Medication Errors in Saudi Arabian Hospital Settings: A Systematic Review.

Medication errors significantly impact patient safety, potentially causing adverse drug events (ADEs), increasing morbidity and mortality and prolonging hospital stays. This systematic review aimed to identify common medication errors in Saudi hospitals, their contributing factors, and effective prevention strategies. Following PRISMA-P guidelines, a comprehensive review of the literature published after 2019 was conducted.

A Systematic Review of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Challenges and Strategies to Enhance Uptake.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has revolutionized cervical cancer prevention. Clinical trials confirm that the quadrivalent (HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18) and bivalent (HPV types 16, 18) vaccines effectively prevent HPV infections and cervical neoplasia. The latest HPV vaccine protects against nine virus types responsible for 90% of cervical cancer cases globally.

The prevalence of hepatic and thyroid toxicity associated with imatinib treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia: a systematic review.

Background: Imatinib, a potent inhibitor of targeted protein tyrosine kinases, treats chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Data on imatinib-associated changes in hepatic and thyroid functions are limited and conflicting.

Aim: To report the prevalence of hepatic and thyroid toxicity associated with the use of imatinib in CML patients.

A pilot study to identify elderly patients with cognitive impairment for clinical pharmacist polypharmacy review in General Practice.

Background: Polypharmacy in elderly patients is common with potential for harm. Cognitive impairment is postulated as the biggest contributor to poor medication management with increased risk of hospital admission. There is limited information about approaches to identify high risk patients for polypharmacy review.

Characterising the health and social care segment of the BCS (The Chartered Institute for IT) membership and their continuing professional development needs.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify and characterise the health and social care membership of the British Computer Society (BCS), an international informatics professional organisation, and to determine their ongoing development needs.

Methods: A prepiloted online survey included items on professional regulatory body, job role, work sector, qualifications, career stage, BCS membership (type, specialist group/branch activity (committees, event attendance)), use of BCS.org career planning/continuing professional development (CPD) tools, self-reported digital literacy and other professional registrations.

Staff and student experiences and attitudes towards smoking and smoking cessation, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: Tobacco smoking causes an estimated 7 million deaths per annum with 70 thousand of those occurring in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) where the National Transformation Program highlights the need to prioritize smoking cessation. The objective of this study was to determine the experiences and attitudes of university staff and students, who have been or are currently smokers, towards smoking and smoking cessation.

Methods: A link to a cross-sectional online survey was distributed by email in October and November 2020 to students and staff (n=34872) at the University of Jeddah, KSA.

Thrombotic Adverse Events Reported for Moderna, Pfizer and Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 Vaccines: Comparison of Occurrence and Clinical Outcomes in the EudraVigilance Database.

Vaccination against COVID-19 is the cornerstone of controlling and mitigating the ongoing pandemic. Thrombotic adverse events linked to Moderna, Pfizer and the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine have been documented and described as extremely rare. While the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine has received much of the attention, the other vaccines should not go unchallenged.

The physical and mental health effects of housing homeless people: A systematic review.

Housing is a significant determinant of health and is widely accepted as a key solution to address some of the health disparities that exist among the homeless. It is estimated that 150 million people worldwide are homeless, and approximately 1.8 billion lack adequate housing.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Smoking Behaviours and Support for Smoke-Free Zones in Saudi Arabia.

This article focuses on the impact of COVID-19 on smoking and smoking cessation behaviours and support for smoke-free zones in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. A pre-tested structured survey was distributed by email in October-November 2020 to students and staff at the University of Jeddah. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics with summative content analysis of open text.

Analysis of Thrombotic Adverse Reactions of COVID-19 AstraZeneca Vaccine Reported to EudraVigilance Database.

The development of safe, effective, affordable vaccines against COVID-19 remains the cornerstone to mitigating this pandemic. Early in December 2020, multiple research groups had designed potential vaccines. From 11 March 2021, several European countries temporarily suspended the use of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine amid reports of blood clot events and the death of a vaccinated person, despite the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the World Health Organization's assurance that there was no indication that vaccination was linked.

Public perceptions and experiences of the minor ailment service in community pharmacy in Scotland.

Background: The Minor Ailment Service (MAS) in Scottish community pharmacy allows eligible people to gain improved access to care by providing free treatment for self-limiting conditions.

Objective: To determine the perceptions and experiences of individuals using MAS and to quantify the potential impact on usage of other healthcare services.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of patients accessing MAS across Scotland during June and July 2018.

Assessment of Preventative Measures Practice among Umrah Pilgrims in Saudi Arabia, 1440H-2019.

Annually, approximately 10 million pilgrims travel to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) for Umrah from more than 180 countries. This event presents major challenges for the Kingdom's public health sector, which strives to decrease the burden of infectious diseases and to adequately control their spread both in KSA and pilgrims home nations. The aims of the study were to assess preventative measures practice, including vaccination history and health education, among Umrah pilgrims in Saudi Arabia.

Smokers' and Non-Smokers' Attitudes towards Smoking Cessation in Saudi Arabia: A Systematic Review.

Literature on smoking in Saudi Arabia is extensive. However, studies capturing the attitudes of both smokers and non-smokers towards smoking cessation are few. A PRISMA-P protocol guided systematic searches in MEDLINE and CINAHL on MeSH terms (smoking cessation AND Saudi Arabia).

