 4·5) kg/m2, 68 % men) with ultrasonography-proven NAFLD (and elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) levels) were randomised to the following groups: (A) control group (CG), (B) Mediterranean diet group (MDG) or (C) Mediterranean lifestyle group (MLG).

Effects of lifestyle interventions on clinical characteristics of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A meta-analysis.

Background/objectives: Although lifestyle modifications remain the cornerstone therapy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the optimal lifestyle intervention is still controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of exercise and/or dietary interventions, type or intensity of exercise and type of diet, on liver function outcomes (liver enzymes, intrahepatic fat and liver histology), as well as on anthropometric and glucose metabolism parameters in NAFLD patients.

Subjects/methods: Literature search was performed in Scopus and US National Library of Medicine databases to identify all randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) in adult patients with NAFLD, diagnosed through imaging techniques or liver biopsy, published in English between January 2005 and August 2016.

A "healthy diet-optimal sleep" lifestyle pattern is inversely associated with liver stiffness and insulin resistance in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Several lifestyle habits have been described as risk factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Given that both healthy and unhealthy habits tend to cluster, the aim of this study was to identify lifestyle patterns and explore their potential associations with clinical characteristics of individuals with NAFLD. One hundred and thirty-six consecutive patients with ultrasound-proven NAFLD were included.

Associations Between Lifestyle Characteristics and the Presence of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Dietary and physical activity (PA) habits have been suggested as important factors for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Published data are mainly focused on the effect of either diet or exercise, whereas data on other aspects like sleep remain sparse. The aim of this study was to explore potential associations between dietary intake, PA, and sleeping habits, and the presence of NAFLD.

Association of butyrylcholinesterase with cardiometabolic risk factors among apparently healthy adults.

Background: Although butyrylcholinesterase is widely distributed in different tissues of the human body, its physiological role has not yet been defined. This study aimed to explore the relationship between butyrylcholinesterase and lipids levels, among apparently healthy adults.

Methods: During 2009, 490 volunteers (46 ± 16 years, 40% men) who visited the outpatients' office of our hospital for routine examinations were consecutively enrolled in the study (participation rate 85%).

Association between serum cystatin C, monocytes and other inflammatory markers.

Background: Cystatin C is a marker of renal function that appears to be associated with inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether there is any relationship between cystatin C, total and differential leukocyte count and other inflammatory markers.

Methods: Cystatin C, creatinine, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), haptoglobin, ferritin, serum albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL and triglycerides together with total and differential leukocyte count were determined in 490 adults (46 ± 16 years, 40% men) who underwent a typical health examination.

Development, repeatability and validity regarding energy and macronutrient intake of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire: methodological considerations.

Background And Aim: The aim of this work was to evaluate the repeatability and the validity of a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and to discuss the methodological framework of such procedures.

Methods And Results: The semi-quantitative FFQ included 69 questions regarding the frequency of consumption of all main food groups and beverages usually consumed and 7 questions regarding eating behaviors. Five hundred individuals (37 ± 15 yrs, 38% males) were recruited for the repeatability process, while another 432 (46 ± 16 yrs, 40% males) also completed 3-Day Diaries (3DD) for the validation process.