The segmental-based approach during anatomy coursework presents better results than the systems-based approach.

Traditionally, there are two pedagogical approaches to teaching human anatomy. The first is the systems-based approach (study of body systems - bones, muscles, organs - separately) gross anatomy courses and the second is the segmental-based approach (study of body segments - upper and lower limbs and trunk - separately); both are highly recommended. However, to the best of our knowledge, less is known about academic performance comparing the two approaches.

Analysis of the 10-day ultra-marathon using a predictive XG boost model.

Objective: Ultra-marathon running races are held as distance-limited or time-limited events, ranging from 6 h to 10 days. Only a few runners compete in 10-day events, and so far, we have little knowledge about the athletes' origins, performance, and event characteristics. The aim of the present study was to investigate the origin and performance of these runners and the fastest race locations.

Assessment of isokinetic trunk muscle parameters, postural control and quality of life in sedentary and active older adults.

Objective: The study intended to evaluate the differences between active and sedentary postural control and isokinetic trunk strength. The secondary aim was to evaluate the participants' total physical activity (PA) score regarding the specific quality of life domains assessed.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study involving 64 participants of both sexes aged ≥60 years (60-86 years) was conducted.

The influence of origin and race location on performance in IRONMAN® age group triathletes.

Background: The IRONMAN® (IM) triathlon is a popular multi-sport, where age group athletes often strive to qualify for the IM World Championship in Hawaii. The aim of the present study was to investigate the location of the fastest IM racecourses for age group IM triathletes. This knowledge will help IM age group triathletes find the best racecourse, considering their strengths and weaknesses, to qualify.

Can people with epilepsy trust AI chatbots for information on physical exercise?

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the similarity, readability, and alignment with current scientific knowledge of responses from AI-based chatbots to common questions about epilepsy and physical exercise.

Methods: Four AI chatbots (ChatGPT-3.5,ChatGPT 4, Google Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot) were evaluated.

Using complex systems to understand running-related injuries.

This study aims to investigate anthropometric and training characteristics associated with injuries in runners using a complex approach. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 97 Brazilian runners of both sexes (age: 39.1 ± 11.

Differences in 5-km running pace between female and male triathletes.

During an IRONMAN, the pacing strategy in the running segment differs significantly between sexes. However, it is unknown if sex affects the running pace in shorter triathlon events. This study compared the pacing strategy between sexes during a 5-km running test performed following a 20-km cycle (sprint triathlon distances).

Running Plus Strength Training Positively Affects Muscle Strength and Quality in Both Younger (Below 50 Years Old) and Older (Above 50 Years Old) Women.

Background/objectives: Sarcopenia is a muscular disease characterized by loss of muscular strength and function, affecting mainly women, and associated with increased mortality risk. The aim of this study was to compare active women with inactive women of different age groups regarding muscle mass, strength, and muscle quality.

Methods: This study included 147 women (85 runners and 62 inactive), divided into <50 and ≥50 years old.

The potential of large language model chatbots for application to epilepsy: Let's talk about physical exercise.

In this paper, we discuss how artificial intelligence chatbots based on large-scale language models (LLMs) can be used to disseminate information about the benefits of physical exercise for individuals with epilepsy. LLMs have demonstrated the ability to generate increasingly detailed text and allow structured dialogs. These can be useful tools, providing guidance and advice to people with epilepsy on different forms of treatment as well as physical exercise.

Associations between environmental factors and running performance: An observational study of the Berlin Marathon.

Extensive research has delved into the impact of environmental circumstances on the pacing and performance of professional marathon runners. However, the effects of environmental conditions on the pacing strategies employed by marathon participants in general remain relatively unexplored. This study aimed to examine the potential associations between various environmental factors, encompassing temperature, barometric pressure, humidity, precipitation, sunshine, cloud cover, wind speed, and dew point, and the pacing behavior of men and women.

Effects of Acute Citrulline Malate Supplementation on CrossFit Exercise Performance: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Cross-Over Study.

Given the increasing popularity of CrossFit as a high-intensity functional training program and the potential benefits of citrulline malate (CM) in enhancing exercise performance through its role as a precursor to L-arginine and nitric oxide production, this study aimed to investigate the acute effects of CM supplementation on CrossFit performance and cardiovascular function. Using a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over design, 21 recreationally active participants (mean age 22.2 ± 2.

Sex difference in IRONMAN age group triathletes.

Background: The sex difference in athletic performance has been thoroughly investigated in single sport disciplines such as swimming, cycling, and running. In contrast, only small samples of long-distance triathlons, such as the IRONMAN® triathlon, have been investigated so far.

