Mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease and the risk of returning to the operating room after common General Surgery procedures.

Background: The prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has increased, and there is limited data on the risks faced by this patient population undergoing surgery.

Methods: Using American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, we identified common surgical procedures undergone by patients with ESRD. These patients were compared with a matched-control group.

Limited recovery of β-cell function after gastric bypass despite clinical diabetes remission.

The mechanisms responsible for the remarkable remission of type 2 diabetes after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) are still puzzling. To elucidate the role of the gut, we compared β-cell function assessed during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and an isoglycemic intravenous glucose clamp (iso-IVGC) in: 1) 16 severely obese patients with type 2 diabetes, up to 3 years post-RYGBP; 2) 11 severely obese normal glucose-tolerant control subjects; and 3) 7 lean control subjects. Diabetes remission was observed after RYGBP.

The effects of imposed sedentary behavior and exercise on energy intake in adolescents with obesity.

Objective: Exercise has been shown to decrease subsequent energy intake, without modification of appetite, in adolescents who are obese. This study compared the impact of acute exercise with imposed sedentary behaviors on the daily nutritional adaptations and energy balance of youths with obesity.

Methods: Body composition and maximal oxygen uptake were assessed in 10 12- to 15-year-old adolescents with obesity.