Organization of cortical and subcortical projections to the feline insular visual area, IVA.

Extracellular recordings with carbon fiber-filled microelectrodes were used to identify the visually responsive area within the insular cortex (referred to hereafter as the insular visual area, IVA) of anaesthetized cats. Broadly speaking, IVA comprises the cortex surrounding the anterior ectosylvian sulcus (AEs) along its ventral bank and the major portion of the anterior sylvian gyrus. Visually sensitive cells were recorded along the whole length of the AEs.

Complications of lateral C1-2 puncture myelography.

This study reviewed the technical complication of 112 cases of lateral C1-2 puncture myelography for cervical spinal cord disorders. Spinal cord puncture and contrast injection, puncture between the occiput and C1, and blood vessel puncture were the main complications. These principally depended on the positioning of the patient's neck (hyperextension) and misdirection of the x-ray beam.

Allopurinol and thiazide effects on new urinary stone formed after discontinued therapy in patients with urinary stones.

We treated 87 patients with calcium-containing urinary stones with either allopurinol alone (44 patients) or in combination with thiazide (43 patients) and studied new stone formation before, during, and after the discontinuation of the drug therapy. The number of stones formed were 1.18, 0.

Induction of tumoricidal activated macrophages by a liposome-encapsulated glycolipid, trehalose 2,3,6'-trimycolate from Gordona aurantiaca.

A mycolic acid-containing glycolipid, trehalose 2,3,6'-trimycolate, prepared from a non-pathogenic acid-fast bacterium Gordona aurantiaca, was shown to induce strong tumoricidal activity in peritoneal exudate cells by intravenous or intraperitoneal injection of liposome-encapsulated preparations. The mycolic acid derivative containing a high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids rendered macrophages cytotoxic against syngeneic mastocytoma cells in the absence of endotoxin, for over 14 days after the injection. The macrophages were ascertained to be at low intracellular levels of a lysosomal enzyme beta-galactosidase and an ectoenzyme alkaline phosphodiesterase, a specific pattern as previously described for "primed macrophages".

[Clinical studies on thirty-two cases of childhood urolithiasis].

We evaluated 32 patients with urinary calculi under 16 years of age over the past 14 years since the founding of the Department of Urology, Kinki University School of Medicine. They comprised 0.8% of the total urolithiasis patients.

Immunoscintigraphy of human tumors transplanted in nude mice with radiolabeled anti-ras p21 monoclonal antibodies.

Anti-ras p21 monoclonal antibody (RASK-3) was used for immunoscintigraphy of human cancer cell lines in nude mice. Iodine-125-labeled RASK-3 was injected into nude mice with either human colon cancers (FCC-1 or BM-314) or lung cancer (KNS-62). Clear images were obtained in all three cancers 7 days after the injection of antibody.

Clinical effects of prophylactic dietary treatment on renal stones.

From the investigation of the dietary intake and habits of male Japanese renal stone patients we established several general guidelines. Fluid intake should be increased, especially after dinner. Unbalanced diets should be corrected and avoided (the diet should include different types of food, with vegetables being eaten at every meal and an excessive intake of meat should also be avoided).

[A clinical study of 76 cases in carcinoma of the colon and rectum with metastasis to the peri-aortic lymph nodes. With particular reference to the skip metastasis in carcinoma of the sigmoid colon to the peri-aortic lymph nodes].

The therapeutic result by tumorous site were evaluated in 76 cases of carcinoma of the colon and rectum with the confirmed presence of metastasis to the peri-aortic lymph nodes. The results revealed that significant good out-comes were noted in the relatively non-curative cases of carcinoma of the sigmoid colon, with particularly good prognosis being found in six cases with skip metastasis. There was a 26.

Expression of inhibin alpha-subunit gene during mouse gametogenesis.

Mammalian gametogenesis is regulated through complex interactions between germ and somatic cells. To investigate the mechanism underlying the differentiation of functional gametes, some genes specifically expressed during gametogenesis have been isolated and characterized. In a search for further examples of such genes, we have isolated from a newborn mouse testis cDNA library, a clone corresponding to mouse inhibin alpha-subunit.

Messenger RNA levels of guanine nucleotide-binding proteins are reduced in the ventricle of cardiomyopathic hamsters.

The expression of guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G-protein) genes (Gs alpha, Go alpha, Gi alpha 1, Gi alpha 2, and Gi alpha 3) was examined in the ventricle of cardiomyopathic Syrian hamsters of the Bio14.6 strain (10-35 weeks old). Northern blot analysis of total cellular RNA revealed that all G-protein genes except Gi alpha 1 were expressed in the ventricle of Syrian hamsters.

[Gamma-ray spectra of 201Tl-radiopharmaceuticals with a scintillation camera--crosstalk of contaminating nuclides of 200Tl and/or 202Tl onto 201Tl-photopeaks].

In cardiac imaging with 201Tl, the collimator for low energy high resolution is generally used, and also the energy window, which is set on the spectral display of a pulse height analyzer of a scintillation camera, is chosen 70 +/- 12.5 keV. The purpose of this study is to discuss those conditions in 201Tl imaging with the scintillation camera.

Dietary intake and habits of Japanese renal stone patients.

The daily consumption of various nutrients as well as the daily habits of 241 male stone patients were investigated. Hypercalciuric (300 mg. or more per day) calcium stone patients ingested much more total protein, fats, oils and calcium than normocalciuric calcium stone patients, and uric acid stone patients ingested much more total and animal protein, and carbohydrates than calcium stone patients.

