A pre-vertebrate endodermal origin of calcitonin-producing neuroendocrine cells.

Vertebrate calcitonin-producing cells (C-cells) are neuroendocrine cells that secrete the small peptide hormone calcitonin in response to elevated blood calcium levels. Whereas mouse C-cells reside within the thyroid gland and derive from pharyngeal endoderm, avian C-cells are located within ultimobranchial glands and have been reported to derive from the neural crest. We use a comparative cell lineage tracing approach in a range of vertebrate model systems to resolve the ancestral embryonic origin of vertebrate C-cells.

Rare Lymphoma of the Breast: A Case Report.

Lymphoma of the breast is a rare malignancy of the breast lymphoid tissue. It can present as either a primary or a secondary malignancy due to metastasis from a systemic disease. Secondary breast lymphoma (SBL) is one of the most common malignancies to metastasize to the breast.

Donor-directed immunologic safety of COVID-19 vaccination in renal transplant recipients.

Infection risk and COVID-19 outcomes make SARS-CoV-2 vaccination essential forsolid-organ transplant recipients. Reports of immune activation after vaccination causing graft failure raise concerns, but data are limited. Here, we document graft function, donor-derived-cell-free-DNA(dd-cfDNA), and donor-specific antibodies (DSA) in solid-organ renal transplant recipients after vaccination.

Two Years Remission of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus after Bariatric Surgery.

Objective: To determine the influence of bariatric surgery on remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in obese patients along with improvements in other obesity-associated comorbidities.

Study Design: Observational study.

Place And Duration Of Study: Doncaster and Bassetlaw NHS Trust, UK, from August 2010 to August 2018.

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Screening Preoperatively with the Epworth Questionnaire: Is It Worth It…?

Background: The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in the bariatric population has been reported to be as high as 60-83%. The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) is a validated, self-administrated eight-item questionnaire that measures subjective daytime sleepiness and thus helps to identify high-risk for OSA.

Objectives: To find the prevalence of OSA in patients undergoing bariatric surgery who do not routinely undergo polysomnography (PSG) and are screened by the ESS.

Etiology of Leaks Following Sleeve Gastrectomy: Current Evidence.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the causes of leaks following sleeve gastrectomy (SG).

Materials And Methods: Pubmed was searched during January 2016 for publications reporting leak after SG. A total of 205 publications were identified, of which 17 papers were selected.