Climacteric status is associated with sexual dysfunction at the age of 46 years: a population-based study.

Objective: Increasing age and menopausal transition increase the risk of sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction is common in women experiencing menopause before the age of 40 years, whereas evidence on sexual function in women experiencing menopause in their mid-40s is scarce. We aimed to investigate sexual function in 46-year-old women in relation to their menopausal status.

Is climacterium by the mid-40s associated with thyroid dysfunction or autoimmunity? A population-based study.

Objective: We investigated whether more advanced climacteric stage in the mid-40s is associated with thyroid autoimmunity and dysfunction.

Methods: This cross-sectional cohort study included 2,569 46-year-old women. Thyroid hormone, thyroid peroxidase antibodies, and follicle-stimulating hormone levels were determined.

Early-onset climacterium is not associated with impaired vitamin D status: a population-based study.

Objective: To investigate vitamin D status in women with the onset of the climacteric phase by age 46 as both early menopause and inadequate vitamin D status may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study included 2,544, 46-year-old women from a birth cohort. Women were divided into the following two groups according to their menstrual history and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) concentration: 1) climacteric (FSH ≥25 IU/L and amenorrhea ≥4 mo, n = 351) and 2) preclimacteric women (FSH <25 IU/L and having regular/irregular menstrual cycles, n = 2,193).

Onset of the climacteric phase by the mid-forties associated with impaired insulin sensitivity: a birth cohort study.

Objective: To investigate whether the early-onset menopausal transition is associated with deteriorated glucose tolerance in women in their mid-forties.

Methods: A cross-sectional analysis of a cohort study including 2,632 women of the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1966. The participants were divided into two groups by their menstrual history and follicle-stimulating hormone values at age 46: climacteric and preclimacteric women.

Raccoon dog model shows preservation of bone during prolonged catabolism and reduced physical activity.

The raccoon dog () is a promising animal model capable of preventing disuse-induced osteoporosis. Previous data suggest that this species resembles bears in the preservation of bone mass and biomechanical properties during prolonged passivity and catabolism. This longitudinal study examined the osteological properties of tibiae in farm-bred raccoon dogs that were either fed or fasted (=6 per group) for a 10 week period.

Effect of moderate alcohol consumption on liver enzymes increases with increasing body mass index.

Background: Although both ethanol consumption and overweight alter the activities of hepatic enzymes in circulation, the differentiation of an alcohol or nonalcohol basis for such changes remains problematic. The magnitude of alterations occurring among moderate drinkers has remained obscure.

Objective: We examined the links between moderate ethanol consumption, body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)), and liver enzymes.