Topsoil dilution by subsoil admixture had less impact on soil organic carbon stock development than fertilizer form and erosion state.

Enhancing the agroecosystems carbon (C) sink function for climate mitigation faced challenges, particularly with traditional measures with limited suitability for increasing soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks. Inducing a SOC undersaturation in the topsoil by abrupt subsoil admixture is a way to create an additional C sink. However, the deep tillage traditionally used for this topsoil dilution was not always successful.

Limited effects of population age on the genetic structure of spatially isolated forest herb populations in temperate Europe.

Due to multiple land-cover changes, forest herb populations residing in forest patches embedded in agricultural landscapes display different ages and, thus, experience differences in genetic exchange, mutation accumulation and genetic drift. The extent of divergence in present-day population genetic structure among these populations of different ages remains unclear, considering their diverse breeding systems and associated pollinators. Answering this question is essential to understand these species' persistence, maintenance of evolutionary potential and adaptability to changing environments.

(Sauaia and Alves)-An Overview of a Model Organism in Genetics, with New Aspects in Morphology and Systematics.

(Sauaia & Alves, 1968) is a sciarid that has been continuously cultured in the laboratory for nearly 60 years. Studies on this species have contributed to the understanding of DNA puffs, which are characteristic of Sciaridae, and to the knowledge of more general aspects of insect biology, including cell death, nucleolar organization, and the role of the hormone ecdysone during molting. The genome of has now been sequenced, and it is the third publicly available sciarid genome.

Plastocerus angulosus (Germar, 1844) (Coleoptera: Elateridae: Dendrometrinae): an enigmatic click beetle with a convoluted taxonomic history.

Plastocerus angulosus (Germar, 1844) is one of the only two species of genus Plastocerus Schaum, 1852 within the monogeneric click beetle tribe Plastocerini. It is distributed in the area comprising Greece, Turkey, Syria, Israel, and Lebanon (first record for Lebanon published here). Due to the slightly modified morphology of P.

The Pamphiliinae of the Russian Far East and Korea (Hymenoptera, Pamphiliidae).

Four genera and 58 species of the web-spinning or leaf-rolling sawfly subfamily Pamphiliinae are recognized in the Russian Far East and Korea. Pamphilius belokobylskiji sp. nov.

On the status of Hypena helenae Berio, 1972 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae).

The authors present the results of morphological, anatomic and genetic studies on Hypena helenae Berio, 1972. They revealed the synonymy of this species with Hypena commixtalis Zeller, 1852 (Hypena helenae Berio, 1972 syn. nov.

Context matters: the landscape matrix determines the population genetic structure of temperate forest herbs across Europe.

Context: Plant populations in agricultural landscapes are mostly fragmented and their functional connectivity often depends on seed and pollen dispersal by animals. However, little is known about how the interactions of seed and pollen dispersers with the agricultural matrix translate into gene flow among plant populations.

Objectives: We aimed to identify effects of the landscape structure on the genetic diversity within, and the genetic differentiation among, spatially isolated populations of three temperate forest herbs.

Reconstruction of forest dynamics in the Western Palaearctic based on phylogeographic analysis of the ringlet butterfly Erebia aethiops.

Glacial refugia are centers of high biodiversity. Therefore, knowledge on their locations and reactions of associated populations and landscapes to climatic changes is crucial for conservation management. We here investigated the biogeography of a butterfly species linked to open forest habitats.

Author Correction: Hidden diversity in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest: the discovery of Jurasaidae, a new beetle family (Coleoptera, Elateroidea) with neotenic females.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Hidden diversity in the Brazilian Atlantic rainforest: the discovery of Jurasaidae, a new beetle family (Coleoptera, Elateroidea) with neotenic females.

Beetles are the most species-rich animal radiation and are among the historically most intensively studied insect groups. Consequently, the vast majority of their higher-level taxa had already been described about a century ago. In the 21st century, thus far, only three beetle families have been described de novo based on newly collected material.

First microsatellite markers for the pine catkin sawfly (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) and their application in phylogeography and population genetics.

Microsatellites are widely used as powerful markers in population genetics because of their ability to access recent genetic variation and to resolve subtle population genetic structures. However, their development, especially for non-model organisms with no available genome-wide sequence data has been difficult and time-consuming. Here, a commercial high-throughput sequencing approach (HTS) was used for the very first identification of microsatellite motifs in the genome of and the design of primer pairs flanking those motifs.

The West Palaearctic genera of Nematinae (Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae).

Keys to adults and larvae of the genera of West Palaearctic nematine sawflies are presented. Species of some of the smaller genera are keyed, and their taxonomy, distribution, and host plants reviewed, with a geographic focus on north-western Europe, particularly Sweden. Lacourt, 2006 is a new junior subjective synonym of Latreille, 1810, resulting in the new combination (Lacourt, 2006) for the type species of .

Bird droppings on chestnut leaves or sawfly larvae: DNA barcodes verify the occurrence of the archaic (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae) in Hokkaido, Japan.

We made a molecular phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene sequences for ten unidentified Megaxyela larvae from Hokkaido, Honshu and Shikoku, Japan, and 15 identified adults of four Megaxyela, one Macroxyela and three Xyela species. It revealed that all larvae belonged to M. togashii Shinohara, 1992, which showed rather large intraspecific genetic variability even among the individuals from the same population.

sp. nov.-the " " of Japanese authors (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae).

The species formerly known as Pachyprotasis nigronotata Kriechbaumer, 1874 in Japan is described as P. kojimai Taeger & Shinohara, sp. nov.

Identification of sawflies and horntails (Hymenoptera, 'Symphyta') through DNA barcodes: successes and caveats.

The 'Symphyta' is a paraphyletic assemblage at the base of the order Hymenoptera, comprising 14 families and about 8750 species. All have phytophagous larvae, except for the Orussidae, which are parasitoids. This study presents and evaluates the results of DNA barcoding of approximately 5360 specimens of 'Symphyta', mainly adults, and 4362 sequences covering 1037 species were deemed of suitable quality for inclusion in the analysis.