Frequency and Management of Acute Poisoning Among Children Attending an Emergency Department in Saudi Arabia.

: Acute poisoning is one of the common medical emergencies in children that leads to morbidity and mortality. Medications and chemical agents play a major role in these adverse events resulting in social, economic, and health consequences. : This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and management of acute poisoning among children attending the emergency room at East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah city, Saudi Arabia.

Health-related stakeholders' perceptions of clinical pharmacy services in Qatar.

Background In Qatar, the National Vision 2030 and the National Health Strategy 2018-2022 articulate the need to improve healthcare delivery by better utilisation of the skilled workforce. In this regard, pharmacy practice is rapidly advancing and several extended pharmacy services are now available in institutionalised settings. Objective This study aimed to determine health-related stakeholders' perceptions of current clinical pharmacy services in Qatar, and the potential development and implementation of further patient-centred roles.

Investigating the incidence, nature, severity and potential causality of medication errors in hospital settings in Qatar.

Background Medication errors are a major public health concern that negatively impact patient safety and health outcomes. Effective and efficient medication error reporting systems and practices are imperative in reducing error incidence and severity. Objective The objectives were to quantify the incidence, nature and severity of medication errors, and to explore potential causality using a theoretical framework.

Parental Experience of Potential Adverse Drug Reactions Related to Their Oral Administration of Antipyretic Analgesic Medicines in Children in Saudi Arabia.

Background: Oral antipyretic analgesic medicines are commonly used in children and have the potential for adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore parental experiences of potential ADRs related to their oral administration of antipyretic analgesics in children in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: For this cross-sectional survey, a paper-based questionnaire, consent form and information sheet were handed out to 1000 parents who had administered an oral antipyretic analgesic medicine to their children during the previous 3 months.

Views and experiences of decision-makers on organisational safety culture and medication errors.

Background: In 2017, the World Health Organization published "Medication Without Harm, WHO Global Patient Safety Challenge," to reduce patient harm caused by unsafe medication use practices. While the five objectives emphasise the need to create a framework for action, engaging key stakeholders and others, most published research has focused on the perspectives of health professionals. The aim was to explore the views and experiences of decision-makers in Qatar on organisational safety culture, medication errors and error reporting.

People with intellectual disabilities and their experience of medication: A narrative literature review.

Background: People with intellectual disabilities are known to have increased medical needs and are prescribed more medication than the general population. Understanding the reality of incorporating medication into their lives would help healthcare professionals provide care in more meaningful and personalised ways.

Aim: A narrative review of the current literature relating to people with intellectual disabilities and their experience of medication/pharmaceutical care.

A cross-sectional survey of the pharmacy workforce in general practice in Scotland.

Background: In Scotland, there has been significant investment in pharmacy teams in general medical practices over recent years, aligned to current government policy.

Objectives: To characterize the national pharmacy workforce including activities undertaken, perceived competence and confidence, as well as perception of integration of the intervention.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey of all pharmacists and pharmacy technicians in general practices.

A modified-Delphi study of a framework to support the potential implementation of pharmacist prescribing.

Background: There is an extensive evidence base of the effectiveness and safety of pharmacist prescribing around the globe. There is therefore potential to develop a framework to support the implementation in Qatar to achieve the National Vision 2030 of establishing a comprehensive world-class healthcare system by better utilisation of its healthcare workforce.

Aim: To determine the levels of agreement amongst key stakeholders regarding a framework for the potential development and implementation of pharmacist prescribing in Qatar.

An evaluation of mental health clinical pharmacist independent prescribers within general practice in remote and rural Scotland.

Background A 12-month pilot was implemented in two general practices in remote and rural Scotland, with patients referred by general practitioners to specialist mental health pharmacist independent prescribers. Objective The objective was to evaluate the pilot service from the perspectives of the patients and the care team. Methods The pharmacists routinely recorded patient-specific data of all clinical issues and their actions at the time of each consultation.

'If I die, I die, I don't care about my health': Perspectives on self-care of people experiencing homelessness.

Self-care, which refers to what people do to prevent disease and maintain good health, can alleviate negative health consequences of people experiencing homelessness. The aim of the study was to apply a theoretically informed approach in exploring engagement of people experiencing homelessness in self-care and to identify factors that can be targeted in future health and social care interventions. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 28 participants opportunistically recruited from a specialist homelessness healthcare centre of North East Scotland, the United Kingdom (UK).

Key stakeholders' views on the potential implementation of pharmacist prescribing: A qualitative investigation.

Background: An accumulation of international evidence demonstrates that pharmacist prescribing is effective, safe and well-accepted. While there is potential for such development in the Middle East, the majority of published studies are largely reported from Western countries and the perspectives of individuals in strategic positions of policy and practice in the Middle East were unknown.

Objective: To explore the views of key stakeholders in Qatar regarding the potential development and implementation of pharmacist prescribing.

A systematic review of the adoption and acceptance of eHealth in Saudi Arabia: Views of multiple stakeholders.

Background: eHealth is defined as "the use of information and communication technology for health". Adoption and acceptance are key concepts to measure the level of eHealth impact. The aim of this systematic review was to critically appraise, synthesise and present evidence of the status of eHealth adoption and acceptance in Saudi Arabia from the perspectives of multiple stakeholders.