Stopping antibacterial prophylaxis in pediatric allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation: An internal audit.

Background: Antibacterial prophylaxis in children and adolescents undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is controversial and not recommended by international guidelines. We analyzed relevant posttransplant outcomes following discontinuation of antibacterial prophylaxis at a major European pediatric transplant center.

Methods: The single-center retrospective audit included all pediatric allogeneic HCT patients (pts) transplanted between 2011 and 2020 before (≤2014) and after (≥2015) stopping routine antibacterial prophylaxis with penicillin, metronidazole, and ciprofloxacin upon start of the conditioning regimen.

BRD9 Inhibition, Alone or in Combination with Cytostatic Compounds as a Therapeutic Approach in Rhabdoid Tumors.

Rhabdoid tumors (RT) are malignant neoplasms of early childhood. Despite intensive therapy, survival is poor and new treatment approaches are required. The only recurrent mutations in these tumors affect and less commonly , both subunits of the chromatin remodeling complex SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF).

Efficacy of SpyGlass(TM)-directed biopsy compared to brush cytology in obtaining adequate tissue for diagnosis in patients with biliary strictures.

Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic yield (inflammatory activity) and efficiency (size of the biopsy specimen) of SpyGlass(TM)-guided biopsy vs standard brush cytology in patients with and without primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC).

Methods: At the University Medical Center Mainz, Germany, 35 consecutive patients with unclear biliary lesions (16 patients) or long-standing PSC (19 patients) were screened for the study. All patients underwent a physical examination, lab analyses, and abdominal ultrasound.

Diastereoselective Friedel-Crafts alkylation of hydronaphthalenes.

An efficient and versatile synthesis of chiral tetralins has been developed using both inter- and intramolecular Friedel-Crafts alkylation as a key step. The readily available hydronaphthalene substrates were prepared via a highly enantioselective metal-catalyzed ring opening of meso-oxabicyclic alkenes followed by hydrogenation. A wide variety of complex tetracyclic compounds have been isolated with high levels of regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselectivity.

Enantioselective palladium-catalyzed carbozincation of cyclopropenes.

A highly enantioselective palladium-catalyzed carbozincation of cyclopropenes has been developed. The intermediate cyclopropylzinc species, after transmetalation with copper, were trapped with various electrophiles. This one-pot procedure furnished functionalizied cyclopropenes with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivity.

A straightforward approach towards glycoamino acids and glycopeptides via Pd-catalysed allylic alkylation.

Chelated enolates are versatile nucleophiles for palladium-catalysed allylic alkylations. Even with complex allylic substrates the reaction proceed without significant isomerisation. This allows the stereoselective introduction of polyhydroxylated allylic sidechains into amino acids and peptides with retention of the olefin geometry.

Influences on the regioselectivity of palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylations.

Chelated amino acid ester enolates are excellent nucleophiles for palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylations. These enolates react rapidly at -78 degrees C and in general without isomerization of pi-allyl palladium complexes. Therefore, they are good candidates for mechanistic studies and regioselective reactions.

Isomerization-free allylic alkylations of terminal pi-allyl palladium complexes.

Chelated amino acid ester enolates are excellent nucleophiles for allylic alkylations. With these enolates, even terminal pi-allyl palladium complexes react without significant isomerization. This allows a transfer of the cis-olefin geometry from the substrate into the product.

The Drosophila MBD2/3 protein mediates interactions between the MI-2 chromatin complex and CpT/A-methylated DNA.

Methyl-DNA binding proteins play an important role in epigenetic gene regulation. The Drosophila genome encodes a single protein (MBD2/3) with extended homologies to the vertebrate methyl-DNA binding proteins MBD2 and MBD3. However, very little is known about its functional properties.

The Drosophila methyl-DNA binding protein MBD2/3 interacts with the NuRD complex via p55 and MI-2.

Background: Methyl-DNA binding proteins help to translate epigenetic information encoded by DNA methylation into covalent histone modifications. MBD2/3 is the only candidate gene in the Drosophila genome with extended homologies to mammalian MBD2 and MBD3 proteins, which represent a co-repressor and an integral component of the Nucleosome Remodelling and Deacetylase (NuRD) complex, respectively. An association of Drosophila MBD2/3 with the Drosophila NuRD complex has been suggested previously.