The analysis of the glaucoma screening event results obtained during the World Glaucoma Week in Zagreb, Croatia.

Purpose: To report the prevalence of undiagnosed glaucoma, as well as demographic characteristics and risk factors among glaucoma suspects who were detected in a publicly promoted intraocular pressure (IOP) based glaucoma screening event.

Methods: A total of 2468 subjects older than 18 years participated in the glaucoma screening event in Zagreb, in 2014, which included a medical interview and IOP measurement using Icare tonometer. 256 subjects (10.

SUBCONJUNCTIVAL FRAGMENTATION OF A PREVIOUSLY EFFICIENT XEN GEL STENT IMPLANTATION AND SUCCESSFUL BLEB FORMATION: A CASE REPORT.

The XEN gel stent is one of the available minimally invasive glaucoma surgery devices, a new generation implant, which is designed to reduce intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma if past medical treatments have failed. This report presents a case of subconjunctival fragmentation of the XEN gel stent after a three-month follow-up of successful XEN gel implantation. A 70-year-old male patient was treated for primary open angle glaucoma.

Effect of Different Visual Impairment Levels on the Quality of Life in Glaucoma Patients.

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of different visual impairment levels on difference in the subjective quality of life estimation. We included 150 patients with glaucoma whose best-corrected visual acuity in the better-seeing eye was 0.5 and less.

Structure-Function Relationship of Changes in Visual Field Indices with Quadrant and Average Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in the Eyes with Exfoliation.

The progressive nature of glaucoma suggests it should be possible to detect structural changes such as retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness loss before the condition becomes clinically apparent with visual field (VF) impairment. Therefore, the aim was to analyze RNFL thickness and VF changes in study groups with unilateral exfoliation syndrome (XFS), bilateral XFS and bilateral exfoliative glaucoma (XFG), and compare it with controls. The study included 114 subjects (228 eyes) divided into 4 groups according to the presence of exfoliation: 30 subjects with unilateral XFS (30 with clinically visible XFS and 30 fellow eyes), 24 subjects (48 eyes) with bilateral XFS, 28 (56 eyes) subjects with bilateral XFG, and control group (32 subjects).

Comparison of Optic Nerve Head Morphology in Patients with Primary Open Angle Glaucoma and Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.

The aim of this study was to assess damage to retinal ganglion cells (RGC) and morphology of the optic nerve head (ONH) in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION). The study included three groups of patients, as follows: 40 eyes with POAG, 40 eyes with NAION and 40 eyes with refraction anomaly. All patients underwent standard automated perimetry and analysis of ONH topography by using confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (CSLO)-HRT II.

Analysis of Ganglion Cell Complex and Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Glaucoma Diagnosis.

The aim was to compare retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell complex (GCC) thicknesses in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), ocular hypertension (OH) and healthy subjects, and to investigate the role of GCC parameters in glaucoma diagnosis. Eighty-one patients were divided into four groups according to Hodapp-Parrish-Anderson classification: 26 OH, 22 early POAG, 10 moderate to advanced POAG, and 23 healthy subjects. All patients underwent RNFL and GCC thickness measurement using SOCT Copernicus HR.

Initial Clinical Experience with Ahmed Valve Implantation in Refractory Pediatric Glaucoma.

The purpose is to report on the safety and efficacy of Ahmed Glaucoma Valve (AGV, New World Medical, Inc., Rancho Cucamonga, CA, USA) implantation for the management of refractory pediatric glaucoma observed during one-year follow up period. A retrospective chart review was conducted on 10 eyes, all younger than 11 years, with pediatric glaucoma that underwent AGV implantation for medicamentously uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) between 2010 and 2014.

Prevalence of Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome and Pseudoexfoliation Glaucoma in Population of North-West Croatia Aged 40 and Over.

The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma and to evaluate its association with open-angle glaucoma in patients attending the Department of Ophthalmology, Dr Tomislav Bardek General Hospital in Koprivnica, northwestern Croatia. This prospective study was conducted at Dr Tomislav Bardek General Hospital between December 2012 and October 2013. A total of 5349 subjects aged 40 or above presenting for general ophthalmic examination were screened for pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.

CORRELATION BETWEEN MACULAR CHANGES IN EXFOLIATION SYNDROME AND EXFOLIATIVE GLAUCOMA.

The aim of the study was to evaluate macular thickness and macular volume in unilateral and bilateral exfoliation syndrome and to compare them with exfoliative glaucoma and control eyes using optical coherence tomography. This prospective study included 114 subjects (228 eyes) divided into 4 groups according to the presence of exfoliation: 30 patients with unilateral syndrome, 24 patients with bilateral syndrome, 28 patients with bilateral glaucoma and control group without glaucoma or exfoliation syndrome (32 subjects). All subjects were older than 50 years.

Macular thickness after glaucoma filtration surgery.

The aim of present study was to analyze early postoperative changes in the macular area using optical coherence tomography (OCT) after uncomplicated glaucoma filtration surgery. This prospective study included 32 patients (34 eyes) with open-angle glaucoma, which underwent trabeculectomy with or without use of mitomycin C. Exclusion criteria were macular edema, uveitis, age-related macular degeneration, blurred optical media, secondary glaucoma and angle-closure glaucoma.

[Prognostic value of ophthalmic artery color Doppler sonography for progression to glaucoma in vitiligo patients].

The aim of this study was to assess the prognostic value, i.e. the role of hemodynamic changes in the ophthalmic artery determined by color Doppler imaging in patients with vitiligo in relation to the occurrence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), and to call attention to the importance of examination of the vascular component in routine examinations of patients by clinical dermatologists and ophthalmologists, due to the possible correlation of vitiligo and ophthalmologic changes indicating POAG.

