Supernatants Disrupt Bronchial Epithelial Monolayers: Potential Role for Enhanced Invasion in Cystic Fibrosis.

is the most commonly isolated fungus in chronic lung diseases, with a prevalence of up to 60% in cystic fibrosis patients. Despite this, the impact of colonisation on lung epithelia has not been thoroughly explored. We investigated the influence of supernatants and the secondary metabolite, gliotoxin, on human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE) and CF bronchial epithelial (CFBE) cells.

Prospective observational study of respiratory Aspergillus colonization or disease in patients with various stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease utilizing culture versus nonculture techniques.

Unlabelled: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients have been recognized to be at increased risk of Aspergillus spp. colonization, which may progress to invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of Aspergillus colonization, or disease, in a cohort of COPD patients.

CD3ε Expression Defines Functionally Distinct Subsets of Vδ1 T Cells in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.

Human γδ T cells expressing the Vδ1 T cell receptor (TCR) recognize self and microbial antigens and stress-inducible molecules in a major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted manner and are an important source of innate interleukin (IL)-17. Vδ1 T cells are expanded in the circulation and intestines of patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In this study, we show that patients with HIV have elevated frequencies, but not absolute numbers, of circulating Vδ1 T cells compared to control subjects.

Post-influenzal triazole-resistant aspergillosis following allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

Influenza virus infection is now recognised as a risk factor for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). Delays in diagnosis contribute to delayed commencement of antifungal therapy. In addition, the emergence of resistance to first-line triazole antifungal agents puts emphasis on early detection to prevent adverse outcomes.

A prospective study of fungal biomarkers to improve management of invasive fungal diseases in a mixed specialty critical care unit.

Purpose: The diagnosis of invasive fungal diseases (IFD) in critical care patients (CrCP) is difficult. The study investigated the performance of a set of biomarkers for diagnosis of IFD in a mixed specialty critical care unit (CrCU).

Methods: A prospective observational study in patients receiving critical care for ≥7days was performed.

Intercountry Transfer of Triazole-Resistant Aspergillus fumigatus on Plant Bulbs.

We investigated whether plants imported to Ireland from the Netherlands might harbor triazole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus. Samples of plant bulbs were positive for triazole-resistant A. fumigatus with CYP51A mutations.

The basophil surface marker CD203c identifies Aspergillus species sensitization in patients with cystic fibrosis.

Background: Colonization by Aspergillus fumigatus in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) can cause A fumigatus sensitization and/or allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), which affects pulmonary function and clinical outcomes. Recent studies show that specific allergens upregulate the surface-expressed basophil marker CD203c in sensitized subjects, a response that can be readily measured by using flow cytometry.

Objective: We sought to identify A fumigatus sensitization in patients with CF by using the basophil activation test (BAT).

Candida albicans stimulates IL-23 release by human dendritic cells and downstream IL-17 secretion by Vδ1 T cells.

γδ T cells expressing the Vδ1 TCR are expanded in patients with HIV infection. We show in this article that circulating Vδ1 T cell numbers are particularly high in patients with HIV and candidiasis, and that these cells expand and produce IL-17 in response to Candida albicans in vitro. Although C.

The effect of Aspergillus fumigatus infection on vitamin D receptor expression in cystic fibrosis.

Rationale: Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) in cystic fibrosis (CF) is increasingly recognized. Although allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) leads to deterioration of pulmonary function, the effect of A.