Assessment and management of allergy history with a novel mRNA vaccine.

Context: Tertiary care hospital provided onsite COVID-19 vaccine roll out as a work benefit for all care team members with medically supervised waiting period at the time of the distribution of the first round of the novel mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Little was known about the immediate hypersensivity reactions or what might predispose to cross reactivity.

Objective: We developed a working protocol to continuously track the vaccines administered, the patient history of allergy and hypersensistivity, the reactions observed and the care plan developed (determination of allergy to mRNA vaccines or normal vaccine response).

Factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and outbreaks in long-term care facilities in England: a national cross-sectional survey.

Background: Outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have occurred in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) worldwide, but the reasons why some facilities are particularly vulnerable to outbreaks are poorly understood. We aimed to identify factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and outbreaks among staff and residents in LTCFs.

Methods: We did a national cross-sectional survey of all LTCFs providing dementia care or care to adults aged 65 years or older in England between May 26 and June 19, 2020.

HIV transmission and source-sink dynamics in sub-Saharan Africa.

Multiple phylogenetic studies of HIV in sub-Saharan Africa have shown that mobility-driven transmission frequently occurs: many communities export and import strains. Mobility-driven transmission can result in source-sink dynamics: one community can sustain a micro-epidemic in another community in which transmission is too low to be self-sustaining. In epidemiology, the basic reproduction number (R) is used to specify the sustainability threshold.

A spatial model of fluid recycling in the airways of the lung.

The genetic disease cystic fibrosis (CF) is a mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, and results in viscous mucus and impaired mucociliary clearance leading to chronic recurring pulmonary infections. Although extensive experimental research has been conducted over the last few decades, CF lung pathophysiology remains controversial. There are two competing explanations for the observed depletion of periciliary liquid (PCL) in CF lungs.