Aim: The aim of the study was to examine potential sex differences in the three split disciplines by age groups in 5-year intervals in a very large data set of IRONMAN® age group triathletes.

Case Report: Differences in self-selected pacing in 20, 40, and 60 ironman-distance triathlons: a case study.

Background: Triathletes are pushing their limits in multi-stage Ironman-distance triathlons. In the present case study, we investigated the pacing during 20, 40, and 60 Ironman-distance triathlons in 20, 40, and 60 days, respectively, of one professional IRONMAN® triathlete.

Case Study: Event 1 (20 Ironman-distance triathlons in 20 days), Event 2 (40 Ironman-distance triathlons in 40 days), and Event 3 (60 Ironman-distance triathlons in 60 days) were analyzed by discipline (swimming, cycling, running, and overall event time), by Deca intervals (10 days of consecutive Ironman-distance triathlons) and additional data (sleep duration, body mass, heart rate in cycling and running).

Cycling Intensity Effect on Running Plus Cycling Performance among Triathletes.

Running performance is crucial for triathlon performance. However, the prior bout of cycling may affect the running split time. This study compared the triathletes' cycling plus running (C+R) time, when cycling was performed at three different intensities and running was maximal.

Does wet-cupping therapy improve repeated sprint ability, perceived wellness, and rating of perceived exertion in young active males?

Wet-cupping therapy (WCT) is one of the oldest known medical techniques, used as a traditional and complementary therapy with a wide application all around the world for general health. Research on the effects of WCT on sports performance are sparse and inconsistent. Thus, we aimed to explore the effects of WCT on repeated sprint ability, wellness, and exertion in young active males.

Critical analysis of information provided by ChatGPT on lactate, exercise, fatigue, and muscle pain: current insights and future prospects for enhancement.

This study aimed to critically evaluate the information provided by ChatGPT on the role of lactate in fatigue and muscle pain during physical exercise. We inserted the prompt "What is the cause of fatigue and pain during exercise?" using ChatGPT versions 3.5 and 4o.

Europe has the fastest Ironman race courses and the fastest Ironman age group triathletes.

The majority of participants in Ironman triathlon races are age group athletes. We have extensive knowledge about recreational athletes' training and competition participation. Nonetheless, Ironman age group triathletes must achieve fast race times to qualify for the Ironman World Championship in Hawaii.

Crocus Sativus Linnaeus (Saffron) intake does not affect physiological and perceptual responses during a repeated sprint test in healthy active young males.

The study aimed to investigate the effects of acute ingestion of saffron (SAF) on physiological (i.e., heart rate and blood lactate) and perceptual (i.

Using machine learning to determine the nationalities of the fastest 100-mile ultra-marathoners and identify top racing events.

The present study intended to determine the nationality of the fastest 100-mile ultra-marathoners and the country/events where the fastest 100-mile races are held. A machine learning model based on the XG Boost algorithm was built to predict the running speed from the athlete's age (Age group), gender (Gender), country of origin (Athlete country) and where the race occurred (Event country). Model explainability tools were then used to investigate how each independent variable influenced the predicted running speed.

Predicting and comparing the long-term impact of lifestyle interventions on individuals with eating disorders in active population: a machine learning evaluation.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate and predict the long-term effectiveness of five lifestyle interventions for individuals with eating disorders using machine learning techniques.

Methods: This study, conducted at Dr. Irandoust's Health Center at Qazvin from August 2021 to August 2023, aimed to evaluate the effects of five lifestyle interventions on individuals with eating disorders, initially diagnosed using The Eating Disorder Diagnostic Scale (EDDS).

Developing normative values and predictive models for the 6-minute walk test across diverse adolescent developmental stages.

The six-minute walking test (6MWT) is commonly used to measure functional capacity in field settings, primarily through the distance covered. This study aims to establish reference curves for the six-minute walking distance (6MWD) and peak heart rate (PHR) and develop a predictive equation for cardiovascular capacity in Tunisian children and adolescents. A total of 1501 participants (706 boys and 795 girls), aged 10-18 years, were recruited from schools in Tunisia.

Analysis of the fastest backstroke age group swimmers competing in the World Masters Championships 1986-2024.

Backstroke has been thoroughly investigated in the context of sports science. However, we have no knowledge about the nationalities of the fastest age group backstroke swimmers. Therefore, the present study intended to investigate the nationalities of the fastest backstroke swimmers.