Astigmatism and diagnostic procedures.

Astigmatism represents an inability of the cornea and lens to provide a sharp image onto the retina. Correcting astigmatic errors, whether congenital, contact lens induced or surgically induced, is now an integral part of modern cataract and refractive procedures. Development of modern technology has enabled accurate diagnosis and perfect opportunities for correction; however, while cataract and keratorefractive surgery have come a long way in the last decade, the treatment and diagnosis of astigmatism continue to challenge ophthalmologists.

Macular thickness and volume parameters measured using optical coherence tomography (OCT) for evaluation of glaucoma patients.

The aim of this study was to evaluate macular thickness parameters in glaucoma patients and to compare them to normal subjects using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). This prospective, observational study included 20 primary open angle glaucoma patients (POAG) and 20 healthy subjects in control group. Exclusion criteria were diabetes and other macular pathology, like age-related macular degeneration, macular oedema, central serous retinopathy and high myopia >4.

Safety and efficacy of monotherapy change to fixed combination (travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5%) in 6 months follow up period.

Purpose: To assess the safety and efficacy of changing antiglaucoma therapy to the travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% (TTFC) fixed combination from previous monotherapies.

Comparison of evening and morning dosing of travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5% fixed combination in 6 month period.

An open label, multi-center, 6 months observational study of new fixed combination (travoprost 0.004%/timolol 0.5%), in order to evaluate both efficacy (intraocular pressure lowering) and tolerability (patient and investigator satisfaction) of two dosing regimens--evening (PM) and morning (AM).

Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection for chalazion.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide injection in primary and recurrent chalazion. The study included 30 patients with primary and recurrent chalazion (37 cases) and 24 patients as a control group. Patients with primary and recurrent chalazion received intralesional injection of 0.

Endogenous steroid sex hormones and atherosclerosis of retinal arteries in men.

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that both male and female sex hormones may be associated with the development of atherosclerosis, but almost all such data are based on studies of patients with coronary artery disease. To our knowledge, there are no data on the effects of endogenous sex hormones on atherosclerosis of the retinal arteries in men, and the purpose of this study was to explore that association.

Material/methods: In 101 consecutive adult male patients treated in a university hospital outpatient clinic, atherosclerotic changes of the retinal vessels were identified prospectively by direct ophthalmoscopy and were graded on a scale of 1 to 4 according to Scheie.

Intravitreal bevacizumab for neovascular glaucoma.

The aim of the study was to assess short-term efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab in a series of patients with neovascular glaucoma. Eleven patients with neovascular glaucoma and symptomatic elevation of intraocular pressure were treated with 1.25 mg/0.

Botulinum toxin A injection for primary and recurrent chalazia.

Background: To study the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous botulinum toxin A injections in the treatment of primary and recurrent chalazia.

Methods: Prospective, placebo-controlled consecutive case-series trial. Sixty three patients were divided into two groups: group 1 consisting of 32 patients previously diagnosed with and treated for primary or recurrent chalazia with 2-5 international units (IU) in 0.

Bilateral optic neuritis as initial manifestation of neurosyphilis in a HIV-positive patient.

Syphilis, a disease which used to be terminal up to the 1950s, has become curable with the discovery of penicillin. In the last few years, an increase in its incidence has been recorded in the world as well as in Croatia, primarily with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection. We present a 40-year-old male patient who complained of a sudden decrease of visual acuity on both eyes, accompanied by dizziness.

[Ophthalmological causes of headache].

Ophthalmologic causes of headache represent a very complex and extensive problem, and very often differential diagnostic problem too. Many various reasons of headache can be caused by ophthalmologic diseases like those of anterior and posterior eye segments, acute and subacute angle closed glaucoma and orbital diseases. Headache can be caused by no or poor correction of the refraction anomalies.

Comparison of preoperative and postoperative astigmatism after superotemporal or superonasal clear corneal incision in phacoemulsification.

The aim of this work was comparison of preoperative and postoperative astigmatism after superotemporal or superonasal clear corneal incision. Twenty eight eyes of 28 patients treated with phacoemulsification through superotemporal or superonasal 3 mm clear corneal incision were examined by kerato-refractometer preoperatively and six months postoperatively. Adequate score was assigned to each preoperative and postoperative K-value with associated axis of astigmatism to enable comparison.

[Primary non-Hodgkin orbital lymphoma: case report].

The aim of this case report is to present a very rare case of primary malignant non-Hodgkin orbital lymphoma, found in an 80-year-old female patient with rapid orbital structure compression. Detailed ophthalmologic, radiologic, hematologic and oncologic examinations and laboratory tests were done before, during and after treatment. Diagnostic ultrasonography and computed tomography images of the right orbital cavity demonstrated a solid naoplastic process which dislocated the eyeball without invasion of orbital structures.

[Triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of inflammation after cataract surgery].

Aim: To compare the use of single injection of triamcinolone acetonide and steroid drops in the treatment of inflammation after cataract surgery.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective study included 80 patients operated on by phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation. After the operation, patients were divided into two groups.

[Combined laser treatment in the management of acute and subacute primary angle closure glaucoma].

Unlabelled: Primary angle closure glaucoma remains a disease with high visual morbidity worldwide. Patients with primary angle closure glaucoma may have dramatic signs and symptoms that can lead to permanent blindness in a short period of time if not properly treated. Conventionally, medical treatment was used to lower the intraocular pressure (IOP), followed by laser peripheral iridotomy.