Molecular mechanism of cardiac hypertrophy.

Pressure overload induces cardiac hypertrophy and reexpression of contractile protein isogenes. To ascertain the molecular mechanism of these events, we examined the expression of cellular oncogenes and the early change in the translational activity of specific cardiac mRNA by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of in vitro translational products. Pressure overload increased the expression levels of c-fos, c-myc, and c-Ha-ras genes.

Stretching cardiac myocytes stimulates protooncogene expression.

Recently cellular protooncogenes have been found to be induced as an early response to pressure overload in cardiac hypertrophy. To examine whether mechanical stimuli directly induce specific gene expression in the heart, we cultured rat neonatal cardiocytes in elastic silicone dishes and stretched these adherent cells. Myocyte stretching stimulated expression of the protooncogene, c-fos, in a stretch length-dependent manner, followed by an increase in amino acid incorporation into proteins.

[A case of metastatic ureteral tumor].

We report a case of metastatic ureteral tumor resulting from gastric cancer in a 56-year-old female. She had undergone distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer in our hospital 3 years earlier, on the histological diagnosis of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with absolute curative resection. In March, 1987, she visited our hospital complaining of microscopic hematuria and lumbago.

Ceramic interspinous block (CISB) assisted anterior interbody fusion.

Ceramic interspinous block (CISB) assisted anterior fusion system was developed. The system is recommended for patients with symptomatic disc degeneration and destructive lesions of the lumbar spine. One hundred and six patients who underwent CISB-assisted anterior fusion by one doctor (H.

[A study of the auditory responses to intra-uterine sound in the first few months after birth].

The auditory responses of infants until 3 months after birth were examined using the doll "Nenkororin" which contains a tape recorder of the intrauterine sound (IUS). The purpose of this study was to assess the applicability of these responses to screening of infants with severe hearing impairment. The results are summarized as follows.

Relationship of plasma and urine composition to recurrence of calcium urinary stones in patients on drug therapy.

Factors relating alterations in plasma and urine composition to recurrence of urinary stones during drug therapy were investigated by using a multiple regression analysis technique. These factors were influenced not only by the efficacy of the drugs but also by other factors (plasma or urinary constituents and overall health of the patients, etc.).

[Autopsy cases of hereditary ataxia pathologically diagnosed as the Japanese type of Joseph disease--cliniconeuropathological findings].

Two cases (father and son) clinically diagnosed as Menzel type of heredoataxia were examined pathologically, and found nonspecific, multisystem degenerations of central nervous system spreading from brain stem to cerebellum and spinal cord. Common neuropathological findings of both cases were marked neuronal loss, demyelination and cellular and fibrous gliosis in pallidum (esp. internal segment), body of Luys, substantia nigra, dentate nucleus, red nucleus, cranial and spinal motor nuclei, spinocerebellar tracts and Clarke's column.

Calcium oxalate crystal formation in patients with hyperparathyroidism and hyperthyroidism and related metabolic disturbances.

The crystallization of calcium oxalate in the urine of patients with hyperparathyroidism and hyperthyroidism was studied using a mixed suspension mixed product removal (MSMPR) system. In addition, calcium metabolism in hyperthyroidism and its relationship to urolithiasis was investigated. The urines from all the three groups (normal subjects, hyperparathyroid and hyperthyroid patients) showed reduced nucleation rates and increased growth rates in comparison with the control synthetic urine.

[Calcium urolithiasis and bone change].

Bone mineral contents of calcium urolithiasis patients (105 males and 52 females) were measured by the microdensitometry (MD) method, and the patients were divided into the MD normal group and the MD abnormal group. The patients were also divided into the group (21 males and 3 females) treated with thiazides for 1 year or more and the nontreated group to examine various factors in blood and urine. [Nontreated group] The rate of MD abnormality was higher in younger males.

Expansive laminoplasty for lumbar spinal stenosis.

Expansive laminoplasty, a procedure used for cervical myelopathy, was carried out in 4 patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis. The method was used in relatively young patients with severe low back and sciatic pain who had intraspinal ossification at multiple segments, with or without developmental spinal stenosis. The advantages of osteoplastic enlargement of the lumbar spinal canal with reinforcement of spinal stability are confirmed by our follow up of 2 to 5 1/2 years.

Effects of transforming growth factor-beta 1 on murine clonal osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1).

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta family is considered to be an important local factor that greatly regulates bone metabolism. However, the effects of this polypeptide on osteoblasts have been divergent under various experimental conditions. Moreover, three forms of TGF-beta have been recently described.

An autopsy case of a cystic variant of thymic carcinoma mimicking a thymic cyst.

An autopsy case of thymic carcinoma is reported. The surgically excised cystic tumour from a 38-year-old Japanese male mimicked a thymic cyst pathologically. After a clinical course of 6 years, postmortem examination disclosed extensive metastases, including cystic lesions lined by benign-looking squamous epithelium.

Inhibitory effect of glutamic acid and aspartic acid on calcium oxalate crystal formation.

The effects of Glu and Asp on calcium stone formation was evaluated in three experiments. Studies using mixed suspension, mixed product removal crystallization and scanning electron microscopy showed that Glu and Asp inhibited the nucleation rate, growth rate and suspension density (crystal mass produced) in proportion to the concentration. The main amino acids in calcium oxalate stones and calcium phosphate stones were Glu and Asp.